2019-2020年高中英语周末培优第08周Unit4Earthquakes2含解析新人教版必修.doc

2019-2020年高中英语周末培优第08周Unit4Earthquakes2含解析新人教版必修I. 完成句子（每小题1分，满分4分）1. The box was _ for me _. 箱子太重了，我举不起来。2. _the meeting never ended.看起来会议好像没完没了。3. All that glitters_. 发光的东西并非都是金子。4. Uncle Li has two sons, _serve in the army.李叔叔有两个儿子，他俩都在部队服役。【参考答案】1. too heavy; to lift2. It seems as if/as though3. is not gold4. both of whomII. 单项填空（每小题1分，满分10分）1. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that【答案】D2. He is such a good teacher _ everyone respects and loves him.A. that B. whom C. as D. who 【答案】A【解析】such a(n) +adj.+n. + that表示如此以至于。句意：他是如此好的一个老师，大家都很尊敬和喜欢他。3. It is known _ light travels faster than sound.A. as B. that C. what D. which 【答案】B【解析】此句中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，从句中不缺成分，故用了that。It is known that表示众所周知。4. I dont like the way _ he spoke.A. / B. as C. who D. which【答案】A【解析】句意：我不喜欢他说话的方式。way方式，方法，为先行词，所填词在定语从句中作状语，定语从句应用that，in which引导，也可以省略引导词，由此可知选A。5. He has given you the way _ is best to solve the problem.A. / B. in which C. what D. which 【答案】D【解析】先行词是the way，指物，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故用that或which。6. In September of xx, the G20 Summit was held in Hangzhou, _ theme is to stress innovation, reform and development.A. where B. which C. when D. whose【答案】D7. Captain John Smith was among the first to settle in _ is called New England now. A. which B. whatC. the place where D. where【答案】B【解析】此处what的意思是所的事物，指代地点。句意：史密斯上尉是第一批定居在现在被称为新英格兰的人之一。故选B。8. On the bus I saw a student _ I thought was your brother.A. who B. whomC. whose D. he【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。I thought是插入语，因此定语从句缺主语，who和whom在引导定语从句中的区别主要是who可作主语和宾语，但whom只能作宾语；whose是作定语修饰句中某个成分；he不用于引导从句。句意：在公交车上，我看到一个学生，我觉得是你的弟弟。故选A。9. This is the reason he didnt e to the meeting.A. in which B. with whichC. that D. for which【答案】D【解析】for which在定语从句中作原因状语，可用why来替代。10. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan.A. whichB. whose C. where D. with【答案】BIII. 阅读理解（每小题2分，满分16分）A阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Scientists at UC Berkeley released a video showing an earthquake early-warning system that sent an alert before the magnitude-6.0 Napa earthquake on Sunday morning.Officials said the system provided an alert 10 seconds before the quake was felt.California is working to plete a statewide system, which could be pleted in the next few years. Once fully developed, the system could give downtown Los Angeles 40 to 50 seconds of warning that the Big One was headed from the San Andreas fault, giving time for elevators to stop at the next floor and open up, firefighters to open up garage doors, high-speed trains to slow down to avoid derailment and surgeons to take the scalpel(手术刀) out of a patient.A lack of funds, however, has slowed the systems progress.The system works because while earthquakes travel at the speed of sound, sensors that initially detect the shaking near the epicenter of a quake can send a message faster at the speed of light to warn residents farther away that the quake is ing.Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Burbank) said the successful test showed the need for the system.While this was not the big one, we need to be prepared to save lives and protect vital infrastructure(基础设施) even a few seconds of warning will allow people to seek cover, automatically slow or stop trains, pause surgeries and more, he said in a statement.1.It will take a few years to finish the statewide earthquake early-warning system because .A. its a hard workB. theres no enough moneyC. its a large systemD. theres no enough workers2. Which can be inferred from the passage?A. The system can send an alert before an earthquake starts.B. The system works based on the difference of the speed between sound and light.C. Even warning a few seconds ahead can give time to save many lives and vital infrastructure.D. After the system is pleted, people will not be afraid of earthquakes in California.3.The word while in the last paragraph means .A. thoughB. howeverC. and D. because【参考答案】【语篇解读】本文为说明文，主要介绍了美国加州的地震预警系统。B根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。For many people, a special sale is just too attractive to walk away from. 4 But with sales items, how can you be sure youre really getting a good deal? If you understand some sales tricks, you will be able to make smart choices.Some tricks have been used by shopkeepers for ages. 5 For example, if an item is US $11.9 instead of US $12.00, youll feel like youre spending less money.Sellers sometimes reduce items by a certain amount. 6 That means that even with the discount, you may pay more than the original price.Shopkeepers clearly understand what makes you want to buy their products. But with a little preparation, you can avoid being cheated.Tips for shoppersAlways pare prices before buying anything._7_ The more focused you are, the easier it is to make wise decisions.Dont shop when you are hungry. Studies show that youll usually buy more than you originally planned._8_ First ask yourself: Do I have the money to buy it? Will I use it? If not, walk away, but if so, go for it! That way youll still feel good after you take your item home.A. Know what youre looking for.B. And that makes shop owners very happy!C. Watch for Buy one, get one free sales.D. One of the oldest is to make prices end in 99.E. Dont buy something just because its on sale.F. Check for sales ads in the newspaper or online.G. But before the sale begins, sellers might mark the prices higher.【参考答案】【语篇解读】本文介绍了商家的多种促销伎俩并提出应如何理智购物的建议。7. A【解析】根据下文中的make wise decisions可知，本段讲在购买之前你要明确自己要买的是什么。A项符合语境。8. E【解析】根据下文First ask yourself: Do I have the money to buy it? Will I use it? If not, walk away.可知，本段讲的是要量入为出、按需消费，E项不要盲目购买促销商品提示下文，符合语境。IV. 完形填空（每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Earthquakes are mon; thousands of them happen each day. But most are too_1_to feel. During a _2_earthquake, there is often a great noise first. Then the earth_3_terribly; many houses_4_down. Railway tracks break and trains go_5_lines; a great many factories are_6_; thousands of deaths are caused, and many more lose homes. _7_the great damage and deaths caused by the earthquake_8_, other disasters such as fires often_9_. More buildings are destroyed and more_10_are caused.It is well known of the_11_of a possible earthquake, and for centuries man has been making researches on earthquakes. More than 2, 000 years ago, _12_, a Chinese scientist named Zhang Heng_13_a machine which could find out from which_14_the seismic(地震的)waves had e, and this machine is still_15_by scientists today. Now we know much more about earthquakes and_16_they happen, but we still cannot_17_exactly when and where an earthquake will happen, and cannot_18_it from happening. So earthquakes are among the_19_disasters in the world.No one can stop natural earthquakes._20_, scientists can help stop earthquakes from destroying whole cities and causing too many deaths.1. A. thinB. weakC. light D. slow2. A. real B. weakC. big D. small3. A. moves B. shakesC. jumps D. breaks4. A. get B. putC. set D. fall5. A. off B. onC. into D. behind6. A. burst B. hurtC. destroyed D. buried7. A. Except B. BesidesC. Instead of D. Because of8. A. lonely B. laterC. themselves D. itself9. A. follow B. copyC. e D. enter10. A. quakes B. deathsC. difficulties D. results11. A. information B. questionsC. dangers D. shock12. A. as a result B. in factC. for example D. as well13. A. invented B. discoveredC. found D. operated14. A. country B. directionC. way D. city15. A. improved B. repairedC. protected D. used16. A. where B. whenC. what D. why17. A. speak B. tellC. talk D. point18. A. make B. prepareC. stop D. let19. A. worst B. bestC. most D. fast20. A. However B. ButC. And D. So【参考答案】【语篇解读】本文为说明文，讲述了地震的危害以及人们为此所做的努力。5. A 铁路轨道破裂，所以火车偏离铁路线。off指离开，不相连，其他三个词均不符合题意。6. C 在此指工厂被毁。burst指爆炸，炸开，突然爆发；hurt指伤害，使受伤；bury指埋葬，这三个词均不符合题意。7. B 句意：除了地震本身所造成的巨大破坏和死亡以外，其他灾害也随之而来，例如火灾。besides既包括地震本身所造成的破坏和死亡，也包括其他灾害。如果用except，则不包括地震本身所造成的破坏和死亡，所以不符合题意。8. D 这里指地震本身引起的破坏和死亡，故选D。9. A B、D两项不符合题意，先排除；follow有随之而来之意，而e只表来到。10. B 大火造成的两大结果：房屋被毁，人员伤亡。11. C 根据上下文可知地震的危险性是众所周知的，所以人们一直在做有关地震的研究。12. C 举例说明人们在这方面的研究。13. A invent发明；discover发现；find找到；operate操作，运行。根据句意可知A正确。14. B A、D两项不符合题意，先排除；direction表方位，方向，而way则指路，道或路线，way也可以指方向，但一般用在this，that，which等之后构成短语。15. D 科学家们现在仍在使用这种机器。16. D C项不符合语法，先排除；when，where在下句中出现。17. B 但是我们仍然不知道到底什么时候、在哪儿会发生地震。tell有说出，知道，断定之意。18. C 首先，根据题意应选择表示制止，停止的词；其次，根据固定搭配stop sb./sth. (from) doing.可知C项正确。19. A 根据上下文可知地震是最严重的灾害之一。20. A 此处表示转折，且后面用逗号隔开，所以选副词however；but为连词，通常不用逗号隔开。V. 短文改错（每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(/)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。This term our school has offer more than ten optional courses from which students can choose from. The courses are given from 4:00 to 5:30 every Thursday afternoon. Students show interest in optional courses. Their favorite are puters, speaking English, arts and so on. They say they have learned a lot about that is not taught in text books and they have got a great deal of practice. Therefore, students are not quite satisfied. They hope that more optional courses will be offered or the homework will be less. They suggest more trips and visits should organized so that they can learn more about whats going on inside school.【参考答案】This term our school has more than ten optional courses from which students can choose . The courses are given from 4:00 to 5:30 every Thursday afternoon. Students show interest in optional courses. Their are puters, English, arts and so on. They say they have learned a lot about is not taught in text books and they have got a great deal of practice. , students are not quite satisfied. They hope that more optional courses will be offered the homework will be less. They suggest more trips and visits should organized so that they can learn more about whats going on school.第一处：offeroffered 现在完成时由have/has+过去分词构成。第二处：删除choose后的from 固定搭配choose from意为从中选择，介词+关系代词引导定语从句，介词from已有，故删除后面的from。第八处：orand 此处意为他们希望能够提供更多的选修课程，并布置更少的家庭作业。前后两个分句是并列关系，此处表示顺承，应用and。第九处：在organized前加be trips and visits与organize是被动关系，应用被动语态。第十处：insideoutside 根据常识判断，trips and visits是在校外举办的活动。