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Unit 4 Earthquakes2019-2020年高中英语Unit4Backgroundinformation教案新课标人教版必修1I. Zhang HengZhang Heng (张衡) (78AD139AD) was an astronomer, mathematician, artist and literary scholar（文学学者）in the Eastern Han Dynasty of China.Born in todays Nangyang County, Henan, he was a good writer at age 12. At the age of 16, he left home to pursue(从事) his studying the capital city. He spent at least 10 years of his youth in literary studies and writing. He published several well-recognized literary writings. He switched to(转向) astronomy after age 30.In the year 123 he corrected the calendar to bring it into line with the seasons.In 132 Zhang Heng invented the first seismograph(地震仪) for measuring earthquakes. His device was in the shape of a cylinder(圆柱体) with eight dragon heads around the top, each with a ball in its mouth. Around the bottom were eight frogs, each directly under a dragon head. When an earthquake occurred, a ball fell out of the dragons mouth into a frogs mouth, making a noise. He also invented the odometer(里程表)Zhang Heng was the first person in China to construct a rotating celestial globe.In one of his publications he also proposed = 730/232 (or about 3.1466) . II. Earthquake Survival TipsWould you know what to do during a really big earthquake? Experts have looked into matter carefully. It may be worth you while to look over the following tips they have for us.If the ground begins shaking while you are driving, pull over and stay in your car. If you are in a building, try to get near a strong wall. The corner of the room or the space under a big doorway is the safest. As soon as the quake is over, check the gas pipe in the building. Gas fires often result from earthquakes. These tips may prove to be lifesavers. We should, therefore, keep them in mind. Remember to always hope for the best but prepare for the worst.Escape in the Schooll If it has an earthquake when having classes, the students should listen to the teachers instruction, protect their heads and hide under the desks.l If it has an earthquake when the students are in the sports ground, they can crouch on the spot and protect their heads with hands. Be sure to keep away with high building and dangerous objects.l Dont go back to the classroom.l Retreat in order after the earthquake.Escape in Public PlacesListen to the mand of the site workers. Dont be scared and dont rush towards the exits. Try to avoid crowds. Avoid to be squeezed to the wall or barriers.l At theaters and gyms: crouch down or slip under the chairs; avoid suspending lights and electric fans; protect the head with schoolbags; after the earthquake, listen to the mand of the workers, retreat in an organized way.l In department stores, bookstores, museums or subway: find firm counters, modities (low furniture etc.) or a pillar, or the corner of a wall to crouch down on the spot, protect the heads with hands or other objects; keep away from glass windows, glass counters or show counters; keep away from tall cupboards; keep away from advertisement boards and other suspending objects.l On buses or trolley buses: Grasp the handles to avoid being injured; lower the center of gravity; hide near the seats; get off after the earthquake passed.
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