2019-2020年高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit5Firstaid练习新人教版必修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit5Firstaid练习新人教版必修一、阅读理解(共7小题;每小题2分,满分14分)ASunstroke is a condition that can quickly go from dangerous to deadly,especially if proper care isnt given immediately.Sunstroke,sometimes called heatstroke,is a result of the body temperature rising above safe limits.This causes the bodys necessary functions to stop working.Its usually pretty easy to avoid sunstroke,as long as proper action is taken.In that case,you need to act as quickly as possible to return that persons body to a safe temperature.Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.Call for helpCall to get an ambulance as quickly as possible.This should be the first thing you do,especially if the sunstroke person has fainted(昏倒).Also,call for help from anyone nearby if you re in a public place.If theres no one around,call someone nearby if they can get there sooner than an ambulance.Ask everyone to bring you as much water as possible,if there isnt much nearby.Get the person to a cooler areaIf theres a building nearby,aim for that.Anywhere with plenty of air conditionings and water is perfect.If a building isnt available,bring the person to a well shaded area.Get the water flowingIf the person is still conscious,get him or her to drink water.If theres a bathtub available,fill it with cool water and put the person in it.If your water supply is limited,you have to save it.Dampen a towel or shirt and put it on the persons body.Focus on the face,neck,and chest.Fan the personGetting moving air over the person cools him or her down.Use anything,a towel or sheet,a shirt,your hands,or a piece of board.This is where having many people around really helps,as they can bine to fan the entire body.(xx河北邢台摸底考试)1.When does a person get sunstroke?A.When the body doesnt function.B.When proper care is given immediately.C.When someone is exposed to the sun too long.D.When the body temperature goes up beyond what one can bear.2.What is mainly discussed in the passage?A.The first aid for sunstroke.B.The cause of sunstroke.C.The chief symptoms of sunstroke.D.The essential preventions of sunstroke.3.The passage probably es from.A.a guide bookB.a book reviewC.a medical magazineD.an official document【文章大意】本文是篇说明文,介绍了中暑的危害及中暑后的一些急救措施。1.D细节理解题。由第二段中的“Sunstroke,sometimes called heatstroke,is a result of the body temperature rising above safe limits.”可知,当人的体温超过所能承受的安全极限时,就会中暑,故选择D项。2.A主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了何为中暑及中暑的危害,然后重点介绍了中暑后应该采取的急救措施。由第三段中的“Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.”和下文的小标题可知A项正确。3.C推理判断题。文章主要介绍了中暑后的一些急救措施,这些知识很可能出现在医学杂志上,应选C项。BIn xx,Dan Black was hit by a car in his hometown Wales,as he was biking to his job at a grocery store.The accident left him in a wheelchair.Once a promising guitarist,Dan,now 25,lives with his parents and requires around-the-clock care that costs nearly $300,000 a year.After Dans paralysis(瘫痪),a friend of his started the Help Dan Black Fund to help afford his medical expenses.Dan learned about an experimental stem cell treatment in China that could pletely restore his ability to walk and move.After four years,donations to the Help Dan Black Fund totaled nearly $30,000.One day,in the summer of xx,a news story caught the eye of Dan.The story featured a local five-year-old boy named Brecon who had a rare disease and had never walked without assistance.The boys family had created a websitethe Vaughan website to collect the $100,000 needed for a treatment which could help Brecon walk.Only half the amount had been raised,said the report.Learning that the boy needed money desperately for treatment and considering that his own dream of walking could be years away,Dan gave up all his $30,000 to Brecon.Dans generosity received a great deal of attention,and contributions started pouring in.The family soon achieved a lot more than their fund-raising goal.In October,Brecon and his family traveled to St.Louis for the treatment.“Dan sacrificed his own chances of having a normal life in the hopes that our little boy can have one,” Brecons mother said,“He is the most generous man Ive ever seen.”1.What happened to Dan Black in xx?A.He had a quarrel with a car driver.B.He was left paralyzed by a cycling accident.C.He promised to work as a guitarist.D.He went for an interview at a grocery store.2.What was the money raised over the last four years used for?A.Paying for an operation that could enable Dan to walk again.B.Paying for Dans school fees while he was in China.C.Helping to pay all the debts Dans family owed.D.Helping out with Dans all living expenses.3.Why did Dan decide to give his donations to Brecon?A.Because Dans dream of walking was hopeless.B.Because Brecon received more attention than Dan.C.Because Brecons family begged Dan to do so.D.Because he thought Brecon had a better chance of walking.4.Which is the best title of the passage?A.A special fund-raising goalB.An expensive treatmentC.A selfless sponsorD.A fortunate boy【文章大意】本文是记叙文,讲述了一个病人救助另一个病人的故事。一位因车祸瘫痪、靠轮椅代步的青年人,将四年来募捐到的给自己治病的3万美元捐献给了一位急需做手术的5岁残疾男孩,此举动使男孩的父母倍受感动。1.B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The accident left him in a wheelchair.”和第二段开头部分可知,丹布莱克于xx年遭遇车祸瘫痪,故选择B项。2.A推理判断题。由第二段前两句“.to help afford his medical expenses.Dan learned about an experimental stem cell treatment in China.”可知,丹的一位朋友创立了“帮助丹布莱克基金”筹资项目,帮助他支付医疗费用。而中国的一种手术,能够使他得到康复。可见,这笔资金就是为这次手术筹集的,应选择A项。3.D细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Learning that the boy needed money desperately for treatment and considering that his own dream of walking could be years away,Dan gave up all his $30,000 to Brecon.”可知,丹把自己的筹资捐献给了布莱肯,因为布莱肯恢复行走能力的可能性更大,D项符合文意。4.C标题归纳题。本文讲述的是丹布莱克慷慨捐出为自己筹集的3万美元帮助5岁男孩治病的故事,文中的generosity和generous表明了他无私的优秀品质,应选择C项。二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)It was a very cold winter evening when a friend of mine got seriously 1.(injure)and was rushed to Westchester Medical Center,2. she stayed unconscious for quite a while.Finally she was awake.A friend and I decided to visit her,so we bought some flowers and were 3. our way.After quickly parking the car and 4.(sign)in,we reached her room,but only a few minutes were counted with her.Pretty soon after our 5.(arrive),we were asked to leave by the nurses.We headed out to the car.Little did we know that we had 6.(pay) for parking.We had no money aside from a spare dollar or two left from our lunch money that day.We had no idea what to do.A very sweet-hearted woman 7.(clear) her throat,saying “Excuse me” in order to catch my attention.She handed me 8. $20 bill.I insisted that she should give me her name and address and I will 9.(certain) pay her back.She refused.I thanked her for her generosity and told her how 10. it was appreciated.She turned to me and replied with one sentence,“Thank youbeing able to help you makes me happy,too.” Her words were so unusual that I was very surprised to hear that.(xx河南洛阳三模)1.injured。get为系动词,应用形容词injured作表语。2.where。Westchester Medical Center为先行词,定语从句中缺少状语,故用where引导定语从句。3.on。固定搭配on ones way“在(去某地的)路上”。4.signing。此处after为介词,其后应接动名词。sign in在此为“登记”之意。5.arrival。所填词前有our修饰,应用名词arrival。6.to pay。此处表示“必须支付停车费”。have to do“不得不”,是固定搭配。7.cleared。本文讲述的是发生过的事,应用一般过去时,故填过去式cleared。clear ones throat“清喉咙,清嗓子”。8.a。此处用不定冠词a表示数量“一”。9.certainly。此处应用副词certainly修饰动词pay。10.much。句意:对她的慷慨大方我表示了感谢,并对她说她的行为是多么让我感激。此处用much修饰appreciated,强调程度之深。Part B一、完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)There was a rich man who was selecting a husband for his only daughter among a large number of pursuers(追求者).The man 1 all the pursuers to a river and 2 the crocodiles,saying,“Anyone who can 3 across the river safe and sound will 4 my daughter.” Those pursuers looked at each other and no one dare take the lead.At that moment,a man 5 into the river bravely and swam at a(n) 6 speed to the other side.All the people applauded for his 7 with great sense of admiration.Nevertheless,the man,after landing on the bank,shouted 8,“Who pushed me into the river just now?”Maybe the man,9 thinking of the whole process and the good 10 he is going to obtain,will feel 11 to the one who pushed him into the river.It is fairly mon that disadvantages will turn into 12 and misfortunes into fortunes!But many of us cannot manage to realize the 13 of our opponent to our 14.Generally speaking,many people will see the one who pushes him into the river as a(n) 15.However,it is the one who pushes you into the river 16 makes you feel the sense of crisis and 17 your ambition and desire to struggle!You will determine to smooth away all 18 and progress to another stage of your life!Due to our opponent,we can realize our full 19.Due to our opponent,we will 20 promote our abilities when peting with them!1.A.orderedB.introducedC.ledD.forced2.A.aimed atB.pointed toC.shot atD.stuck to3.A.swimB.rowC.floatD.skate4.A.loveB.greetC.acpanyD.marry5.A.divedB.steppedC.droppedD.walked6.A.amazingB.relaxingC.steadyD.ordinary7.A.dreamB.calmnessC.courageD.patience8.A.happilyB.angrilyC.cautiouslyD.nervously9.A.sinceB.withoutC.beforeD.after10.A.conditionB.consequenceC.situationD.experience11.A.rudeB.gratefulC.familiarD.cruel12.A.advantagesB.adventuresC.challengesD.assignments13.A.burdenB.securityC.independenceD.significance14.A.peaceB.emotionC.successDfort15.A.friendB.crocodileC.opponentD.pursuer16.A.whomB.whatC.whichD.that17.A.decreaseB.devoteC.stimulatesD.envy18.A.doubtB.difficultyC.beliefD.fault19.A.potentialB.anxietyC.presenceD.practice20.A.occasionallyB.hardlyC.presentlyD.continuously【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章论述了对手对于我们取得成功的重要性:有了对手,我们就能充分发挥自己的潜能;有了对手,我们才能在与对手的比拼中不断地提升自己的能力。1.C这个富人将求婚的男子们带到一条河边。C项“带路,引领”符合语境。2.B(这位富人)指着河中的鳄鱼说,“如果有人能够安全地游到对岸,我就把女儿嫁给他。”aim at“瞄准”;point to“指向”;shoot at“射击”;stick to“坚持”。3.A由下文“.and swam at a(n) 6 speed to the other side.”中的swam可知答案为A项。row“划船”;float“漂浮”;skate“滑冰”。4.D文章第一句提到“富人为独生女儿选婿”,所以应选择D项。5.Adive“跳水,俯冲”,dive into the river意为“跳入河中”,应选A项。其他选项与bravely或pushed不相匹配。6.A该男子在布满鳄鱼的河中肯定会以“惊人的”速度游到对岸。amazing“令人惊异的”;relaxing“令人轻松的”;steady“稳定的,匀速的”;ordinary“普通的,正常的”。7.C大家对这个勇敢的男子充满钦佩和羡慕,报以热烈的掌声。上文中的bravely表明C项正确。8.Bnevertheless和pushed表明此人“非常气愤”,应选B项。cautiously“谨慎地”;nervously“紧张地”。9.D“感谢那个把他推下去的人”应该是在对整个过程和将要获得的好结果进行思考之后,D项符合语境。10.B此处的good consequence指的是marry the rich mans daughter。11.Brude“无礼的”;grateful“感激的”;familiar“熟悉的”;cruel“残酷的”。12.A不利变为有利,祸事变成幸事,这在现实生活中比比皆是。由“misfortunes into fortunes”可推知答案为A项。advantage“优势,有利条件”;adventure“冒险”;challenge“挑战”;assignment“分配,任务”。13.D由下文中的“However,it is the one. desire to struggle!”可知,此处指很多人意识不到对手的“重要性”(significance)。D项符合文意。14.C由第二段最后一句中的“progress to another stage of your life”可知,此处应选success“成功”。15.C上一句“But many of us cannot manage to realize the13of our opponent to our14.”提示,此处应选C项。16.D该句是一个强调句,应用that连接被强调部分和句子其他成分。17.C然而,正是那个推你下河的人才使你产生危机感,激发不懈奋斗的雄心和愿望。stimulate“激励,鼓舞”符合句意。18.B你会下定决心排除一切困难,迈向你人生中的更高台阶。smooth away difficulty“排除困难,克服困难”。19.A此处应与下一句中的“promote our abilities”意思一致,realize full potential“充分发挥潜能”,符合语境。20.D有了对手,我们才能在与对手的比拼中不断地提升自己的能力。occasionally“偶尔地”;hardly“几乎不”;presently“目前,现在”;continuously“持续不断地”。二、七选五阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)How often does your child automatically pick up a book,a magazine,a newspaper,or other printed materials simply for the pleasure of reading?Experts have begun to realize that a young persons interest in independent reading seems to be important to long-term success.1 Thats where you should do your part as a parent.First,understand that independent reading is not guided or shared reading.You may be present in the room with your son or daughter,but you will not be engaged in reading the book for your child.2 3 Not only does it increase a childs imagination,focus,prehension and vocabulary,but it also allows him or her to build interest in a subject.For example,if he or she finds the Roman Empire fascinating,independently reading about that time period could broaden his or her understanding of society.4 Turn off the TV and open the newspaper.Take time at the end of the day as a family to enjoy some free reading moments.The more you do it yourself,the more likely your child will be to accept it as a proper,regular thing to do.You can also begin building your childs personal “library”.5 Remember that reading achievement is linked to a love of independent reading.So the next time your child picks up a book,allow him or her to have some private moments.Youll never regret your decision to embrace independent reading.A.That way,he or she will have many books to choose during independent reading.B.However,not all children will naturally love reading.C.Set up a reading environment and classroom library.D.Independent reading is of great benefit to children.E.Instead,the child should pick up a book on his or her own,whether or not he or she can read all the words.F.Keep in mind that you are requiring a number of minutes per day in class and then again at home for reading.G.One of the best ways to raise a youngsters interest in independent reading is to bee an independent reader yourself.【文章大意】本文为说明文,向家长介绍了培养孩子独立阅读的方法。1.B第一段主要介绍了家长培养孩子独立阅读的必要性,B项与前句衔接,构成转折关系,同时引出下文,与其构成因果关系,故选择B项。2.E第二段提到,independent reading不是指导性阅读和陪伴阅读,而是让孩子独立阅读,E项符合语境。3.D第三段介绍了独立阅读给孩子带来的益处,D项为该段的主题句。4.G第四段前半部分提到家长要率先示范,以自己的独立阅读行为来影响孩子,G项与之匹配。5.A空处前一句建议家长给孩子建立个人“图书馆”,A项符合语境。三、短文改错(满分10分)Dear classmates,Im more than pleased to share with you Wang Wei story.On his way home yesterday afternoon,Wang Wei noticed an old lady to fall to the ground and went up to her help without delay.After helping her to safety,he dial 120 and the granny got timely treatment in hospital.I was deeply moving by what Wang Wei had done.There are no doubt that such a deed should be encouraged.Firstly,it has been one of the traditional Chinese virtue to help those in trouble.Secondly,people nowadays seem to be getting more and more unwilling to help others,especial the aged.Otherwise,Wang Weis behavior is great significance in awakening peoples awareness of helping others.Thirdly,it is our duty to make our world a more harmonious place to live in.In short,I strongly advocate that all of us should learn with Wang Wei and always be ready to help others.Thats all!Thank you.1.第1句:Wang WeiWang Weis。Wang Wei与story为所属关系,前者应使用所有格形式。2.第2句:删除fall前的to。notice后接不带to的动词不定式,notice sb.do sth.意为“注意到某人做某事”。3.第3句:dialdialed。王伟救人是发生在过去的事,dial应用过去式。4.第4句:movingmoved。moving“令人感动的”,常修饰物;moved“感动的,被感动的”,常修饰人。由by可知,此处表示“我被深深感动”,应使用moved。5.第5句:areis。doubt在此为不可数名词,主句谓语应用单数形式。There is no doubt that.“毫无疑问”,固定句型。6.第6句:virtuevirtues。由前面的“one of.”可知,virtue应用复数形式。7.第7句:especialespecially。especially“尤其是,特别是”,常用来表示强调。8.第8句:OtherwiseTherefore。前后句为因果关系,应用therefore“因此,所以”。9.第8句:在great significance前加of。“of+抽象名词”等于该名词对应的形容词,of great significance等于very significant。10.第10句:withfrom。learn from Wang Wei意为“向王伟学习”,符合语境。四、书面表达(满分25分)(xx石家庄质检)假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Peter希望成为2022年北京冬奥会的志愿者,他向你写信询问冬奥会的相关情况,并求助怎样学好汉语。请给他回信,要点如下:1.收到来信,获悉求助;2.冬奥盛会,京张合办;3.学好汉语的两条建议。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。Dear Peter,Im glad to receive your letter,saying_Yours,Li Hua【思路点拨】本题要求写封回信,写作时应注意时态的正确性和内容要点的全面性。另外还要注意行文的逻辑性和连贯性,恰当使用较高级的词汇和较复杂的句式结构。【参考范文】Dear Peter,Im glad to receive your letter,saying you are hoping to be a volunteer in 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.Beijing has bee the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games,and it together with Zhangjiakou is the host of the 2022 Olympic Winter Games.Id like to give you two suggestions on how to learn Chinese well.First,speak a little Chinese every day.The best way to learn any new language is just to speak it.Second,attend a Chinese class or discussion group.After all,language learning settings are of great importance.If you have any further questions,please dont hesitate to write to me.Yours,Li Hua【范文点评】本范文很好地完成了写作要求,用词规范严谨,内容全面翔实,行文逻辑性强。高级泀汇together with,attend,be of importance,hesitate to do以及非谓语动词、状语从句等的运用使得范文参考性强,值得考生借鉴。