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2019-2020年高中英语必修10Module2AustraliaandNewZealand-Backgroundinformation1. A brief introduction of AustraliaAustralia has many characteristics that made it unique. For example, its flora and fauna, its nature resources, its landform, its river systems and its human characteristics. The reason why there are many physical features is because the continent was isolated from others millions of years ago. Australia has unique plants and animals. 80% of plants there cannot be seen anywhere else around the world naturally. Theyve got wet and dry sclerophyll forests, bush lands, rainforests and so on. There are special types of animals here like the marsupials and monotremes. Its because their predators and petitors do not exist there. Other animals like reptiles, amphibians, birds are very different there too. They all developed features that suits the Australia environment. Australia hasnt got a lot of water resources but there are other resources like mineral and energy which theyve got a lot. The most important mineral exports are iron ore, bauxite and so on. Most of them can be found in the western plateau region. Energy like fuel is from swamps buried millions of years ago. Australia has unique landform. Its the flattest and lowest continent on the earth. The highest mountain there (Mt. Kosciusko) is 2228 meters high. The biggest drainage basin here is the Murry-Daring drainage basin. It holds the Murry River and the Daring River and flow to the Great Australia Bright. People in Australia are very unique as well. Australia is a multi-culture country which has people from many culture backgrounds. It has the most culture diversity in the world. So as we can see, Australia is a very unique country with unique physical and human characteristics.2. A brief introduction of the Sydney Opera HouseThe Sydney Opera House is one of the most famous buildings in the world. It is considered to be one of the most recognizable images of the modern world although the building has been open for only about 30 years. The Sydney Opera House is as representative of Australia as the pyramids are of Egypt.6, 225 square meters of glass and 645 kilometers of electric cable were used to build the Opera House. It includes 1, 000 rooms. It is 185 meters long and 120 meters wide. The buildings roof sections weigh about 15 tons. It provides guided tours to 200, 000 people each year.But do you know the Opera House with a roof was designed by a famous Danish architect, Utzon? In the late 1950s the Australian Government established an appeal fund to finance the construction of the Sydney Opera House, and conducted a petition for its designs. Utzon spent a few years reworking the design and it was 1961 before he had solved the problem of how to build the distinguishing feature. In 1966 the situation reached crisis point and Utzon resigned from the project. The building was finally pleted by others in 1973. Sydney Opera House was opened by Queen Elizabeth on 20th October 1973.The Opera House reaches out into the harbor. Seen from the air, the skyline (轮廓) of the Sydney Opera House, the blue water of the harbor and the Sydney Harbor Bridge, is beautiful.3. Visit Matamata Matamata is a rural town near Hamilton in the Waikato region of the North Island of New Zealand. The total population is about 12,000, of whom about 6000 live in the township. The filming of The Lord of the Rings movies in the area created a lot of excitement and pride in the town. The Alexander farm near Matamata was used as the Hobbiton movie set in the big budget film version of The Lord of the Rings trilogy. To celebrate the launch of the first The Lord of the Rings film, the town changed its name to Hobbiton for a short time and Hobbiton burgers were on sale.Matamata has much to offer visitors. The Matamata Information Centre, under the trees on 45 Broadway, can help you plan your stay in the region. Youll be able to obtain expert and impartial advice on activities and attractions in the area and get help in finding acmodation to suit any budget. The centre is just over the railway line at the junction of State Highway 27 and State Highway 24. 4. A brief introduction of the Lord of the Rings One ring to rule them all, one ring to find them. One ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them. For decades, the words above have ignited the imaginations of more than 100 million readers around the globe. They were first read in 1954, when J.R.R.Tolkien. The Fellowship of the Ring, the first volume in his towering three-part epic, The Lord of the Rings, was published. Tolkien work was to have a profound effect on generations of readers, defining for many the archetypal struggle between good and evil, and was voted in worldwide polls the look of the Century? It set the benchmark for the modern epic in its creation of an entirely new and thrillingly vital universe. It introduced an unforgettable hero? The Hobbit Frodo Baggins ?caught up in a war of mythic proportions in Middle-earth, a world full of magic and lore. Most of all, it celebrated the power of loyal friendship and individual courage, a power that may hold at bay even the most devastating forces of darkness. Now, the legend that Tolkien imagined is finally being brought to life on the motion picture screen, an undertaking that has required nothing less than one of the most colossal movie productions ever embarked upon. The mythos, landscapes, and creatures Tolkien created are so vast and detailed in scope that it has taken more than four decades for cinema technology to reach the necessary level of sophistication to bring his universe to powerful and palpable life. Such a project would require nothing less than a visionary to take it on, and a first-ever experiment in filmmaking to make the simultaneous production of all three films possible. Tolkien epic found a passionate and dedicated shepherd in director/writer/producer Peter Jackson. For the past two years, Jackson and his devoted production team of over 2400 have been filming all over the spectacular landscapes of New Zealand. The result has been the deployment of a logistical operation on par with an intricate and wide-reaching military campaign. An army of artists including digital experts, medieval weapons designers, stone sculptors, linguists, costumers, make-up artists, blacksmiths and model builders as well as an internationally-renowned cast of actors and over 26,000 extras have gathered to make this ambitious dream e true.The result will be three separate installments released one year apart, beginning December 19, 2001, when The Fellowship of the Ring introduces to movie audiences the extraordinary world of Middle-earth.In this part of the trilogy, the young Hobbit Frodo Baggins inherits a ring; but this ring is no mere trinket. It is the One Ring, an instrument of absolute power that could allow Sauron, the dark Lord of Mordor, to rule Middle-earth and enslave its peoples. Frodo, together with a Fellowship that includes his loyal Hobbit friends, Humans, a Wizard, a Dwarf and an Elf, must take the One Ring across Middle-earth to Mount Doom, where it first was forged, and destroy it forever. Such a journey means venturing deep into territory manned by Sauron, where he is amassing his army of Orcs. And it is not only external evils that the Fellowship must bat, but also internal dissension and the corrupting influence of the One Ring itself. The course of future history is entwined with the fate of the Fellowship. New Line Cinema presents a Wingnut Films Production, The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring. The film is directed by Peter Jackson from a screenplay by Fran Walsh, Philippa Boyens and Peter Jackson based on the book by J.R.R. Tolkien. The producers are Barrie M. Osborne and Peter Jackson. The film stars Elijah Wood, Ian McKellen, Liv Tyler, Viggo Mortensen, Sean Astin, Cate Blanchett, John Rhys-Davies, Billy Boyd, Dominic Monaghan, Orlando Bloom, Christopher Lee, Hugo Weaving, featuring Sean Bean, and Ian Holm, with Andy Serkis as Gollum. The film also stars Marton Csokas, Craig Parker and Lawrence Makaoare. Casting is by John Hubbard & Amy MacLean (UK), Victoria Burrows (US), Liz Mullane (New Zealand) and Ann Robinson (Australia). Costume designers are Ngila Dickson and Richard Taylor. Music is posed, orchestrated and conducted by Howard Shore. Ellen M. Somers is the associate producer. Special makeup, creatures, armour and miniatures are by Richard Taylor. Jim Rygiel is the visual effects supervisor. The film is released worldwide by New Line Cinema. lordoftherings.
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