2019-2020年高考英语 书面表达模板教学例说复习.doc

2019-2020年高考英语 书面表达模板教学例说复习高考英语的书面表达重在考查学生运用英语语言的能力，它要求学生有全面的英语素养。近几年来，高考英语书面表达的评分标准发生了变化，对考生的表达能力也提出了更新、更高的要求。新的书面表达评分标准指出：“评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。” 然而现状却不容乐观，学生对写作往往望而却步，难以下笔，且写作质量低下，写出来的文章逻辑混乱，条理不清，缺乏连贯性。无任何高级词汇，句型结构单一。如何提高学生的写作水平，实现书面表达的有效教学呢？笔者通过多年写作教学的经历，总结出了高考书面表达的一系列模板，并进行了教学实践，取得了显著的效果。一、模板的概说所谓“模板”, 就是书面表达的套式，它是从历年高考优秀范文中提炼出来的。学生可以通过套用模板，写出各种类型的书面表达。模板就是文章的框架，有好的框架结构，文章自然不会差！模板中有各种文体的格式，必要的套式句子，各种高级句型，高级词汇，上下文衔接词等。学生只要适当地添加词、句， 就可以快速地写出一篇内容切题， 表达清楚，文字连贯，语言规范，逻辑清晰的上等作文。下面是赞成与反对类作文模板（黑体）：Dear Editor,Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether Opinions are divided on the question. Some of my classmates in favor of believe that. Whats more, However, the others think otherwise. On the one hand, On the other hand, Yours truly,我们可以将模板应用于xx年全国卷：Dear Editor, Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. Opinions are divided on the question. 40% of the students in favor of entrance fees believe that they need money to pay gardeners and other workers. Whats more, money is also needed to buy plants and young trees. But they suggest fees should be charged low. However, the others think otherwise. On the one hand, a park should be a public place for people to rest and enjoy themselves. On the other hand, if entrance fee is charged, it will bee necessary to build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city.同样， 我可以将上文中的作文模板应用于xx年全国卷III：June 3, xxDear Editor,Im writing to tell you about the discussion weve had about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Opinions are divided on the question. Some of my classmates in favor of the move believe that large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in the traffic jams. Whats more, once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However, the others think otherwise. On the one hand, built in 1906, Beijing Zoo has a history of 100 years, for which its well-known at home and abroad. On the other hand, moving may cause the death of the animals. Yours truly, Li Hua二、常用高考题型模板1、日记类Friday June 8th , xx Sunny/Rainy This fine/rainy morning witnessed an unforgettable experience I had. I was doingwhen I suddenly saw/heard/found. Meanwhile/ At the same time/ As soon as possible, . had done before I realized. . On my way back home, I think a lot about If we are always ready to extend our helping hands, the world will certainly be a better place to live in. 2、求职信类Dear Sir/Madam,(Mr./Ms.) I have just read the ad onand I am interested in being one of the Now Im writing to apply for this opportunity. I am, a girl/ boy aged I have a good mand/knowledge of . I have two-year working experience as./ I once worked as In my opinion, this job can help to do /make for/contribute to sth Id appreciate it if you could possibly consider my application. Im looking forward to your early reply and please email me at/ call 1234567. Yours sincerely, 3、调查类 Recently a survey has been done to find out . In this survey, .were interviewed. They were asked which. The survey shows that more than half of the .likemost. 26% of the students say that .are their favorite. Only are most interested in . However, the number of the students who . accounts for/makes up 12%. 4、通知类 The students of Senior Grade Three will go to. on June 10th, Sunday. We are to meet at the school gate at 6:50 am. The bus will start at 7:00am. In the morning, we will visit. Well at noon. After that, well be shown around please wear (your sports shoes), and takewith you. Dont be late.The Students UnionAnnouncementMay I have your attention, please? Im very glad to tell you what you are going to do .during your stay in . On Monday morning, Thats all. Thanks. 5、利弊类Recently its been a fashion for to do. Just as every coin has two sides, doing has its own advantages and disadvantages.Its main benefits are as follows. Firstly,.contribute to . Secondly, it can make for . Eventually, .The negative effects, however, are obvious. To begin with, owing to lack of/ lacking in ., the students. Consequently, . Moreover, .Personally, it is advisable to look before you leap./ As far as Im concerned, Whats more, .6、新旧比较类Great changes have taken place in .In the past, However, nowadays, pared with/ to / In parison with , . / On the contrary, / , while/ whereas (conj.). / paratively(adv), .7、赞成反对类Different people have different views on/about . Some people support /approve of /are for /are in favor of /agree with this opinion, saying. For one thing, . For another, (Those in favor of this opinion believe/maintain /think that.)On the other hand, others insist on not doing /many people think otherwise. (Those opposed to this opinion argue that. ) In the first place, . In the second place,.Taking all these factors into consideration/ account, we may safely e to the conclusion that. Only if /when.can we . 8、现象分析类In recent years, the problem of .has bee increasingly serious, which has aroused the concern from the whole society. Several factors can account for this problem / phenomenon. First of all,. Moreover, . In addition / Additionally, Consequently it is important that we take three measures to solve this problem. Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, 9、图表类 From the chart , we can see clearly that .declined abruptly fromto , while .increased sharply from.to . during the period between.and. Several reasons/ factors can account for this phenomenon. On the one hand, . On the other hand, . In addition, . Such changes have a significant effect on . For one thing, For another, In a word, .is beneficial to . 10、漫画议论类As is described in the picture, This picture displays .This phenomenon happens every day in our daily life. With the development of economy, but meanwhile . Actually, A is to B what C is to D. It plays an important role in peoples life and it can make our society run normally. Everyone should Only in this way can we build a healthy and harmonious society.三、模板在教学中的应用1多样表达，形成特色 虽然模板表达是一种套式,但在具体的教学中也要避免千篇一律的表达。英语语言丰富多彩，同一意义可以用多种方式表达出来。所以教师在设计模板时尽量用多种表达方式，让同学们能根据自己所需来选用适宜的句型表达。例如：1) Different people have different views. /Opinions are divided into two. /Views vary from person to person. 2) Those (who are) in favor of /who agree with /who are for / who approve of believe / think /hold /maintain /claim that3) However, the others think otherwise. /Those opposed to / who are against / who disagree with /who disapprove of /who object to argue4) On the one hand, On the other hand, / For one thing, For another, / Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly /To begin with, In the second place, Most important of all,./. Besides, / Whats more, / Moreover, / Furthermore, / In addition, 如果用排列组合的方法，那么以上的表达就可组成多种模板，学生们也就可以写出不同风格的作文。2拆分重组，灵活多变 作文模板应避免死搬硬套，可根据不同的题目要求和写作的内容将模板拆分和重组，让模板活起来，以适应更多写作要求。例如：我们可以将以上 “现象分析类” 和 “赞成与反对类”组合起来形成xx年福建高考题的写作模板:My Opinion on Cheating in ExaminationsIt is known to us all that some students cheat in examinations at school.Several factors can account for this phenomenon. First of all, as students, we have too many examinations, which are too difficult for us. On the other hand, some of us are lazy and dont work hard at their lessons. Additionally, they sometimes cheat in order to get better results to please their parents and teachers.Taking all these factors into account, we may safely e to the conclusion that it is wrong to cheat in examinations because it breaks the rules of schools. We students should be honest and try to study hard. Only if we get well prepared for examinations can we get good results.注意在拆分的过程中，也可根据题目的要求将模板作适度的修改。3. 提炼模板，妙笔生花 模板虽说是包含了各种高级句型，高级词汇及上下文衔接词，老师也可以鼓励学生自己从优秀的范文中归纳提炼出模板，并利用此模板写出新文章。下面是高一学生将关于青岛的一篇范文归纳出模板，写出了另一篇关于他们家乡的文章。关于青岛的范文：Dear Tom, Im glad to hear from you. Now I will tell you something about Qingdao. Located in the south of the Shandong Peninsula, Qingdao covers an area of more than 10,000 square kilometers and has a population of over 7 million. As a coastal city, Qingdao has a pleasant climate, neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. It is one of the best places for people to tour and its one of the major host cities of the xx Beijing Olympic Games. Besides, it is also famous for its developed industry. Some local panies, such as Haier and Hisence are known to everyone. So if you want to have a tour in China, Qingdao is beyond all doubt a good choice.Looking forward to your ing. Yours, Li Hua下面是一位学生自己根据模板写出的文章：Dear Tom, Im glad to hear from you. Now I will tell you something about Yangpu. Located in the northwest of Hainan, Yangpu covers an area of about 30 square kilometers and has a population of about 50 thousand. As a coastal city, Yangpu has a pleasant climate, neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter. It is one of the best deep-sea ports of China. Besides, it is also famous for its Free Trade Port Zone. So if you want to invest in Hainan, Yangpu is beyond all doubt a good choice.Looking forward to your ing. Yours, Li Hua在学生自己归纳模板时，教师应给予适当的指导，所选范文和所要求写的作文应相对应。学生通过应用自己归纳的模板，顺利地完成了写作任务，给他们以后的写作带来了信心。4多写多练，融会贯通 模板给学生英文写作打开了一扇大门，但如果缺乏训练与积累，模板也会失去作用。要真正提高学生们的英语写作水平，一定要多加训练，让模板成为自己的东西，并且根深蒂固。在学生积累到一定数量的模板后，量变到质变，厚积薄发，就能够融会贯通，从而举一反三，写作起来得心应手。老师除了指导学生积累模板外，还应让学生多积累高级词汇、短语及句型，让模板最终成为具有自己风格的作品。