2019-2020年高中英语Unit1Nothingventured,nothinggainedReading.doc

2019-2020年高中英语Unit1Nothingventured,nothinggainedReadingAimsTo help students develop their reading abilityTo help students learn about adventure Procedures Warming up by reading for formsOn page 1 there are three short texts. Now read the texts to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, blacken the predicative, darken the connectives and underline all the useful expressions. A spider was making its web /while Robert the Bruce was watching it /in a cave. It tried again and again /to fix its thread/ but each time/ it failed. When it finally succeeded, Robert realized that/ it had taught him a valuable lesson/ and he was inspired to continue fighting/ till he defeated the English /and gained independence/ for Scotland. He became the first Scottish king. Helen Keller was a young girl /who was unable to speak, hear /or see anything. Struggling in a world of silence/ and darkness, she seemed to be simple-minded. One day /a teacher, Anne Sullivan, came to her parents house/ and she helped Helen/ to learn /how to municate with others /using her hands. The patience /and kindness of Anne Sullivan /proved very successful /and finally /Helen became a famous writer.Beaten by Wu /in 494 BC, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, was forced to live /as a slave /in Wu /for three years. When Gou Jian returned to his homeland, he plotted to recover his lost land. He slept on firewood /and straw /to remind him of his sufferings. Before every meal /and at bedtime /he tasted a bitter gall-bladder /to strengthen his determination. Eventually/ he defeated the King of Wu.make its web, in a cave, try again and again, fix its thread, teach sb. a valuable lesson, be inspired to do, continue doing, defeat sb, gain independence for, be unable to speak, struggle in a world of silence, seem to be simple-minded, e to ones house, municate with sb., bee a famous writer, beaten by sb., in 494 BC, Gou Jian, the King of Yue, be forced to do,live as a slave, return to ones homeland, recover ones lost land, sleep on firewood, remind sb. of sth., before every meal, at bedtime, strengthen ones determinationWarming up by brain storming Chinese proverbsGood morning, class. Today is your first day of this term. And I believe you will have lots of work to do. Just as the saying goes Nothing ventures, nothing gained, you have to work still harder so that you might gain success in your studies. Now lets brainstorm some more sayings or proverbs. Chinese proverbs-A bird does not sing because it has an answer. It sings because it has a song. -A book is like a garden carried in the pocket. -A book tightly shut is but a block of paper. -A childs life is like a piece of paper on which every person leaves a mark. -A diamond with a flaw is worth more than a pebble without imperfections. -A filthy mouth will not utter decent language. -A fool judges people by the presents they give him. -A gem is not polished without rubbing, nor a man perfected without trials. -A nations treasure is in its scholars. -A rat who gnaws at a cats tail invites destruction. -Be not afraid of growing slowly, be afraid only of standing still. -Be the first to the field and the last to the couch. -Deep doubts, deep wisdom; small doubts, little wisdom. -Dig the well before you are thirsty. -Do good, reap good; do evil, reap evil. -Do not employ handsome servants. -Do not fear going forward slowly; fear only to stand still. -Do not remove a fly from your friends forehead with a hatchet. -Dont open a shop unless you like to smile. -Each generation will reap what the former generation has sown. -Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. -He who asks is a fool for five minutes, but he who does not ask remains a fool forever. -He who is drowned is not troubled by the rain. -He who strikes the first blow admits hes lost the argument. -If heaven made him, earth can find some use for him. -If you are patient in one moment of anger, you will escape a hundred days of sorrow. -If you bow at all, bow low. -If you dont want anyone to know, dont do it. Warming up by discussing Oxymoron (矛盾修辞)Today we shall read an article entitled A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE. What do you think of this title? Is there anything unusual about it?Yes, Oxymoron is used in the title. But what is Oxymoron? Oxymoron (or oxymora) are literary figures of speech usually posed of a pair of neighbouring contradictory words (often within a sentence). However this is not always the case. The Webster Dictionary defines oxymoron as a bination of contradictory or incongruous words. Oxymorons can be used for dramatic effect, for example: Hells Angels and deafening silence. They can also be ical, such as in civil engineer. Clearly this is not an oxymoron in the true and strict sense, but the suggestion that it is oxymoronic is humorous.Examples of OxymoronO miserable abundance, O beggarly riches! John Donne, Devotions on Emergent Occasions I do here make humbly bold to present them with a short account of themselves. Jonathan Swift The bookful blockhead, ignorantly read, / With loads of learned lumber in his head. Alexander Pope He was now sufficiently posed to order a funeral of modest magnificence. Samuel Johnson O anything of nothing first create! / O heavy lightness, serious vanity! / Misshapen chaos of well-seeming forms! / Feather of lead, bright smoke, cold fire, sick health! William Shakespeare Romeo and Juliet, Act 1, scene 1 It was the best of times, It was the worst of times. Charles Dickens A Tale of Two Cities Youd be surprised how much it costs to look this cheap. Dolly Parton I am always ready to learn although I do not always like being taught. Winston Churchill I have never let my schooling interfere with my education. Mark Twain I am a deeply superficial person. Andy Warhol The only new thing in this world, is the history you did not know. Harry Truman A joke is a very serious thing. Winston Churchill Melancholy is the pleasure of being sad. Victor Hugo The best cure for insomnia is to get a lot of sleep. W.C. Fields To lead the people, walk behind them. Lao-Tzu I miss the fort in being sad. Kurt Cobain Frances Farmer Will Have Her Revenge On Seattle Im so tired, I cant sleep. Kurt Cobain Pennyroyal TeaI. Pre-readingBefore we read the text, lets first get to know some facts about Australia.1. Facts of Antarctica: Antarctica, the fifth largest continent, c.5,500,000 sq mi (14,245,000 sq km), asymmetrically centered on the South Pole and almost entirely within the Antarctic Circle.2. Define expedition In tourism, a journey with few amenities, usually to a remote area, sometimes for a scientific purpose.II. Reading On page 2 there is an article entitled A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE You are going to read it to the recording. Now read the text again to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, blacken the predicative, darken the connectives and underline all the useful expressions. A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE If at first/ you dont succeed, try/ and try again. - W C Fields Perce Blackborow joined an expedition /with Sir Ernest Shackleton /to Antarctica/ on the ship Endurance /in August 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day/ and it was considered a great honour /to be part of any of his expeditions. Now /read the first part of Perces story.August 29th, 1916Slowly /I put my head out of my sleeping bag /and look around me. Everything is grey: the inside of the hut appears grey, the morning light looks grey /and the pot bubbling /on the oil stove/ is grey. The smell is, as usual, almost unbearable, being a mixture of sweat, seal oil fat, and /dirty underwear. I try to think of happier things: warm/ and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, my mothers face /and the celebration/ we will get /when we return, for I am part of a failed expedition /that tried to cross the continent of Antarctica, something/ that had never been done before. As I think of this, a black blanket drops /and covers me, almost blocking out/ the memories of happier times. I feel breathless /as I remember my rotten toes/ that had to be removed /when they became blackened/ from frost-bite. Our circumstances are so desperate/ that it is uncertain/ whether we will ever return alive. Perhaps /our bodies will be recognized and collected by some other expedition team/ many years/ from now. Just as I am about to bee self-pitying, the door/ to our shelter opens /and a blast of cold air /tears through the hut. “Shut that door!” I yell in a hoarse voice /that I hardly recognize /as my own. “Hold on now, Perce. Dont you go turning into another Tom,” es the reply. “Weve caught another penguin, so its penguin soup/ tonight!” Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man /there is, after our leader, Ernest Shackleton. How could I bee /as selfish /and bad-tempered /as Tom Orde-Lees! I struggle out of my bed /and a new day begins.When the expedition was announced, I was only twenty/ and I had always dreamed of adventure. So /it was with great excitement /one morning /in July /1914/ that I read this advertisement: Men wanted for a dangerous journey: small wages, bitter cold, months of plete darkness, and safe return uncertain. Honour /and reward will follow/ if it is successful. Sir Ernest Shackleton.An expedition /with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton /to the South Pole - I was hooked! I was an amateur/ but /I was young, fit and energetic. I secretly hid aboard the ship, Endurance, in a small cupboard. Nobody found me /until the ship had sailed /and I was suffering badly/ from seasickness. Anyhow, Shackleton seemed interested in my silly behaviour /and accepted the situation. He made me a steward/ to help cook twenty-eight meals/ three times /a day.On January 18th, 1915 /the Endurance became stuck in pack ice /(which can be solid/ or broken /into huge floating pieces of ice) as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us/ and we were well /and truly stuck! The ship was gradually crushed /in front of our eyes. I believe /Shackleton must have mourned this unexpected end /to his expedition, but /he did not waste time/ on regrets. Calling us calmly /together, he made an urgent announcement/ that we must save only essential supplies/ before the ship sank, particularly /the small boats, food, cooking equipment, candles, bedding /and clothes. To show his determination, Shackleton threw some gold coins /and his gold watch /onto the ice. But /to my surprise /he encouraged Hussey/ to bring his banjo. He described it/ as vital /for keeping us cheerful.His perseverance won our plete faith /in him. He was always honest/ with us /(as in the advertisement) /and never gave way to disappointment, even when the ship sank. On April 9th 1916, we moved to our present camp /on Elephant Island. Soon Shackleton set out the framework/ for our life here: no differences /in rank /or in social status; everyone to keep busy; a fair division of food/ and bedding; and a concern for all. This team-spirit contributed to the morale of the crew /and saved our lives.Once we were settled on Elephant Island, Shackleton explained his plan/ to save us: twenty-two of us were to remain here/ and he would select five others /to go to South Georgia /and bring help. No rescue attempt could be expected from outside/ as nobody knew /where we were. I will never forget watching the little boat/ disappear through the booming waves/ into the stormy ocean. We/ who remained on Elephant Island/ swore that /we would do /as he advocated: remain optimistic /and recover our health /before he returned to rescue us. III. Copying the expressions from the textat first, try again, join an expedition with sb., on the ship Endurance, one of the most famous explorers of ones day, considera great honour, be part of, put ones head out of, look around, the inside of, appear grey, look grey, on the oil stove, as usual, a mixture of sweat, think of, be part of a failed expedition, cross the continent of Antarctica, block out, feel breathless, sothat, return alive, be about to do, a blast of, tear through, yell in a hoarse voice, hardly recognize as my own, hold on, go doing, turn into, as selfish and bad-tempered as, struggle out of, dreamed of adventure, with great excitement, want for a dangerous journey, months of plete darkness, safe return uncertain, hide aboard the ship, in a small cupboard, suffer from seasickness, seem interested in, make sb. a steward, three times a day, stick in pack ice, floating pieces of ice, in front of, waste time on, make an urgent announcement, save supplies, cooking equipment, show ones determination, throwonto, to ones surprise, describe as, keep sb cheerful, win ones plete faith in sb., be honest with sb., give way to disappointment, move to, set out, no differences in rank, in social status, keep busy, contribute to, save ones lives. settle on Elephant Island, bring help, be expected from outside, forget doing, watch disappear through, the booming waves, into the stormy ocean, remain optimistic, recover ones health, return to rescue sb.IV. Transferring informationRead the text again to plete the table with information from the text.TimeLocationWhoEventsAugust 29th, 1916In an expedition to Antarctica on the ship Endurance Perce Blackborow, Sir Ernest Shackleton and othersOn January 18th, 1915 the Endurance became stuck in pack ice (which can be solid or broken into huge floating pieces of ice) as they approached Antarctica.V. Closing down by reading about W. PERCE BLACKBOROWW. PERCE BLACKBOROWBORN: PILLGWENTLY. NEWPORT. WALESDIED: MAESGLAS GROVE. NEWPORT. WALESNICKNAME : BLACKIEDUTY : STEWARD PHOTO TAKEN NOT LONG AFTER HIS ARRIVAL HOME FROM HOSPITAL IN PUNTA ARENAS.Awarded Bronze Polar Medal Perce Blackborow is famed for being probably the only person ever to stowaway on an Antarctic expedition. He was only 19 years of age when he met up with an American sailor, William Bakewell, and they both found themselves in Buenos Aires without a ship. Bakewell was accepted as a seaman on the Endurance by Shackleton , but Perce was refused due to his young age and lack of seamanship. At the time he was discovered on board the Endurance the ship was already three days sailing out of South Georgia. Shackleton really had no option but to offer him a position as steward. If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first! , said Shackleton. Perce did not let Shackleton down and he was awarded the honour of being the first person ever to set foot on Elephant Island. Due to severe frostbite to his toes he actually crawled ashore rather than walked. After the expedition, Perce spent three months hospitalised in Punta Arenas, Chile, recovering from the frostbite damage sustained to his left foot, which had resulted in the surgeons Macklin and McIllroy having to amputate his toes on Elephant Island on 15th June 1916. Perce it seems was a modest man, for upon returning home to Wales he avoided the weling home party waiting for him at the local railway station by going across the tracks and out the other side of the station. He soon volunteered to join The Royal Navy but was turned down because of the lack of digits on his left foot. He was however, accepted into The Merchant Navy and served until 1919 and went on to bee a dock boatman in the Alexandra Docks, Newport.and also fished to help to support his family. He married a local girl, Kate Kearns and they settled in Maesglas, Newport. Their marriage produced six children .Jack, Jim, Peggy, Ken, Joan and Phillip. Unfortunately Phillip died in infancy and Jack died aged just 9 years. Additional Materialsplete the summary of the text with one word in each blank.Sir Ernest Shackleton -We didnt expect a feather bed down here.Shackleton, _1_ Ernest Henry (1874-1922), Irish _2_, born in Kilkee. In 1901 he sailed _3_ his first expedition _4_ Antarctica, _5_ British explorer Robert Falcon Scott. _6_ 1907 Shackleton _7_ an attempt _8_ reach the South Pole. He came _9_ 179 km (111 mi) of his goal _10_ January 9, 1909. From 1914 _11_ 1916 he attempted _12_ to reach the Ross Sea _13_ the Weddell Sea _14_ crossing the Antarctic continent. _15_ 1921 Shackleton undertook a _16_ 48,280-km (30,000-mi) voyage _17_ the South Atlantic Ocean, _18_ he died before it was pleted.(Key: 1. Sir 2.explorer 3.on 4.to 5. with 6. In 7manded 8.to 9.within 10.on 11. to 12. unsuccessfully 13. from 14.by 15. In 16.final 17. in 18. but )Notes to the difficult sentences1. I try to think of happier things: warm and dry clothes, a cosy bedroom, sunny days, my mothers face and the celebration we will get when we return, for I am part of a failed expedition that tried to cross the continent of Antarctica, something that had never been done before. 我试着想到较快乐的事物: 温暖的和干燥的衣服，一间舒适的卧室, 阳光充足的日子, 我母亲的脸和我们归还的时候我们将会经历的庆祝活动。因为我是企图越过南极洲的失败的远征的一部份，在此以前人们从未做过此事。for前后是并列关系，for是并列连词。 并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, bothand, not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor, (and)then等等。 2. Bless Frank Wild, the kindest man there is, after our leader, Ernest Shackleton.祝福法兰克荒野,他是仅次于我们的领袖欧内斯特沙克尔顿之后最亲切的男人。句中there前有一个停顿，因为这里的“there is”不是“存在结构”。 这句话可以改成： Bless Frank Wild, who is the kindest man there, after our leader, Ernest3. Men wanted for a dangerous journey: small wages, bitter cold, months of plete darkness, and safe return uncertain. Honour and reward will follow if it is successful. Sir Ernest Shackleton. 征求尝试危险旅程的男人: 薪水不高,天气很冷,数月黑暗,安全未知。 成功，则光荣和酬谢将至。欧内斯特沙克尔顿爵士。这是一则广告，其中的语法结构有省略现象。可以改写为：Men is wanted for a dangerous journey. He will receive small wages and experience bitter cold and months of plete darkness. And safe return is uncertain. Honour and reward will follow if it is successful. Sir Ernest Shackleton.4. I secretly hid aboard the ship, Endurance, in a small cupboard. 我秘密地登上“忍耐”号，躲藏在一个小的食橱中。hid aboard是一个短语动词， hide构成的短语动词还有：be on a hiding to nothing， (British, informal) to be in a situation where it is impossible to succeed. We were on a hiding to nothing trying to get more money out of the government. cover/hide a multitude of sins (humorous) if something hides a multitude of sins, it prevents people from seeing or discovering something bad. Big sweaters are warm and practical and they hide a multitude of sins. havent seen hide nor hair of someone/something (informal)if you have not seen hide nor hair of someone or something, you have not seen them for a period of time. I havent seen hide nor hair of her since last Sunday, and Im beginning to get rather worried. (often + since) hide your light under a bushelto avoid letting people know that you are good at something, usually because you are shy. I didnt realize you could play the piano - youve been hiding your light under a bushel. (often in continuous tenses) hide a multitude of sins to prevent people from noticing something bad. Im a messy eater, so I always wear black - it hides a multitude of sins. hide your head in the sand to refuse to think about an unpleasant situation. Teachers cant just hide their heads in the sand and not try to find out why students arent doing better.5. On January 18th, 1915 the Endurance became stuck in pack ice (which can be solid or broken into huge floating pieces of ice) as we approached Antarctica. 当我们接近南极洲的时候，“忍耐”号在1915年1月18日被困于大块的浮冰之中(实心的浮冰或分解为大块的浮冰)。became stuck 是被动语态，注意它的翻译技巧。被动结构的翻译方法，主要有如下几种：1.化被动为主动 ：THE TIMES is read by the people who run the country; THE GARDIAN is read by the people who would like to run the coun