2019-2020年高中英语 Chapter3 SB I Units5-6教案 新人教版必修1.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 Chapter3 SB I Units5-6教案 新人教版必修1重点句型1. While still a student, she played roles in many plays. 连词 + 名词做时间状语2. When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said 连词+过去分词做时间状语3. When drinking to someones health, you raise your glasses. 连词 + 现在分词做时间状语4. Its a custom in China to have some tea before the meal is served. It 做形式主语5. Many people like this film not just because., but also because. 并列连词6. Having good table manners means knowing. 动名词做主宾语重点词汇1. ment v. 评论2. marry v. 结婚3. create v. 创造4. attack v. 进攻5. cruelty n. 残酷6. escape v. 逃跑7. advice n. 忠告；建议8. afford v. 花得起(钱、时间)9. encourage v. 鼓励10. research n. 研究11. interrupt v. 打断；打扰12. apologize v. 道歉13. pray v. 请求；祈祷14. forgive v. 原谅；宽恕15. match v. 相配；相适应16. manners n. 礼貌17. impression n. 印象18. live adj. & adv. 活的；直播的(地)19. custom n. 习惯；风俗20. introduce vt. 介绍；引进重点短语1. take off 脱掉；起飞；成功2. go wrong 出错；出问题3. cant help doing 情不自禁做某事4. take ones place 代替某人5. run after 追逐；追踪6. win a prize 获奖7. think highly of 赞扬；对高度评价8. call for 需要；索取9. in all 总共10. play a role 扮演角色(作用)11. make money 挣钱12. win over 争取过来13. work on 从事，致力于14. owe success to 把成功归功于某人15. start with 以开始16. run away from school逃学17. on the air 正在播出的18. do research 进行调查19. speed up 加速20. follow the fashion 追随时尚短语闯关下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填入一个正确的词，每个词4分，80分才能过关。你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?l. _ screen 银幕，电影(业)2. take _ 成功；成名；脱掉(衣服)；(飞机)起飞3. _ wrong 走错路；误入歧途；不对头；出毛病4. owe sth _ sb 把归功于某人5. _ all 总共；总之6. stay _ 不在家，外出7. _ school 小学8. lock sb _ 将某人锁于某处不得进出；将某人监禁起来9. run _ 追赶10. bring sb _ 送回某人11. _ the air正在播出的12. think highly _ 对高度评价13. leave _ 省去；遗漏；不考虑14. stare _ 盯着15. make _ about sb 以某人为笑柄16. drink (a toast) _ 为祝酒；为干杯17. win _ 战胜18. _ ments on对加以评论19. look sb _ 看望，拜访某人20. _ a role in 在中扮演角色；在方面起作用21. _ a prize获奖22. to sb for (doing) sth因某事向某人道歉23. make a good impression _ 给留下好印象24. _ silent 保持沉默25. pay a visit _ 拜访交际用语1. What do you think has happened?2. What do you know about?3. How do you like? / What do you think of? / What db you feel.?4. May I interrupt you for a moment?5. Excuse me / Forgive me for. / I apologize for6. Im (very / so / terribly) sorry. Its all my fault.7. Thats all right. / Thats OK. / No problem.8. I wish you all the best.9. Im sorry. I didnt mean to.10. Lets drink (a toast) to.!单词聚焦1. afford (1) (和can，could，be able to连用) 有 (时间、经济等) 条件(做某事) + to do We cant afford to pay such a price. afford + n. / pron. (出得起；买得起等) They donot consider whether they can afford it or not. (2) 经得起 (做某事或发生某事) (多+to do) He could not afford to lose his fortune entirely.2. apologize的用法 构词：apology n. 辩解，道歉 搭配： apologize to sb for (doing) sth = make an apology的 sb for (doing) sth向某人为某事(为做了某事)道歉 apologize for oneself 为自己辩解或辩护【考例】NMET 1993The captain _ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather. A. made B. said C. put D. passed考查目标 apologize及其名词的用法和搭配。答案与解析A make an apology的意思是“道歉”。3. choice的用法搭配： make a choice 选择 make choice of 挑选，选择，选定 make / take ones choice 任意挑选 have no choice but to do sth 非不可，除之外别无他法【考例】MET 1993 Weve missed the last bus, Im afraid we have no _ but to take a taxi. A. way B. choice C. possibility D. selection考查目标 choice的意思和习惯搭配。答案与解析B choice是choose的名词形式意思是“选择”，在本句中构成固定搭配have no choice but todo sth“不得不干”。4. determine的用法 构词：determination n. 决心，决断，决意；决定，确定 搭配： determine to do sth 决定做某事 determine on / upon (doing) sth 决定 a man of determination 有决断力的人 辨析：decide；determine这两个词都有“决定”的意思。decide的含义是“不再迟疑不定”，而determine含义是“把某件事确定下来”。在be determined to do这个固定的结构中。过去分词determined的词义为“下定了决心”。decide的名词为decision，determine的名词为determination。例如：At first，she decided to go to the police，起初，她决定去找警察 友情提示: decide后跟宾语从句时，其含义有时是“断定”。I decided that I must have taken a wrong turning somewhere. 我断定我一定是在某处拐错弯了。The determination of the meaning of a word is often difficult without a context. 脱离上下文来确定一个词的含义常常是困难的。注：在determine to do.，determine on (upon). 和determine that.。(宾语从句)三个搭配中，determine的词义和decide几乎没有多大差异。He determined / decided to learn medicine. 他决定学医。注：decide sb to do sth 决定使某人做某事What decided you to give up your job? 什么因素使你决定放弃你的工作?【考例】xx京皖春招 Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must _ the parts that are wrong. A. check B. determine C. correct D. recover考查目标determine的用法。答案与解析B determine和decide在一般情况下意思相同。5. encourage的用法 构词： encouraging adj. 鼓励的，给予希望的，振奋人心的。令人欢欣鼓舞的 encouraged adj. 被激励的，受到鼓舞的 encouragement n. 鼓励，激励 discourage v. 使泄气；劝阻 搭配： encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 be encouraged by 受鼓励鼓舞【考例】 xx北京My advisor encouraged _a summer course to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take考查目标 encourage的用法。答案与解析D encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人干某事。句意为：我的导师鼓励我参加一个夏季课程来提高我的写作技巧。6. escape (vi, vt ) escaped, escaping (1) 逃走；跑掉 + from / out of = run away from The soldier escaped from the enemys prison. (2)逃脱；逃避 + n. / doing He narrowly escaped death / being killed. Theres no way to escape doing the work. escape还可表示：（液体等）漏出 gas escaping from the pipe 煤气从管中漏出Water escaped rapidly from the drainpipe. 水从排水管中迅速流出。 避免escaped death 免于一死There is no escaping him. 怎么也避不开他。 疏忽，忽略 Nothing escaped his attention. 什么也逃不过他的注意。 You cannot expect that something may escape the teachers attention. 你不要奢望有什么能逃过老师的注意。escape n 逃走The thief made his escape. 小偷逃走了。 （气体）漏出，泄出；解闷She reads love stories as an escape. 她读爱情小说解闷。7. hunt的用法 构词：hunter n. 猎人，搜寻者 搭配： hunt for / after追猎；寻找，搜寻 hunt out 找出；调查出【考例】He wandered in the street, _ a new jacket for his nephew. A. hunting for B. waiting for C. shooting for D. aiming for考查目标本题考查hunt for的意思。答案与解析A hunt for原来是“猎取”的意思，引中为“搜寻，寻找”。8. impression n. 印象 (1) impression (on sb.) (给某人)印象His speech made a strong impression on his audience. (2) impression (of sth.) (对某事物)印象；想法Thats my first impression of the new college. (3) impress sb. with sth. 给予某人深刻印象 = impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记 The teacher impressed on his students the importance of speaking. = The teacher impre- ssed his students with the importance of speaking.9. interrupt的用法vt, vi 阻断；中断 Dont interrupt me. 别打断我。Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。 打岔；插嘴 It is rude to interrupt. 打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。 “Dont interrupt,” he said.“别插话, ”他说。构词： interrupter n. 打岔者，打断者 interruption n. 打岔打断，使中断的事物【考例】xx山西模拟 Be quiet! Its rude to _ people when they are talking. A. stop B. introduce C. prevent D. interrupt考查目标 interrupt的词义。答案与解析D interrupt的意思是“打断；使中断”后接指人或指物的各种名词。10. marry (1) vi. 结婚 He didnt marry until he was fifty. (2) vt. 和结婚 Jean is going to marry Hubert. (3) vt. (父母)嫁(女儿) He married his daughter to a businessman. (4) vt. (教士等) 为主持结婚仪式 Weve e to ask if you will marry them. 比较 (1) get married (to sb.) 强调动作 His oldest girl got married last month. (2) be married (to sb.) 强调状态 How long have you been married?11. moment的用法 n. 片刻；瞬间 He will be here in a moment. 他一会儿就来。At the moment I am working. 此刻我正在工作。 时机；机遇；时宜 Choose your moment to visit him. 你选个合适的时机去拜访他。 重要性 a matter of great moment 一件极重要的事情搭配： at any moment 随时；在任何时候；马上 at the last moment 在最后关头 at the moment 此刻；(正当)那时 every moment 时时刻刻 for a moment 片刻 in a moment 一会儿，不久；立即，马上 the moment(that). 一就【考例】NMET xx II Can I? I dont think I can, Racy said with a laugh. But I do have _ when things e to me for no reason. A. events B. chances C. feelings D. moments考查目标 moment的词义。答案与解析 D moment可以指“时刻”，在本句中用了复数，意思是“一些次”。12. owe的用法owed, owing 搭配：（常与for连用）欠，欠债I owe you for your help.我感谢你的帮助。(也可以是owe sth.或owe sb. sth) The food cost 4 , but I only paid 3 so I still owe 1. 食品要4英镑，可我只付了3英镑，因此我还欠1英镑。I owe you an apology. 我该向你道歉。 owe sb sth for sth 或 owe sth to sb for sth 为欠某人 对负有义务；感恩；感激We owe our parents a lot. 我们十分感激父母。（常与to连用）归功于；由于She owes her success to good luck. 她把成功归功于幸运。The young writer owed his success to his teachers encouragement. 年轻作家把自己的成功归于他老师的鼓励。【考例】xx湖北 How much do I _ you? Oh, no, Paul said. A. Owe B. lend C. give D. offer考查目标考查owe的词义和用法。答案与解析A owe表示“欠”的时候是及物动词，可以接双宾语。13. reason n. 原因；理由 (1) + to do sth. You havent any reason to leave me.(2) + for sth. / doing People must have a reason for saying such things.(3) + 从句；从句用why / for which引导 That is the reason why you should leave.(4) for + reason，为了某种原因He is retiring for reasons of health.比较 cause“原因；起因” the cause of the fire 火灾的起因(引起某种后果的起因) the reason for being late 迟到的理由(做某件事的理由)14. role (1) (戏剧中的) 角色Oliver played (acted) the role / part of Hamlet. (2) (现实生活中的) 身份；作用 What is your role on the mittee?(3) play a.role in. = play a.part in在中扮演角色或作用The headmaster plays an important role / part in the good running of a school.15. serve v. (1) 为服务工作 A slave serves his master. (2) 接待(顾客) The shop assistant is serving a customer. (3) 侍候吃饭，端(菜)；供应(饭菜) Lunch is served now. (4) serve as 充任(某职务)作用 She served as a model for several painters. / This box will serve as / for a seat.16. speed的用法搭配： at a high speed 以很大的速度 at full / top speed 用全速，开足马力，尽力(快)地； with great / an speed 用全速，开足马力 speed up 加速，快点【考例】We had tried our best but the boss still shouted, _! A. Speed up B. No hurry C. Wait a minute D. Slow down考查目标本题考查speed及其构成的短语的意思。答案与解析A speed up意思是“加速，快点”的意思。17. stare的用法 vi, vt - stared, staring 凝视，注视He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant. 他盯着这个单词，努力想记起它的意思。习惯用语 stare one in the face 近在眼前；摆在眼前辨析：gaze；stare；glare这组动词的一般含义是“凝视”。gaze表示“目不转睛地看”，并含有“惊叹”、“羡慕”或“入迷”的意思。例如：She gazed at the carpet for some time, and then added, You dont need bookcases at all. 她对地毯凝视了一会儿，然后补充说：“你根本不需要书柜。”stare 特别表示“睁大眼睛凝视”，并含有“惊奇”、“傲慢” 或“茫然”的意思。例如：The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. 那位贵族对那张空白纸凝视了几秒钟。glare 表示“凶狠而且带有威胁性的瞪眼睛”的意思。例如：The trapped eagle glared at his captors. 被诱捕到的雄鹰凶狠地瞪着捕获它的人。【考例】NMET xx _ him and then try to copy what he does. A. Mind B. Glance at C. Stare at D. Watch考查目标 stare 等近义词辨别。答案与解析D watch意思是“观察”，是长时问关注；而stare at却是“盯着”。含有惊奇、傲慢的感情色彩。18. trouble (1) 麻烦；烦恼；烦心的事 (可数，不可数) It is a pity to give you so much trouble. / Life is full of troubles. (2) 困难；费事 (不可数) have trouble with sth. / have trouble (in) doing sth. (= difficulty) Did you have much trouble in finding the post office? / I hope you wont have any trouble with the work. 相关短语 (1) ask for trouble 自寻烦恼；自找麻烦 What made you write such a letter? It was asking for trouble. (2) (be) in trouble 有烦事；有困难；出事；惹麻烦 He never came except when he was in trouble. (3) put sb. to trouble 给某人造成麻烦；增添麻烦 I am sorry for putting you to so much trouble. (4) take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事；费心 It was good of you to take the trouble to help us.牛刀小试1 用所给单词的适当形式填空：(speed，owe，encourage，decide，moment，apologize)1. will never forget the _ given by Mr. Wang, which helped me overe a lot difficulty.2. I have made a _that every department in our pany should buy a puter of this kind.3. I recognized the man the _ I saw him at the corner. 4. Since it was a bit later，we had to _ up.5. We must _ our success to our parents and teachers.6. The parents came from the far-away village, making an _ for their naughty son.词语比较1. win, beat, defeat 表示获胜、取胜的词语 (1) win v. 赢，获胜，接比赛或奖项 win a game / a prize / an honor / a race. / Our team won the game 8 to 7. / He won by five points. / He won her love at last. / He won the first place in the petition. (2) beat + 对手，表打败(尤指体育比赛) I can easily beat him at golf. (3) defeat 表战胜，接对手The enemy was defeated in the battle.2. in the end, finally, at last 三者均可表示“(经过周折、等待、耽误)最后，终于”之意。不同的是：finally 一般用在句中动词前面，而 at last 与 in the end 的位置则较为灵活；三者中at last 语气最为强烈，且可单独作为感叹句使用。After putting it off three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Dalian. / At last he knew the meaning of life. / At last! Where on earth have you been? / But in the end he gave in. 另外，finally还可用在列举事项时，引出最后一个内容，相当于lastly。 Firstly, we should make a plan; secondly, we should carry it out; finally we should make a conclu- sion.3. by sea, by the sea, in the sea, on the sea, at sea (1) by sea “走海路，乘船”，用来表示交通方式，同 by ship 同义。 These heavy boxes should be sent by sea. (2) by the sea “在海边”，相当于 by (at) the seaside。The children enjoyed themselves by the sea on Childrens Day. (3) in the sea “在海里，在海水中” There are many plants and animals in the sea. (4) on the sea “在海面上”，“在海岸边”。I want to live in a town with a beautiful position on the sea. (5) at sea 在海上；在航海 When he woke up, the ship was at sea.4. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing) sth. (1) be afraid 意为“担心，害怕”，多用于口语，常用来表示一种歉意，或遗憾，后可接 so 或 not，也可接 that 从句。Im afraid (that) 其语意相当于 Im sorry, but.。 - Are we on time? 我们准时吗? - Im afraid not. 恐怕不准时。Im afraid youll get caught in the rain. (2) be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于胆小而不敢做某事”。She is afraid to be here alone. / He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge. (3) be afraid of (doing) sth. 常表示“担心或害怕某事(发生)”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings.5. live, living, alive, lively (1) live adj. 活的；活生生的；(只修饰生物；只作前置定语) The laboratory is doing experiments with several live monkeys. 实况直播的 (不是录音)It wasnt a recorded show. It was live. 带电的；燃着的；可爆炸的 This is a live wire. (2) living adj. 活着的，有生命的(作表语或定语) She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. / The old man is still living. (或alive) (3) alive adj. 活着的； 有活力的；有生气 作后置定语：Whos the greatest man alive? 作表语：Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people. 作补语：Lets keep the fish alive. (4) lively adj. 活泼的；有生气的；活跃的(作表语或定语) The music is bright and lively.6. take off, take down, take in, take on, take up (1) take off (飞机)起飞 A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up or down. 脱下(衣裳等)；取下 He took off his wet shoes. / Who took the knob off the door? 休假；请假；歇工 When his wife was sick he took off from work. (指观念、产品) 大受欢迎；(事业)突然发达，成功The new type of cell phones has really taken off. / His business began to take off when he was in his forties. (2) take down 拿下来；取下来 He reached up to the third shelf of the bookcase and took down a dictionary. 记下来 He read out the names and his secretary took them down. (3) take in 接受 (房客，客人等)；收留 The farmers took in the lost travelers for the night. 理解；领会；明白 The boys could not take in his meaning. 包括；涉及 The study of physics takes in many different subjects. 使上当；欺骗We were pletely taken in by her story. (4) take on 接受；从事(某工作) After his father died, Bill took on the management of the factory. 雇用Is the supermarket taking on any more assis- tant? 具有(新面貌、意思等) The city has taken on a new look. (5) take up 从事某项活动；发展某种爱好 So many young men want to take up writing. 开始做(某项工作)；开始学习(某个课程) Then she took up the task of getting the breakfast. / He dropped medicine and took up physics. 占去 (时间或空间) The meeting took up the whole morning. / The table takes up too much room. 接受Id like to take up your offer of a ride into town.7. call for, call on, call up (1) call for 来找(某人)；来取(某物) Ill call for you at your house. 要求；需要Success in school calls for much hard work. (2) call on call on / upon sb. 拜访；去会(某人) I hope to call on you at your office at 3 oclock today. call on / upon sb. to do sth. 请叫某人做某事He called upon me to speak immediately. 号召；呼吁；要求 The President called on his people to serve the country. (3) call up 给打电话 (英 ring up) I tried to call you up last night, but no one answered the phone. 征召入役；调用 (后备部队) Three boys in our street were called up last week.8. too much, much too (1) too much “太多”之意，可以作形容词，修饰不可数 名词，也可作副词，修饰动词。 There is too much rain here in spring. / She talked too much at the meeting. (2) much too “简直太，过于”，只能作副词，用来修饰 形容词或别的副词，不能修饰动词。This book is much too difficult for me. / The old man walks much too slowly.9. custom, habit (1) custom 指传统风俗、习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接不定式。They broke some of the old customs. / It is the custom in China to eat dumplings during the spring Festival. (2) habit 指个人生活习惯。“(有)养成习惯”常 用be in / fall into / get into / form / have the habit of doing sth. 句型；“戒掉习惯”常用 give up / kick / break away from / get out of the habit of doing sth. 句型。Its easy to get into a bad habit but its hard to give it up. / The drug easily get one into the habit of smoking.10. arise, rise, raise raise vt.“使上升；升起；提高”等；rise vi.“上升；升起”；arise vi.“站起来(stand up)”，“起床(get up)”，rise和arise用作站起，起床都属正式用法；arise主要表示“出现、发生”等意思。She raised her voice in anger. (抬高) The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground. (刮起) The child rose from the ground and ran to his mother. (=The child raised himself from the ground and ran to his mother.) (爬起) She rises before it is light. (起床) Difficulties will arise as we do the work. (出现)短语归纳1. cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事，不由得不做某事 She couldnt hep smiling. 比较 (1) cant help but do 不得不；不能不 When the streets are full of melting snow, you cant help but get your shoes wet. (2) cannot but 不能不，只能He could not but feel disappointed.归纳(1) help (sb.) (to) do sth. Help me get him back to bed at once. / By helping them we are helping save ourselves.(2) help.with sth. 帮助做某事 In those days he used to help her mother with her gardening. (3) help oneself / sb. to sth. 给自己 / 别人夹菜 / 拿烟 等；擅自拿用 May I help you to some more vegetables? (4) help.in sth. 在方面帮助某人 She offered to help Rose in the housekeeping when I am not here. (5) help out 帮忙 (做事；克服困难等) Ive often helped Bob out when hes been a bit short of money.2. 含go的短语 go around 到处走跑(疾病)流传，(谣言)传开；go after 追求；go ahead 说吧，请吧，做吧；go away 离开，出去 go back 走网头路，翻悔改变；go bad 变坏；go boating 去划船 go fishing 去钓鱼；go for a walk去 散步 go hiking 去徒步旅行；go home 回家 go in for 喜爱，从事于；go into 进入，加入 go mad 发疯 go off 离去，去世；go on 继续，进展，依据；go on doing 继续做；go out 出去，发出去，熄灭，不时兴；go over 研究，检查，搜查 go shopping 去商店；go skating 去滑冰；go straight along 沿着；go swimming 去游泳 go through 通过，经受，仔细检查；go to bed 上床 go up 上升 go wrong 走错路，误入歧途例句 Well go through the items one by one. 我们要逐条研究。She has gone back to her old habits. 她又回到了已往的习惯。e on Sunday by yourself - we can go over the house together. 星期天你要过来我们一起检查一下房子。His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep. 他的演讲持续很长时间，结果人们开始想睡。That expression has gone out. Nobody Uses it today. 那个短语已经过时了，现在没有人在用它。The young fellow hasnt realized that he has gone wrong. 这个年轻人还没有意识到他已经误入歧途。Tired of going shopping with his wife，Mr. Liu pretended to have something important to do. 厌烦与妻子一起去购物，刘先生假装有重要的事情要做。【考例2】(xx北京) I dont _ rock n roll. Its much too noisy for my taste. A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go in for考查目标 此题主要考查四个动词短语的意思。答案与解析D go after 追求；go away with 带走；go into进入，加入；go in for 喜爱，爱好。根据句子意思“摇滚音乐太嘈杂。不合乎我的口味所以我不喜欢”。【考例】(NMET xx) Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out考查目标此题主要考查四个短语的意思。答案与解析 D put up 挂起；give in 屈服；turn on 打开；go out 熄灭。本句话意思是“没有人注意到贼溜进了屋子，因为灯碰巧熄灭了”。3. go wrong (1) 走错路；弄错方向 (2) 失败；不顺利All ou