2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习 Unit6 Good manners教案 人教大纲版.doc

2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习 Unit6 Good manners教案 人教大纲版考纲要求： 考纲规定的考试范围:1. 重点单词与短语interrupt; apology; apologize; fault; introduce; forgive; culture; manners; impression; behave; roll; dessert; custom; course; raise; advice; spirit; mix; extra; stare.； be afraid to do sth.; cant help doing; together with; leave out; stare at; make jokes about sb.; mean to do; mean doing; start with; ask for.2. 句型Its a custom in China to have some tea before the meal is served. It 做形式主语I guess it wasnt really your fault, was it? 主从句的反意疑问句You are looking two seats to sit down , but there are none. 如何表示数量上没有I am sorry, I didnt mean to 表示道歉的方法When you see two spoons, the big one is for the soup and the small one for the desert. 省略的用法How about you? 如何询问对方的情况Having good table manners means knowing, 动名词做主语的用法3. 语法：The Attributive Clause()(1)能够用英语描述人物、事件、时间、地点、原因等-使用限制性定语从句。(2)能够用英语对特定的人物、事件、时间、地点等做补充说明-使用非限制性定语从句。 复习本章要达到的目标1. 掌握interrupt; apology; apologize; fault; introduce; forgive; manners; impression; behave; custom; course; raise; advice; spirit; extra; stare.； be afraid to do sth.; cant help doing; together with; leave out; stare at; make jokes about sb.; mean to do; mean doing; start with; ask for等重点单词及短语的用法。2. 掌握It 做形式主语的用法；动名词做主语的用法；主从句的反意疑问句的表达方法和如何询问对方的情况等用法。教材知识归纳知识归纳1.Excuse me, may I interrupt you for a moment? (1)interrupt的用法vt, vi 阻断；中断 The war interrupted the trade between the two countries. 战争中断了两国间的贸易。Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。打岔；插嘴Its not polite to interrupt a speaker. 打断别人说话是不礼貌的。Dont interrupt; let him go on speaking. 别插嘴，让他继续说。派生词：(1)interrupter n. 打岔者，打断者(2) interruption n. 打岔打断，使中断的事物注意：interrupt, disturb与bother的区别 (1)interrupt意为“打断，使中断”常含有主动之意。She interrupted me to ask a question.她打断我的话，问我一个问题。（2）disturb则意为“打扰，使不安”。Alight wind disturbed the surface of the lake.微风吹拂湖面。(3）bother 指使人烦恼而引起的不安或感到不耐烦，也可指“麻烦”。Will it bother you if I turn on the TV?我开电视不会吵着你吧？(2). moment的搭配： at any moment 随时；在任何时候；马上You can turn to me for help at any moment.在任何时候你都可以向我求助。 at the last moment 在最后关头At the last moment, he gave up.在最后关头，他放弃了。 at the moment 此刻；(正当)那时At the moment I am working. 此刻我正在工作。 in a moment 一会儿，不久；立即，马上He will be here in a moment. 他一会儿就来。 for a moment 片刻For a moment he didnt know what to do.有一会儿他不知道该怎么做。 the moment(that). 一就2.What does Bill say to apologise for losing the bike?apologize的用法派生词：apology n. 辩解，道歉I owe you an apology for my rudeness last night.昨天晚上我太粗暴,应该向你道歉。相关归纳 ：(1) apologize to sb for (doing) sth = make an apology to sb for (doing) sth向某人为某事(为做了某事)道歉He apologized to her for not going to her party.= He made an apology to her for not going to her party.他因为没有出席她举行的宴会而向她表示歉意。(2) apologize for oneself 为自己辩解或辩护When the teacher scolded her, she began to apologize for herself.当老师责备她的时候，她开始为自己辩护。3.I guess it wasnt really your fault, was it?当陈述部分是主从复句时，疑问部分中的动词和代词应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致，而不是和从句中的动词和主语保持一致。They know that he is from England, dont they? It was the first time that I had seen such an interesting film， wasnt ?He fell off the horse when a dog ran in front of them suddenly, didnt he?但是在宾语从句中当主句部分是表示第一人称的主观看法时，疑问部分中的动词和代词应和从句中的动词和主语保持一致，而不是和主句中的动词和主语保持一致。I think you are from America, arent you?I believe he can do it well, cant he?4. You ask him to introduce you to the man.introduce的用法 vt.(1)介绍,引见(introduce sb. to sb.)It was my younger brother who introduced me to jazz.是我的弟弟介绍我听爵士乐的。Allow me to introduce my friend Miss Wood to you.允许我向你介绍我的朋友伍德小姐。(2)引进;传入;采用(introduce sth. To sth. )Coffee was introduced into England from the Continent.咖啡是从欧洲大陆传入英国的。(3)提出;制定;推行The vice chairman of the mittee introduced a topic for discussion.委员会副主席提出议题供大家讨论。(4)作为.的开始;引出He introduced his speech with an anecdote.他说了一则轶闻作为讲话的引子。派生词：introduction的主要义项有：介绍；引见；引进；推行；序言；引言。5. You are looking for two seats to sit down with your friends, but there are none.none的用法：pron.(1) 一点儿也没;一个也没I wanted some more cold meat but there was none left.我想再吃些冷盘肉,可是一点也不剩了。He had none of his brothers boldness.他一点都不像他哥哥那样有魄力。(2)没有任何人(或物)（常与of 短语连用，做主语是谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数）None of the telephones are/is working.所有的电话都坏了。None of them speak(s) English.他们都不会讲英语。注意：none与nothing的区别(1)none强调人或物在某一特定范围内在数量上没有，没有一个。常可以做how many和how much 的答语Have you bought any clothes？你买衣服了？ None一件也没买。 -How many tigers did you see in the zoo?-None.(2)nothing只能指物，表示“没有什么（东西）”强调没有任何东西。它们不可与of短语连用，作主语时谓语动词只能用单数。Theres nothing in the bag口袋里什么也没有。 6.Im sorry, I didnt mean tomean的用法(1) 1. (言词等)表示.的意思；意指,意谓 What do you mean by I realized what he meant.我明白他的意思了。By the cities I mean the big cities in particular.我所说的城市主要是指大城市。Dont think I am joking; I mean business.不要以为我是在开玩笑,我可是当真的。(2) mean to do打算做某事What do you mean to do next? 下一步你打算做什么？I mean to write a letter to my girlfriend. 我打算给我的女朋友写封信。I know I have hurt her feelings, but I didnt mean to. 我知道我伤害了她，但这不是我的本意。I had meant to apologize to him, but I changed my mind.我本打算向他道歉，但又改变了主意。(3) mean doing 意味着-Her smile means being happy. 她的微笑意味着正高兴。Waving the hand means saying goodbye. 挥手意味着道别。If it means delaying one more week, I will not wait. 如果这意味着拖延一个星期，我就不等了。(4) mean sb. to do 打算要某人做-I mean you to repair my bike. 我打算要你给我修自行车。I had meant you to get up early, but you got up late.我本打算要你早起，但你起晚了。He meant his son to succeed. 他要他的儿子成功。(5) 吝啬的,小气的be mean + about/over/withHer husband is very mean about money.她的丈夫在金钱上很吝啬。7. Knowing them will help you make a good impression. (1)Knowing them动名词做主语。动名词做主语的相关用法动名词做主语时，谓语动词用用单数。Walking around in a city is rather tiring. Raising dogs is his favorite. 喂猪是他最喜欢的事情。注意：常用it 做形式主语真正做主语的动名词后置的句型有：It be no use./ no good/ pointless /a waste of time doing sth.（偶尔也用不定式）It is a waste of time waiting on.再等下去是没有用的。做主语的动名词与不定式的区别。作主语动名词通常指一个抽象动作，而做主语的不定式通常指某一次具体的动作。Its no use crying over spilt milk，泼水难收，哭也无用（指抽象动作）。He realized that to go on like this was no use（指具体动作）下面结构也用动名词There +be +no +动名词，含义上相当于its impossible to doThere is no telling what hes going to do. (2) impress 的用法：派生词：impression n. 印象 impressive adj. 印象深刻的相关归纳：impress sb with sth. The girl impressed us with her intelligence and humour.那个女孩以她的智慧和幽默给我们留下了深刻的印象。impress sth. on/upon sb. The teacher impressed the importance of English on us.老师让我们深深记住了英语的重要性。under the impression that 从句I am under the impression that he will be here in time.我认为他会及时赶到的。 what impressed sb. most is + n.或从句What impressed me most is their wele.给我印象最深刻的是他们的热情欢迎。8.When you see two spoons, the big one is for the soup and the small one for the desert.the small one for the desert是the small one is for the desert的省略。体现了并列句中的省略并列句中的省略 (1) 如果主语不同，而谓语动词中的一部分相同，则省略谓语动词中相同的那部分。 John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.约翰一定在踢球，而玛丽一定在做作业。 We raced to the east and they to the west.我们向东驶去，他们则向西驶去。He majors in chemistry and I in physics.他主修化学，我则主修物理。 (2)主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略。 His suggestions made John happy, but (his suggestions made) Mary angry.他的建议使约翰高兴，却使玛丽很生气。 (3)主语相同，而谓语不同，则可以省略主语。 Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways. 老麦克唐纳戒了一阵子烟，可很快又抽上了。 (4)在并列复合句中，如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语等其它一些成分与第一个并列句相同时，这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。 Jack will sing at the party, but I know John wont （sing at the party）. 杰克将在晚会上唱歌，但我知道约翰不会在晚会上唱歌。 9.Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a starter.Start with的用法：(1)start with sth. 以开始His illness started with a slight cough.他的病是从轻微的咳嗽开始的。He started with the aim of injuring others only to end up by ruining himself.他本想损害别人，结果却害了自己。 (2) start sth. with sth. 以什么来开始什么We started our lesson with an English song.我们以一首英文歌曲开始了我们的课。(3)to start with 首先；刚开始的时候（做插入语）To start with, let me introduce myself.首先，让我做个自我介绍。Our pany had only six workers at first.我们公司刚开始的时候只有6个员工。10.When drinking to someones health, you raise your glasses.arise, rise, raise的用法区别：(1)raise vt.“使上升；升起；提高；饲养；养大；筹集（款项）；引起;唤起;扬起（灰尘）”等；They are going to raise funds for the school buildings.他们将为盖校舍筹集资金。He raised his glass and said: Your health, Carl.他举起了杯子说道:祝你健康,卡尔。The landlord raised my rent.房东提高了我的租金。The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground. 风刮起了落叶。(2)rise vi.“上升；升起上涨；站起身；起床”； The population of the city has risen to five million.该市人口已增加到五百万。He rose and left the room.他站起身走出屋去。(3)arise vi. “出现、发生” arise from/ out of 由什么引起Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.在他们进行实验的过程中,出现了意想不到的困难。Between the copartners serious disagreements arose.合伙人之间产生了严重分歧。11.For drinking during a dinner, the best advice is never to drink too much.advise的用法 派生词：adviser: n 顾问 advisable: adj. 可取的advice: n. 建议；劝告；忠告；意见l相关归纳： （1）+名/代词/动名词Id advise buying your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.要是想在8月份去旅行，我建议提前购票。（2）+疑问词+不定式Can you advise me what to do next?你能建议我下一步怎么办吗？（3）+名/代词+不定式Police are advising fans without tickets to stay away.警察在告诫没有票的球迷离开。（4）+that从句They advised that a passport be carried with you at all times.他们建议护照要随身携带。It is strongly advised that you take out some form of medical insurance.竭诚劝你办理某种医疗保险。（6）+名/代词+wh-从句注意：（1）advise后接从句时，从句中的谓语动词多用“(should+)动词原形”。（2）advise可以接动名词作宾语，不可直接跟不定式作宾语，但可以跟疑问词+不定式作宾语。（3）advise可以用不定式作宾语补足语, 但是suggest 不可以。(4) advice： n.作“建议；劝告；忠告；意见”解时，是不可数名词，其后的介词多用on。也可用about。a/several piece(s) of advice一/几条建议12. How about you?英语中表达“怎么样？”的结构：（1）How/What about?常用来征求对方的意见或向对方提出建议。about后接名词、代词或动名词，动名词可以有逻辑主语。（2）How do/doeslike?用来询问对某事的感觉，即喜欢还是不喜欢。How do you like the book?你认为这本书怎么样？It is well worth reading.很值得读。（3）What islike?用来询问人或事物的特征，即人的外貌或品德，以及天气状况。（4）How is/are?的主语是人时，用来询问身体健康状况。How is your father, Xiao Wang?小王，你父亲的身体怎么样了？13. If it isnt too cold for you, I would like to invite you to e and visit me in the north of China over the next holiday in January.如果对你来说不太冷的话，我想邀请你在一月份的下一个假期里来华北看看。(1) would like to do sth. 用在陈述句中表示主语“想要做某事”。用在疑问句表示建议或请求。Id like Tom to go to fetch some newspapers for me. Would you like him to do something for you?我想让汤姆去给我取报纸，你想让他做点什么吗？Would you like to see a film with us this evening?今天晚上和我们一块去看电影吧？Yes, Id like to./Sorry, but Im busy.可以。（对不起，我太忙了。）(2) would like sb. to do sth.表示主语“想要别人做某事”。(3)would like to have done sth. 与would like to do sth.的区别：would like to do sth. 表示主语现在或将来想要做某事would like to go to the cinema tonight.would like to have done sth. 表示主语过去本来想做什么却没有做某事would like to have gone to the cinema last night, but I had an unexpected guest. 昨天晚上我原本想去看电影的但是我我有一个不速之客的到来。14.Its polite to finish eating everything on your plate, so dont take more food than you need. 餐盘里的东西要吃光才礼貌，所以不要多拿。该句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为to finish eating it作为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语。常见的句型有：(1)It is adj(for sbsth) to do sth用于此句型的形容词有：easy， hard， difficult，possible，important， impossible， necessary， good， bad， exciting，interesting， surprising等。It is necessary to change your job It was very hard for them to walk such a long way inthe snow(2) It is n(for sbsth) to do sth用于此句型的名词有： pity, shame, pleasure, ones duty, onesjob, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。It is a pity for you to have missed such a wonderfulplay It is bad manners for the young to take up the seats for the old(3) It is adjof sbto do sth此句型中的形容词主要描述某人的品德、特征。能用于该句型的形容词有：kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。How silly it was of you to give up such a goodchance！ It is friendly of the family to try to make me feelat home in their house(4)It is adj（n）doing sth此句型中的形容词和名词常见的有：nolittle use, nomuch good,useless等。Its no use crying over spilt milk(5)It takes sb一段时间to do sth 表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。It took us half an hour to ride to the town by thesea(6)It is 及物动词的过去分词that从句此句型中常见的及物动词的过去分词有：said, told, known, reported,recorded, thought,believed, considered等。It is reported that the Russian President will visitChina next week(7)It 不及物动词that从句此句型中不及物动词常见的有：seem， happen， appear， matter等。It seems that there will be a heavy snow tomorrowIt happened that I met my good friends in the museumyesterday15. Dont laugh at, stare at or make jokes about disabled people.stare at sb./sth.盯着看；凝视；注视He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant. 他盯着这个单词，努力想记起它的意思注意：glance gaze stare glare(1)glance意为“匆匆一瞥”，是不及物动词，其后必须接介词at, over等才可以接宾语。 He glanced at his watch他匆匆看了一下手表。 She glanced down the list of names 她由上而下匆匆地看了一下名单。(2)gaze表示“目不转睛地看”，并含有“惊叹”、“羡慕”或“入迷”的意思。She gazed at the carpet for some time, and then added, You dont need bookcases at all. 她对地毯凝视了一会儿，然后补充说：“你根本不需要书柜。”(3)stare 特别表示“睁大眼睛凝视”，并含有“惊奇”、“傲慢” 或“茫然”的意思。The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. 那位贵族对那张空白纸凝视了几秒钟。(4)glare意为“怒视；瞪眼”，也是不及物动词，其后要接介词at后才能接宾语。 They stood glaring at each other他们互相怒目而视地站着。16.At this moment I am busy with my studies.(1)be busy with sth.忙于某事She is busy with the housework all day long.她整天忙于做家务。(2)be busy doing sth.忙于做某事Im busy writing a novel.我在忙着写小说。(3)keep busy doing sth.忙于做某事We kept busy preparing for the ing party.我们在忙着准备晚会。(4)be kept busy doing sth.We were kept busy preparing for the ing party.我们在忙着准备晚会。(4)be engaged in doing sth. 忙于做某事(5) be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事概念提示重点/热点1： be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing) sth. (1) be afraid 意为“担心，害怕”，多用于口语，常用来表示一种歉意，或遗憾，后可接 so 或 not。 - Are we on time? 我们准时吗? - Im afraid not. 恐怕不准时。Im afraid youll get caught in the rain. (2) be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于胆小而不敢做某事”。He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge.他不敢从桥上跳进河水里。 (3) be afraid of (doing) sth. 常表示“害怕某种情况会发生”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings.我害怕伤害了她的情感。易混易错点1：the one, one, it, that的替代用法掌握one/ones/that/it的指代用法。代词的用法是历届高考重点之一。在代词的考查中，它们的分辨常常是命题的方向。用法如下：（1）the one用来替代同类事物中特指的一个，复数用the ones。The finger I put into my mouth was not the one I had dipped into the cup.（2）one用来替代上文提到的同类名词中的一个，表泛指，相当于“a（n）+名词”。复数用ones。I need a bike. Lend me one.（3）it指上文提到的同一事物。I want to use your bike. Could you lend it to me?（4）that用来替换上文出现的带定冠词的名词，相当于“the+名词”。复数用those。The study of idioms is as important as that of grammar讲题组课内题例与课后题：课内题例1.-I must apologize _ you know ahead of time.-Thats all right.A. for letting not B. for not letting C. to let D. not to let 变式1. I had to _ an apology to him for breaking his vase. A. send B. make C. do D. take解析：1. 该题考查apologize 的用法apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.， doing 的否定形式为not doing，所以答案选B.变式1. 该题考查apology的名词搭配结构：make an apology to sb. for sth. 所以答案选B.2. “What is it that keeps him angry?” “_ the pen his friend sent to him.”A. Lose B. He lost C. losing D To have lost变式1. Why do you ask me to eat two eggs a day? _ enough nutrition.A, Getting B. To have got C. To get D. Having got 解析：2. 通过观察问句可以知道问句是强调句型的特殊疑问句结构，是对主语的强调，答案必须能够做主语，四个选项中只有动名词可以做主语。也可以把B项改为That he lost 来做该题的答案。答案：C.变式1. 根据语境可以知道是考查不定式做状语表示目的的用法。答案：C.3. Getting up late meant _ another 15 minutes for the next bus to arrive. A. to wait B. waiting C. to have waited D. having waited 变式1. I had meant _ but I was ill. A. to help you B. helping C. to help D. having helped 变式2.To employ means _ . A. to take on B. taking C. having taken on D. to have taken on 变式3. .-Why havent you bought any butter? -I _ to, but I forgot about it. A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected解析：1.该句意思是“起床晚意味着在等另外的15分”。mean做意味着讲时后接动名词。所以答案选B. 变式1. “我本打算去帮助你的，但是我突然病了” mean做“打算”讲时后接动名词。所以答案选B. 变式2. 该句是考查mean 做解释动词意义时要保证前后形式一致这个知识点的。该题是解释“to employ”这个动词的，所以答案选A 变式3。 本题通过语境考查词义辨析，mean to do表示打算做，meant to do 常表示本打算做却没有做。4. The Foreign Minister said,“ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”A. This is B. There isC. That is D. It is 变式1. _is much hope that our team will win the game. A. There B. It C. That D. This 变式2.Tom is clever and he works hard. _is no wonder that he always wins the first prize. A. There B. It C. That D. This解析：4. 此题考查形式主语 it 的用法。it为形式,真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。答案：D变式1. 该题意思是“我们球队有希望获胜”，据此可以知道该是there be 句型所以答案选A。 答案:A变式2. 考查it is no wonder +that 从句这一句型，所以答案是B.5. I dont imagine Russ and his poor dog had a good time on the deserted island, _?Adidnt theyBdo I Cdid theyDdont I 变式1. I guess it must have snowed last night , ?A. dont I B. didnt it C. mustnt it D. hasnt it 变式2. He said that Russ and his poor dog had a good time on the deserted island, _?Adidnt theyBdidnt he Cdid theyDdid he 解析：5. 当主句部分是表示第一人称的主观看法时，疑问部分中的动词和代词应和从句中的动词和主语保持一致，而不是和主句中的动词和主语保持一致。所以反意问句应该与Russ and his poor dog had a good time on the deserted island,保持一致，另外还要考虑到否定转移，所以答案为C.变式1. 由上题的分析可以知道要与it must have snowed last night ,保持一致。Must在这里表示推测并且含有具体的过去时间状语所以答案为B.变式2. 当陈述部分是主从复句时（主语是第一人称的例外），疑问部分中的动词和代词应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致，而不是和从句中的动词和主语保持一致。答案：B.课后题：1. The captain _ an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather. A. made B. said C. put D. passed2. Be quiet! Its rude to _ people when they are talking.A. stop B. introduce C. prevent D. interrupt3. Victor apologized for _to inform me of the change in the plan.A. his being not able B. him not to ableC. his not being able D. him to be not able4、How much vinegar did you put in the soup? Im sorry to say, _. I forget. A. no B. no one C. nothing D. none5.One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and _. A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white 解析：1.考查apologize及其名词的用法和搭配。make an apology的意思是“道歉”。答案：A2. interrupt的意思是“打断；使中断”后接指人或指物的各种名词。答案：D 3. 该题考查apologize to sb. for doing sth. 和动名词的逻辑主语两个知识点，另外还要注意not的位置（必须放在being前面）所以答案为C.4. 本题考查不定代词的本意区别及其与语境综合运用。此处none指的是not any vinegar，也就是说，此处可以这样理解：Im sorry to say that I didnt put any vinegar in the soup, because I forgot it.答案：D5. 选C 不能选A。white在句子中做主语的补语。The other sides should be painted white. 这是完整的句子。答案：C