2019-2020年高三英语 主谓一致教案 新人教版.doc

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2019-2020年高三英语 主谓一致教案 新人教版高考试题常常会涉及到“主谓一致”。使用主谓一致时,必须遵循三个原则,即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。下面就常见的主谓一致的用法做简单归纳,希望同学们能从中得到启发。一、当单数可数名词、不可数名词、复合不定代词、单个不定式(疑问词不定式)、动名词或主语从句以及表示“时间、价值、重量、距离、书名、影片名称”等名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如:The curtains are closed and the living room is dark when Mom and Dad enter.Visiting a place like this is always very interesting.Why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men is a question still to be answered by scientists.二、all(some, a lot, plenty, any, part, the rest, most等)of名词作主语以及分数、百分数构成短语作主语时,谓语动词单复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词。表示复数概念用复数;表示单数概念用单数。例如:As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing. One study says that 90% of our time is spent watching television or using puters.While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her.三、在“名词/代词介宾结构谓语”结构中,谓语动词与名词/代词保持一致,介宾结构看作插入成分。该结构中的常见介词及介词短语有with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, except, besides, including等。例如:Healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the only way to bee fit.Nobody but Tom and his father has ever been there.四、a number of / a group of / a variety of / a total of 等构成短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;而the number of / the group of / the variety of / the total of 等构成短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:The low number of attacks that happen every year proves that sharks do not feed on humans if they have the choice.Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, work in the clothing industry. 五、quality / pair / amount等构成短语作主语时,谓语动词根据quality / pair / amount的单复数确定。例如:With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has covered the land. 六、and连接并列主语表示同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式;表示不同概念时谓语动词用复数形式;此外,and连接并列名词时,如果名词前有no / each / every / many a等修饰时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如:Did you go to the show last night?Yeah. Every boy and every girl in the area was invited.Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where hasnt been decided yet. 七、当表示复数概念的名词或短语作主语以及表示总称意义“形单意复”的名词(如cattle / police / people等)和常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词(clothes / goods / shoes等)作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。例如:Traffic police are always very busy, especially at busy streets.八、one of名词关系代词谓语时,谓语动词用复数;the (only) one of 名词关系代词谓语时,谓语动词用单数。例如:He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years. 比较 Our English teacher was one of the top teachers who were praised by the headmaster.九、主谓一致的其它考点:1. eitheror;neithernor;not onlybut also;notbut等连接主语时,谓语动词要就近选择。如:Either you or Jim goes there.2. there be结构中,be动词后面有几个名词时,be动词跟最近的名词保持一致。如:There is one table and two desks in the room.3. 某些单词所表示的概念是由两部分组成的,作主语时谓语动词用复数;但如果与量词构成短语作主语时,谓语动词的单复数则取决于量词。如:The trousers are too long. That pair of trousers is too long.4. 表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;但如果表示孤立的山则用单数。如:Mount Tai is great.5. 定冠词与形容词连用,用来表示一类人或物,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:The young are planting trees. 6. population构成短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数;但被百分数或分数等数词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。如:The population of our town is bigger than that of their town, but most of the population in our town are farmers.7. one and a half复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;one or two复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;many a(n)单数名词及more than one单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。而more复数名词thanone作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:Nowadays many a person wants to go abroad.One and a half apples has been eaten by the boy.8. 集合名词作主语表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数;表示成员概念谓语动词用复数。常见的集合名词有family / government / public / audience等。如:My family is a big family.My family are fond of pop music.9. 单复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常根据句意来确定。常见的这类词有deer / fish / means / sheep / series等。如:The quickest means of traveling is by air. There are various means of municating with a stranger.
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