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Look ! What day is it today? Why are they getting together again? Today is March, 12th when people get together to plant trees!,-Where is it? -It is the basketball court. It is a place where we can play basketball indoors.,The attributive clause introduced by when, where and why.,-That is Mrs. Green and she has asked for a leave for her giving a birth to her kid. -That is the reason why she doesnt come to work as usual.,定语从句中关系副词的用法,1. 定语从句中关系副词有： when, where, why 2. 关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份： 关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。 when 作时间状语；where 作地点状语； why 作原因状语。,He remembered the day when I arrived in this big city. I went back to the place where I was born and grew up. Please give me the reason why you were late this time.,when 作时间状语，意为 on the day,where 作地点状语，意为in the place,why作原因状语，意为for the reason,Detailed explanation,when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词为time, day, morning, night, week, year, moment, period, age等，亦可用“介词+which”替代。,我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时间。,我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑做的时代。,We are living in an age when many things are done on computer.,I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.,where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常为place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等，亦可用“介词+ which”替代。,Can you tell me the company where he works?,你能告诉我他工作的公司吗？,Keep the books in a place where you can find them easily.,请把书放在容易找到的地方。,Attention,where 引导的定语从句还可以修饰表示抽象空间概念的名词，如 case(情况), point(地步) situation(情形), position(位置), stage(阶段),What are some situations where body language is the only form of communication?,在哪些情形下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式？,why 指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason， 在定语从句中作原因状语，亦可用“介词for+ which”替代。,Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?,你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？,3. 并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when, where, why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that。 We often think of the days which we spent together in the countryside.,which在定语从句中作宾语,比较: We often think of the days when we worked together in the countryside.,when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 on the days。,We believe the reason that he told us. 比较: The reason why/for which he was absent yesterday is still unknown.,4. 关系副词when, where和why也可用“介词+which”来代替，要注意其先行词(名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。 when 相当于“at/in/on/during + which” where 相当于“in/at/on + which” why 相当于“for + which”,Is this the day when/on which I visited the museum? Please put the letter on the desk where/on which he can easily find it. This is the reason why/for which he didnt come to the meeting.,结论：只有当 “介词+关系代词”充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。,注意：关系副词与关系代词在定语从句中的关系： “介词+关系代词”在从句中作状语相当于一个关系副词。如： 王先生工作的那家工厂是一家鞋厂。 这个句子有以下三种表达方式：,The factory that/which Mr. Wang works in is a shoe one. The factory in which Mr. Wang works is a shoe one. The factory where Mr. Wang works is a shoe one.,17,关系代词和关系副词的区别,关系代词在定语从句作主语、宾语，表语 关系副词在定语从句中作状语,如何选用定语从句的关系词,1.首先分清主句和定语从句 2.确定定语从句的先行词 3.先行词代入法：把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，表语 ？还是状语？） 4.若先行词在定语从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。,1. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that,2. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 点拨 这是一个定语从句，先行词是a day care center，表示地点，故选where。,3. The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago. A. when A. when B. which C. that D. where 点拨 该句先行词是The village，定语从句和先行词被谓语has developed a lot隔开，从句中缺地点状语，故选where。,4. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. A. which B. that C. where D. when,5. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained,6. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _ five are mine. A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which,
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