2019-2020年高一英语上册 nit4 Unforgettable experiences(备课资料)教案 大纲人教版第一册.doc

2019-2020年高一英语上册 nit4 Unforgettable experiences(备课资料)教案 大纲人教版第一册一、异域风情.HawaiiJewel of the PacificThe beautiful pacific islands of Hawaii have a very interesting history. Hawaiis eight main islands were created(产生)about two million years ago by underwater volcanoes(火山).Damage from volcanoes has made plant and animal life in Hawaii change and adapt(适应)often, creating many climates. It has deserts, rain forests, and snow-covered mountains.Hawaii was first populated by Polynesian people around 400 AD. They had their own kings and queens for many years until the U.S. government took it over in 1900.It made Hawaii an American state in 1959.The islands contain a mix of people including native Hawaiians, Japanese. Chinese, Filipinos, and European, giving it a rich and unique culture.There is no shortage of things for visitors to do in the island paradise(乐土)of Hawaii. One attraction not to be missed is the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park which has two active volcanoes, hardened rivers of lava(熔石流)and beaches. The island of Kauai, considered the wettest place on the earth, offers amazing scenery including a canyon(峡谷)called the “Grade Canyon of the Pacific”.Hawaii is also known around the world for its water sports. All of the islands offer great surfing, diving, and windsurfing. If you want a more relaxed vacation, you can always lie on the beach, play golf, or take in the scenery from a helicopter or glass-bottomed boat. Whether you are looking for a romantic escape or a vacation full of adventure. Hawaii is sure to fit the bill.Travel for SunshinePeople travel for a lot of reasons. Some tourists(旅游者) go to see battlefields(战场) or other historic remains(古迹).Others are looking for culture(文化),or simply want to have their pictures taken in front of famous places. Most European(欧洲的) tourists are looking for a sunny beach to lie on.Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money for sunshine because they have so little of it. People of cities like London, Copenhagan (哥本哈根，丹麦首都) and Amsterdam spend much of their winter in the dark because the days are so short, and much of the rest of the year in the rain. This is the reason why the Mediterranean(地中海地区) has always attracted(吸引) them. Every summer many people travel to Mediterranean resorts(度假胜地) and beaches for their vacation. They all e for the same reason: sun!The huge crowds mean lots of money for the economics(经济) of Mediterranean countries. Italys 30 000 hotels are booked(预订) without a break every summer. And 13 million people camp out on French beaches, parks, and roadsides. Spains long sandy coastline attracts more people than anywhere else.37 million tourists visit there yearly, or one tourist for each person living in Spain.But there are signs that the area is getting more tourism than it can deal with. The Mediterranean is already one of the most polluted seas on the earth. Obviously, many tourists dont go there for clean water. They allow traffic jams(交通堵塞) and seem to like crowded beaches. They dont even mind the pollution. No matter how dirty the water is, the coastline still looks beautiful. And as long as the sun shines, its still better than sitting in the cold rain in Berlin, London, or Oslo(奥斯陆，挪威首都).II、知识归纳(1)shake 用法归纳(1)抖动，震动，常作不及物动词，也作及物动词。e.g. The house shook when the earthquake started.当地震发生时，房子震动了。She was shaking with anger.她气得发抖。His heavy steps shook the room.他沉重的脚步使房间都震动了。(2)摇动，作及物动词e.g. Shake the bottle before taking the medicine.服药前摇匀。(3)颤动，作不及物动词e.g. His hands shook a little as he wrote.他写的时候手有点发颤。His voice shook with emotion.他很激动，声音都有些颤抖了。(4)常用短语：shake hands with sb., shake sbs hand/shake sb. by the hand和某人握手shake sbs head摇头e.g. He shook hands warmly with me.=He shook my hand warmly.=He shook me warmly by the hand.他热情地和我握手。She shook her head at the idea.听了这想法，她摇了摇头。2.strike一词的三种用法(1)可用来作“(自然灾害、疾病等)袭击”解，相当于have a bad effect on,此时常用作及物动词。hit也可用来表此意。e.g. That area was struck(=hit)by a lightning.那个地区遭受了大风暴的袭击。He was struck (=hit)by a lightning.他被雷电击中了。Scientists are afraid that one day an even bigger earthquake will strike (=hit)the area around San Francisco.科学家们担心有一天旧金山周围地区会发生更大的地震。He was hard hit by financial losses.他遭受了严重的经济损失。An infections disease has struck the southeast area of that country and thousands of people are in hospital because of that.那个国家的东南部流行着一种传染病，数千人因此住院。(2)可作“打，击，敲，撞，咬”等多种意义解。e.g. The father was so angry that he struck(=hit)the boy in the face.父亲怒不可遏，打了孩子一个耳光。The clock has just struck twelve.时钟刚敲响十二点。Strike while iron is hot.趁热打铁。His foot struck against a stone.他的脚碰在一块石头上。She was struck by a snake while walking in the grass.她在草丛中行走时被蛇咬了一口。(3)strike还可用来表示“给(某人)很深印象”“打动”(=impress)。e.g. The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake.西湖的美景给游客们留下了难忘的印象。I was struck by what he said.他的话深深地打动了我。The first thing that strikes foreign visitors is the great number of bicycles in the streets.首先给外国游客深刻印象的是街上自行车非常多。3.struggle短语归纳struggle可用作名词或动词，表示“斗争，奋斗，挣扎”。常见的短语有：take up the struggle 开始斗争after a struggle 经过战斗through struggle 通过斗争struggle with sb. 同某人搏斗struggle against difficulties/death/illness/nature/strong winds与困难/死亡/疾病/自然界做斗争/与大风搏斗struggle for a living/freedom为生活而挣扎/为自由而斗争struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来e.g. We had to struggle against strong winds all the way.我们一路上不得不与大风搏斗。The old woman struggled to her feet and struggled along the road to her home.老太太挣扎着站起来，向家里走去。4.seem用法归纳seem作不及物动词“似乎，好像”，用于以下结构：(1) sb. seems to do sth.e.g. He seems to lack something.他好像缺点什么。“She seems to be sleeping,”said the father.爸爸说：“她好像正在睡觉。”(说话时正在睡)I seem to have caught a cold.我好像已经感冒了。(说话时已经感冒了。)seem之后也可跟to be。e.g. You seem to be in a hurry.你好像很匆忙的样子。It seemed to be getting windy; the leaves were being blown about.好像起风了，树叶刮得遍地都是。(2)seem 后也可直接跟形容词、分词、名词、介词短语，作连系动词用，意思是“看来，似乎是(什么样子)”。e.g. He seems(to be)quite happy.他看起来很愉快。She always seems well pleased.她看起来总是很高兴的样子。Jane seems a clever girl.珍看起来是个聪明的女孩。You seem in high spirits, Mary.玛丽，你好像兴高采烈的样子。(3)It seems that/It seems as ife.g. It seemed that he was late for the train.(=He seems to be late for the train.)他好像没赶上火车。It seemed that they didnt know each other.(=They seemed not to know each other.)(=They didnt seem to know each other.)他们似乎彼此不认识。They talked/are talking as if they had been friends for years.他们说话亲热，就像多年的老朋友似的。(4)There seems/seemed(to be)好像有，似乎有e.g. There seems no need to go now.现在好像不需要走。III、词语辨析1. noise,voice,sound(1)noise 指各种“噪音”或“吵闹、嘈杂声”。e.g. The noise of traffic kept him awake.车马喧闹使他睡也睡不着。Dont make so much noise.别那么吵闹。(2)voice 指人的说话声、歌声或笑声。也可用以指鸟鸣或狗叫声及拟人的方法。e.g. The boy shouted at the top of his voice.那男孩高声叫喊。Keep your voice down.把声音放低些。She listened to the low, sad voice of the sea.她倾听大海发出的低沉的悲壮的声音。(3)sound 指任何用耳朵能听到的声音。e.g. I heard a strange sound outside.我听到外面有一种奇怪的声音。Sound travels more slowly than light.声波比光波传播得慢。There was a sound of footsteps outside the hall.大厅外面有脚步声。2. hear, hear of, hear about, hear from(1)hear “听见/听到”，强调听的结果，如强调动作，则要用listen(to)。e.g. I heard a knock at the door.我听到敲门声。I listened but heard nothing.我注意听，但什么也没听到。(2)hear of“听说/听到”强调从别人那里间接听到，后接名词、动名词，如接从句，则不要of。e.g. I dont know the writer, but I have heard of him.我不认识这位作家，但我听说过他。I heard of his ing.我听说他来了。I heard he had gone to Beijing.我听说他去北京了。(3)hear about “(详细地)听”后常接事件之类的名词。有时可与hear of互换。e.g. Did you hear about the aviation accident?你听到关于飞机失事的消息了吗？Half an hour later I heard about/of what had happened.半小时后我听说了有关所发生的事的情况。(4)hear from “接/收到的来信(来电)”，hear sth. from sb.是“从某人那听说”e.g. I havent heard from him since he left.他走后我一直没收到他的信。I heard it from her lips.这是她亲口对我说的。3. arrive, get, reach(1)arrive 是不及物动词，要表示到达某个地点时，后面需加介词in或at。e.g. She arrived at the railway station at six in the morning.她早晨六点到了火车站。They will arrive in New York at noon.他们将于中午到达纽约。(2)get 是不及物动词，多用于口语，要和to连用构成短语动词，然后再跟名词；当“到达”的地点是副词时，则不用to。若表示“到达”这一意义时没有指明到达的地点，则不能用get,可用arrive。e.g. When did you get to Beijing?你什么时候抵达北京的？When did you get home?你什么时候回到家的？When we arrived, they had gone.我们到达时，他们已走了。(3)reach是及物动词，后面可直接跟宾语，其后一般不接地点副词。e.g. He reached Beijing last month.他上个月到达北京。How did you reach the village?你是怎样到达村子的？1.单句改错1. I met the lady in the park which showed us how to cook beancurd.简析：which应为who或that,因为这个定语从句所修饰的先行词是the lady,不是物。2. This is the house which he lived when he was a child.简析：which应改为where或在lived后加in，用where等于in which,而live为不及物动词。3. They were very poor that they could not send him to school.简析：very应改为so，因这里是sothat结构。4. He has two sons, all of whom are doctors.简析：all 应改为both,因all只能用来指三者或三者以上的事物或人。5. The watches which was repaired last week have not been sent back.简析：was应改为were。定语从句中关系代词作主语，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词一致，因此which此处指“The watches”，故应用复数形式的谓语动词。2.书面表达请你根据下面的提示写一篇短文.你在xx年暑假到一家肯德基(KFC)快餐店做保洁(cleaner)工作.你每天工作第个小时,为期三周.这项工作辛苦且枯燥,并使你感到非常疲劳,这些几乎使你半途放弃.每天你都要起早贪黑地工作.在新学期开学之前,你终于完成了这项工作,并且由此认识了劳动(labour)的意义.你认为这是一次成功的体验.注意:1.必须使用第一人称.2.词数100左右.参考答案:During the summer holiday, xx, I thought I should do something meaningful instead of touring. So I got a job at a KFC fast food restaurant and worked there as a cleaner. I worked 7 hours a day for 3 weeks. The job was hard and boring and seemed endless, which made me so tired that I nearly stopped it half way. After all .I stuck to it with determination.Every day I started off for work early in the morning and got home late in the evening. Finally, I finished the job before the new school term began. Now, I understand what labour means. I think it was really a successful experience.