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Unit 4 Earthquakes,-2-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【识记阅读单词】 1.earthquake n.地震 2.quake n. 震动;地震 3.well n. 井 4.pipe n. 管;导管 5.canal n. 运河;水道 6.steam n. 蒸汽;水汽 7.dirt n. 污垢;泥土 8.brick n. 砖;砖块 9.dam n. 水坝;堰堤 10.track n. 轨道;足迹;痕迹,-3-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,11.disaster n. 灾难;灾祸 12.shelter n. 掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处 13.title n. 标题;头衔;资格 14.bar n. 条;棒;条状物 15.outline n. 要点;大纲;轮廓 16.headline n. 报刊的大字标题 17.cyclist n. 骑自行车的人,-4-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【拼写高频单词】 1. burst vi.(burst,burst)爆裂;爆发 n.突然破裂;爆发 2. million n.百万 3. event n.事件;大事 4. ruin n.废墟;毁灭 vt.毁灭;使破产 5. destroy vt.破坏;毁坏;消灭 6. rescue n.判决,-5-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【拓展核心单词】 1. express vt.表示;表达 express n.快车;速递 expression n.表达;表情;词句 2. nation n.民族;国家;国民 national adj.国家的 nationality n.国籍 3. suffering n.苦难;痛苦 suffer v.受苦;遭受 4. extreme adj.极度的 extremely adv. 极度地;极其;非常 5. injure vt.损害;伤害 injured adj.受伤的 injury n.扭伤;损害;损伤,-6-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,6. use v.使用;利用;n.用途;用处 useful adj.有用的 useless adj.无用的;无效的;无益的 7. shock vt.真挚地,-7-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.“-ing与-ed”结尾的形容词集锦 surprising 令人吃惊的 surprised 吃惊的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的 terrifying 令人恐怖的 terrified 害怕的 frightening 令人惊恐的 frightened 害怕的 moving 感人的 moved 感动的,-8-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,2.与burst变化形式相同的动词 burst burst burst 爆发;爆裂 upset upset upset 使不安;使心烦 cast cast cast 投;掷 cost cost cost 花费 3.不一样的“惊讶” surprised 感到惊讶的 astonished 惊讶的 amazed 惊奇的 shocked 震惊的,-9-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,4.shock用法小结 be shocked by/at 对感到震惊 a great shock 令人震惊的事 be a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击 shocking 令人震惊的 5.bury的常用短语 be buried in 埋头于 be buried in thought 沉思 bury oneself in study 埋头学习;专心学习 bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面,-10-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,6.trap小结 set a trap 设下圈套 be trapped in 陷入困境 trap sb.into doing sth.诱骗某人做某事 fall into a trap 落入圈套 7.express用法小结 express oneself 表达自己的思想感情 beyond expression 无法表达;难以表达 express ones thanks to sb.向某人表达谢意,-11-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【识记】 1.right away 立刻;马上 2.in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪 3.dig out 掘出;发现 【默写】 1.结束;终结 at an end 2.许多;大量的 a(great) number of 3.好像;仿佛 as if,-12-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.表示“立刻;马上”的词语 at once;right away;right now;in no time 2.含有复数名词的短语 in ruins 破败不堪 in rags 衣衫褴褛 in high spirits 情绪高涨 3.表示数量的短语 an amount of/amounts of 大量的(修饰不可数名词) a quantity of/quantities of 很多;大量(修饰可数或不可数名词) a great many 很多(修饰可数名词复数),-13-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.It seemed as if the world was at an end ! 世界似乎到了末日! 考点提炼 It seemed as if.句式。seem后常接that或as if引导的从句。 2. All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。 考点提炼这是一个部分否定句。all.not,both.not为部分否定,完全否定形式用none或neither。,-14-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.他坐在那儿,好像什么事都没发生过。 He sat there as if nothing had happened. 2.并不是每个人都诚实。 All the men are not honest.,-15-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,Several days before July 28,1976,many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells 1. rose (rise)and fell.The water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.They were 2. signs (sign)for the earthquake.But people in the city didnt think much 3. of these.At 3:42 am that day,everything began to shake,4. which destroyed the city.Many people,5. including (include)workers and doctors,came to rescue those 6. trapped (trap)people under the ruins.7. Later (late)that afternoon,another big quake struck Tangshan.8. More (many)people were killed or 9. injured (injure)and more buildings fell down.Soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers.Teams were organized to dig out the trapped and bury 10. the dead.,-16-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,1.burst vi.(使)爆裂;(使)裂开;(使)炸开;突然出现;爆发 n.突然破裂;爆发 领悟高考究考法 诵读句子,体会黑体部分含义 (1)Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.(2016全国,完形填空) 灭火器里爆发出两股水流,大火被扑灭了。 (2)It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out.(2016北京,阅读理解D) 年轻人很可能会爆发,这并不奇怪。,-17-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,翻译句子 (3)The pipe is easy to burst in cold winter. 在寒冷的冬季管道很容易爆裂。 (4)The excellent performance of the little girl caused bursts of applause. 小女孩的出色表现赢得了阵阵掌声。 (5)When I handed him the gift card,he burst into tears.(2015全国,完形填空) 我把礼物卡送给了他的时候,他的眼泪夺眶而出。,-18-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,联想拓展记考点 (1)burst out 突然迸发;爆发 (2)burst in/into 闯进,破门而入 (3)burst out doing sth.=burst into+n.突然起来 burst out laughing=burst into laughter 突然大笑起来 burst out crying=burst into tears 突然大哭起来 burst out cheering=burst into cheers 突然欢呼起来 Hearing this,the whole class burst into laughter/burst out laughing and my deskmates face turned red.(2013湖北,书面表达) 听到这些话,全班同学大笑起来,我同桌的脸红了。,-19-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,2.at an end 结束;终结 领悟高考究考法 翻译句子,体会黑体部分含义 (1)He went on spending until his money was at an end. 他继续花钱直到花完为止。 (2)What was Mrs.Smiths attitude to the author at the end of the story?(2015重庆,阅读理解A) 故事结尾的时候史密斯夫人对作者的态度如何?,-20-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,联想拓展记考点 (1)in the end 最后;终于 at the end of 在尽头;在末端 by the end of 到结束时;到时候为止(常与完成时态连用) (2)put/bring sth.to an end 结束 come to an end 结束 put an end to sth.结束;终结 (3)end up with 以结束 end up as 作为结束,-21-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,3.ruin n.U毁坏;毁灭;崩溃 C(pl.)废墟;遗迹 v.(使)破产;(使)堕落;毁灭 领悟高考究考法 用ruin的适当形式完成句子 (1)A heavy rain ruined the dinner.(2016全国,阅读理解B) 一场大雨毁了晚餐。 (2)When they returned to Rockaway the next day,they found their neighborhood in ruins .(2016北京,阅读理解B) 当她们第二天回到洛克威时,她们发现她们的居住区已变成一片废墟。,-22-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,(3)Dont let negativity ruin your motivation.(2015福建,阅读理解E) 不要让消极情绪毁了你的积极性。 (4)A large number of churches came/fell into ruin . 许多教堂都被毁了。 联想拓展记考点 (1)(be)in ruins 成为废墟 (2)bring sb.to ruin 使某人失败;使某人倾家荡产 (3)come/fall to/into ruin 毁灭,灭亡;崩溃;破坏掉,-23-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,体会语境辨词义 用ruin,destroy或damage的适当形式填空 The bomb destroyed two buildings completely and the bridge to the village was damaged ,so the villagers were to repair it.Some towns in this area lay in ruins after years of war. 自助巩固 (1)ruin 亦指彻底毁坏,但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏,而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁坏掉的意思。 (2)destroy 常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏,毁坏”,程度较深;也可用于抽象的东西,比如名誉、计划、契约等。 (3)damage 是程度较小的“破坏,损坏”,一般被破坏的物品可以重新修复。其复数形式还可表示“损害赔偿金”。,-24-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,4.injure vt.损害;伤害 领悟高考究考法 用injure的适当形式填空 (1)Larry told her that she should not move in case she injured her neck.(2016全国,完形填空) 拉里告诉她不要乱动以免伤到脖子。,(3)Her refusal injured his pride. 她的拒绝伤害了他的自尊心。,(2)These chemicals come from the injured(injure)parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.(2017全国,阅读理解D) 这些化学物质是植物受伤的部分发出来的,好像是一个警报器。,-25-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,(5)You should stretch at least ten minutes to prevent injuries .(2015全国,七选五) 为了避免受伤,你应该至少做十分钟的伸展运动。 联想拓展记考点 (1)be injured 受伤 (2)injured adj.受伤的;受委屈的 (3)the injured 伤者 (4)injury n.伤;伤害,(4)Dobrindt wants three things:that a car always chooses property(财产)damage over personal injury(injure).(2017天津,阅读理解C) Dobrindt想做三件事情:车辆控制方面财产损失优于个人伤害,-26-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,体会语境辨词义 用injure,wound或hurt的适当形式填空 About 50 people were wounded in the attack. Im sorry;I didnt mean to hurt you. Fifty people were killed in the earthquake and even more were injured . 自助巩固 (1)injure 一般指由于意外或事故造成的损伤。 (2)wound 一般指外伤,如枪伤、刀伤,尤指在战争、战斗中受伤。 (3)hurt 可以指肉体上的伤害,特指伴有疼痛的肉体上的伤害,也可以指精神上的伤害;还可做不及物动词,意为“疼痛”。,-27-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,5.a(great) number of(许多的;大量的)一些 领悟高考究考法 翻译句子 (1)However,there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.(2016全国,七选五) 然而,有许多其他的原因可以来解释你为什么想种植。 (2)The thing is,a number of them have admitted that despite their success,they arent happy.(2015浙江,完形填空) 事实是,他们中的很多人承认尽管他们成功了,他们并不开心。,-28-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,联想拓展记考点 (1)a large/great number of “许多的,大量的”,相当于large/great numbers of,后面跟可数名词复数形式。a number of后接可数名词复数做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 (2)the number of意为“的数量”,其后接名词的复数或具有复数意义的名词。用做主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。,-29-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,6.one-third三分之一 领悟高考究考法 用所给单词的适当形式填空 (1)The Healthy Habits Survey shows that only about one third of American seniors have (have)correct habits.(2013安徽,阅读理解A) 健康习惯组织调查显示,只有大约三分之一的美国老年人有正确的习惯。 (2)The professor is delighted to find that two thirds of the project has been finished (finish). 教授高兴地发现该项目三分之二的工作已经完成。,-30-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,联想拓展记考点 (1)分数的表达:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母用序数词的复数形式。分数或分数修饰名词做主语时谓语动词的数根据其后的名词而定。 (2)百分数的表达:percent与具体的数词连用,percentage可与large,small,high,increasing等词连用。 (3)年龄的表达:表示“在某人几十多岁时”用“in ones+整十的基数词的复数形式”,如in his 30s。,-31-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,(4)年份的表达:表示“在年代”用“in the+年份(后加s或s)”,如in the 1980s/1980s。 (5)倍数的表达: A+谓语+倍数+比较级+than+B A+谓语+倍数+as+原级+as+B A+谓语+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height等)+of+B,-32-,核心词汇,核心句式,It seemed as if the world was at an end! 世界似乎到了末日! 分析提炼究考法 (1)It seems(to sb.)that/as if.(对某人来说)似乎。as if引导表语从句。 (2)as if也可以引导状语从句。如果as if引导的句子表示是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时,句子要用陈述语气。 (3)当从句中说话人所陈述的是不真实的或者极少可能发生或者存在的情况时,从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词的形式如下表:,-33-,核心词汇,核心句式,领悟考法用考点 完成句子,(2)Hurry up!It looks as if it is going to rain . 快点!看起来好像要下雨了。 (3)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done it ?(2014重庆,单项填空) 是约翰打破的窗户,你为什么和我说啊?就好像是我干的一样。 翻译句子 (4)It seemed as if he enjoyed the dish. 他似乎喜欢这道菜。,(1)When fat and salt are removed from food,the food tastes as if it is missing something .(2017全国,语法填空) 当脂肪和食盐从食物中移除后,食物尝起来就好像少了点东西。,-34-,.单句填空 1.Paul quickly unlocked the door,and the frightened(frighten)man dived in,slamming the door behind him.(20176浙江,读后续写) 2.In the crash he was seriously injured(injure). 3.Suddenly another thought went through Kates mind like an electric shock.(201610浙江,阅读理解A) 4.She burst out crying(cry)for a while,and burst into laughter(laugh)for another moment,which left us at a loss. 5.Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to prevent themselves from being destroyed(destroy).(2017北京,阅读理解D) 6.Actually,severe damage done to our land is fairly recent.(damage)(2014福建,短文填词),-35-,7.After the earthquake,the whole city was in ruins(ruin). 8.The increase in the box-office income can be attributed to a number of factors.(2017江苏,书面表达) 9.The meeting came to an end and he set down many key points. 10.Two-fifths of the students in our class are(be)fond of pop music.,-36-,.话题写作(自然灾害) (一)根据提示翻译句子 1.有些人受伤,有些人被埋在废墟下,还有些人失踪了。(injure;bury) Some people were injured,some were buried in the ruins and some were missing. 2.一切开始摇晃起来。水管爆裂,电力中断。(shake;burst;cut off) Everything began to shake,with the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off. 3.不是所有的希望都破灭了。(all.not) All hope was not lost. 4.好像到了世界末日。(It seemed as if.;be at an end) It seemed as if the world was at an end.,-37-,5.从那时的情况判断,还有大量被困群众等待着救援。(judge;trapped;rescue) Judging from the situation,a large number of trapped people waited for the rescue. 6.很快士兵就被派来帮助他们。(send) The soldiers were soon sent to help them. 7.2014年8月3日,云南省鲁甸县突然发生了强烈地震,全国震惊。(strike;be shocked at) On August 3rd,2014,a powerful earthquake suddenly struck Ludian in Yunnan Province.The whole nation was shocked at the news.,-38-,(二)将第(一)题中的句子,按照合理的逻辑顺序,加入适当的过渡词,连句成篇。根据表达的需要可适当增加细节。 On August 3rd,2014,a powerful earthquake suddenly struck Ludian in Yunnan Province.The whole nation was shocked at the news.Suddenly,everything began to shake,with the pipes bursting and the electricity cut off.It seemed as if the world was at an end.Some people were injured,some were buried in the ruins and some were missing.Judging from the situation,a large number of trapped people waited for the rescue.However,all hope was not lost,because soldiers were soon sent to help them.,-39-,.概要写作 细读教材第26页的课文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 A terrible earthquake happened at about 3:00 am on July 28,1976 in Tangshan.(要点1)At 3:42 am everything began to shake and it seemed as if the world was at an end.(要点2)The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.(要点3)With the help of the soldiers and the workers,the city began to breathe again.(要点4),
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