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必修4,Unit 10 Money,-3-,主题语境:谈论购物,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.exist vi.存在,生存,维持生活 高考佳句 Jet airplanes and big trucks yet. 喷气式飞机和大卡车(当时)还不存在。(2016北京卷,完形填空) (1)there exists/existed.某地有/存在 exist on靠为生 (2)existence n.存在 existent adj.存在的,现存的 come into existence开始存在;成立 bring.into existence使发生,产生,didnt exist,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练用exist或其短语的恰当形式填空 It is impossible to prove the of God. 要证明上帝的存在是不可能的。 Could you tell us when the custom ? 你能告诉我们这个风俗是什么时候开始存在的吗? An organization was to deal with the matter. 成立了一个组织来处理这件事。,existence,came into existence,brought into existence,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.defeat vt.战胜,击败 高考佳句Only five years after Steve Jobs death,smart-phones conventional PCs in sales. 史蒂夫乔布斯死后仅五年,智能手机在销售中就击败了传统的个人电脑。(2017江苏卷,29) defeat sb打败某人 suffer a defeat战败;遭受挫败 bring defeat upon oneself招致失败,defeated,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,词义精析 (1)defeat既可以表示战胜比赛或竞技对手,也可以表示在战争中打败敌人; (2)beat主要用于竞技或比赛中战胜对手,另有“拍打,心跳”等意; (3)win则用表示比赛、战斗、奖品、荣誉、好感等的词汇做宾语。,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)用defeat的恰当形式填空 Damaged but not ,he was still ahead of me. 他受了伤,但没有被命运打败,他依旧比我优秀。(2016全国卷,完形填空) Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help an enemy. 它们对聚居地共同利益的爱就是这样,以至于兵蚁和工蚁都将牺牲它们的生命来帮助打败一个敌人。(2015安徽卷,阅读理解D篇),defeated,(to) defeat,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)用beat,win或defeat的恰当形式填空 In 1931,Addams became the first American woman the Nobel Peace Prize.(2016全国卷,阅读理解A篇) In yesterdays games,Switzerland the United States two-one.,to win,beat/defeated,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.earn vt.挣得,赚得,赢得(名誉、地位、赞扬、尊敬等) 高考佳句Instead,she is 6,500 a day as a model in New York. 作为一名模特,她反而在纽约每天赚6,500英镑。 (2017全国卷,语法填空) (1)earn a living谋生,度日 earn money挣钱 earn respect赢得尊重 earn a reputation/fame as.赢得名声 earn profit赢得利润 earn sb sth给某人赢得某物 (2)earnings n.所赚的钱;收入,earning,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练用earn或其短语的恰当形式填空 Sarah was told that she could be Britains new supermodel, a million dollars in the next year. 萨拉被告知,她可能是英国的新超级模特,明年赚取一百万美元。(2017全国卷,语法填空) We had our allowance (零用钱) by doing chores around the house. 我们不得不在家里干家务来赚零用钱。(2016浙江卷,阅读理解D篇) For many years,the majority of Irish people as farmers. 很多年来,大多数爱尔兰人当农民来谋生。(2011安徽卷,阅读理解D篇),earning,to earn,earned their living,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.determine vt.决心,决意,确定,决定 高考佳句She to carry on with her education. 她决定继续她的教育。(2017全国高考卷,语法填空) (1)determine sb against sth使某人决定不做某事 determine +从句 决定 determine to do sth决定做 be determined to do sth下决心做 be determined that.下决心 determine on决定某事,决心,对某事下定决心 (2)determination n.决心,确定,决定,is determined,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)用determine的适当形式填空 where we are in relation to our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. 确定我们与周围环境的关系仍然是我们生存的一项基本技能。(2017江苏卷,32) When considering a merger (兼并),for example,they have traditionally used size when to step in. 例如,在考虑兼并时,他们传统上一直用大小来决定什么时候进入。(2017浙江卷,阅读理解C篇),Determining,to determine,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)写作升级 Fred was determined to study Chinese culture,so he went to study in China. 满分表达 Chinese culture,Fred went to study in China.,Determined to study,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,5.aware adj.知道的,意识到的,明白的 高考佳句She hoped to spread her message of hope and . 她希望把她的愿望和意识传播开来。 (2017北京卷,完形填空) (1)(be)aware of意识到 be aware that.意识到 make sb aware of使某人知道某事 as far as Im aware据我所知 (2)unaware adj.没有意识到的 awareness n.意识 raise ones awareness about/of提高某人的意识,awareness,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)用aware的适当形式填空 People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone,quite of what is going on around them.(2015湖南卷,阅读理解A篇) Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.(2016全国卷,阅读理解A篇),unaware,awareness,-17-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)单句语法填空 Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.(2016全国卷,阅读理解D篇) For this courier job,youre consciously aware in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.(2016全国卷,阅读理解C篇),of,that,-18-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,6.ashamed adj.羞耻的;惭愧的 高考佳句I was myself. 我对自己感到羞愧。(2016浙江卷,完形填空) 四维热练完成句子 I am ashamed (admit)that Ive never read any of his books. 我很羞愧地承认我从未读过他的书。 Having a baby in her unmarried state the family in China. 她未婚便有了孩子使她在中国的家人蒙羞。(2014江苏卷,阅读理解D篇) I to put you to all this trouble. 我为给你带来这样的麻烦而羞愧。,ashamed of,to admit,would have brought shame on,feel ashamed for having,-19-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,7.annoy vt.使不悦,使烦恼,打搅 高考佳句It is without doubt of all. 这无疑是所有的事情当中最令人烦恼的。 (2017天津卷,阅读理解D篇) (1)annoy sb使某人烦恼,使某人不悦 be annoyed with对某人生气,对某人厌烦 be annoyed that.烦恼 be annoyed by被惹恼 be annoyed at/about sth因某事而生气 (2)annoyance n.恼怒,烦恼,不高兴,使人烦恼的事 annoying adj.使人生气或烦恼的 annoyed adj.感到烦恼的,the most annoying,-20-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)用annoy的恰当形式填空 Do you find yourself getting impatient or with people over unimportant things?(2016上海卷,语法和词汇) That can be thats why some people feel sick.(2015湖北卷,阅读理解D篇) It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or .(2015江苏卷,任务型阅读) (2)写作升级 But her cold voice really annoyed me.(2016全国卷,完形填空) 满分表达But me was her cold voice.,annoyed,annoying,annoyance,what really annoyed,-21-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,8.appeal vi.吸引,引起兴趣;呼吁,恳求 高考佳句.suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there him. 建议Gabriel进入音乐贮备室,看看那儿的乐器中是否有吸引他的。 (2017四川卷,完形填空) (1)appeal to sb吸引某人,呼吁某人 appeal for sth呼吁提供某物 appeal to sb for sth向某人呼吁提供某物 (make an) appeal to sb for sth/to do sth呼吁某人(做)某事 (2)appealing adj.有吸引力的,恳求的,appealed to,-22-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)完成句子 We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or our emotions than for straight facts. 与直接的事实相比,我们对那些激发我们的感官或吸引我们情感的事物通常有更好的记忆。(2015浙江卷,11) Theyre clothes and blankets to send to the disastrous region. 他们呼吁提供衣服和毯子,以送到灾区。 (2)写作升级 Besides,businesses seek to attract customers senses. 满分表达 Besides,businesses seek customers senses.(2015重庆卷,阅读理解B篇),appeal to,appealing for,to appeal to,-23-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.give away 颁发(奖品);捐赠,赠送;放弃(机会等),泄露(秘密等) 高考佳句Body language can a lot about your mood,so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. 肢体语言可以透露许多你的心情信息,所以双臂交叉站着可能释放你很有防备的信号。(2015浙江卷,7) give up放弃 give off放出(气味、热、光) give in屈服,投降;提交(+to sb) give out散发;分发,分配;发表;精疲力竭,用尽 give way to撤退;让步,让路;让优先 give back归还;恢复;反射(光、声音等),give away,-24-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练单句语法填空 Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give VOCs when being attacked.(2017全国卷,阅读理解D篇) That weekend,we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave them away the people there. On December 1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rosa Parks would not give her seat on a bus to a white passenger.(2016全国卷,阅读理解A篇),out,to,up,-25-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.drop out(of sth)退出,退学 高考佳句After class,I learned from the teacher that my deskmate would have if he hadnt been helped by others. 放学后,我从老师那儿了解到我的同桌如果没有得到别人的帮助,就有可能退学了。 drop behind/back落后,后退,落在后面 drop by/in/round=drop in on sb=drop into sth顺便访问 drop off (数量、兴趣等)下降;小睡;打盹儿;(让人)下车 drop sb a line给某人写信 drop in at a place顺便参观某地 drop in on 非正式访问;顺便来访,dropped out of school,-26-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练完成句子 When Peter saw that he hadnt a chance to win,he the race. 彼得看出他没有获胜的机会时,就退出了比赛。 After that,feeling the need to explore further,I decided on one of ASL clubs meetings. 此后,我感到需要进一步了解,我决定去参加ASL俱乐部会议。(2017 全国卷,完形填空),dropped out of,to drop in,-27-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.go through 经历,遭受;仔细检查;用完;(法律、合同等正式)通过;浏览 高考佳句The Transition is now crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards. 过渡期现在正在通过碰撞测试,以确保它符合联邦安全标准。(2017全国卷,阅读理解C篇) go through with完成/做完艰难的(令人不快的)事 go against违反;违背(意愿等) go about继续做,四处走动,流传,going through,-28-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)说出下面各句中go through的意义 Im an ambitious writer,and when I started going through chemo(化疗),even though Im a very positive person,I lost my drive to write.(2015江苏卷,完形填空) As you go through this book,you will find that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.(2015湖南卷,22) (2)单句语法填空 Id be very grateful if you could take some time to go them and make necessary changes.,经历,遭受 浏览,through,-29-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,4.to be exact确切地说,精确地说 高考佳句Then one dayJanuary 1,2007, my husbands doctor uttered an unthinkable word:leukemia(白血病). 后来有一天,确切地说是2007年1月1日,我丈夫的医生说出了一个令人难以置信的词:白血病。(2015浙江卷,阅读理解D篇) to be exact=exactly speaking确切地说,精确地说 to be honest=honestly speaking老实说 to be frank=frankly speaking坦白地说 to be brief=briefly speaking简短地说,to be exact,-30-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)完成句子 There are over 2,000 students in our school; ,there are 2,018. 我们学校有2000多名学生,确切地说是2018名。 (2)写作升级 To be exact,other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions.(2016江苏卷,任务型阅读) 满分表达 ,other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions.,to be exact,Exactly speaking,-31-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,1.There are certainly no signs that Charles was a rich man!(Page 8)当然没有迹象表明查尔斯曾经是一个富人! that 引导同位语从句句型 (1)句中的that 用以引导一个同位语从句,解释前面的名词signs的具体内容。 (2)在news,information,fact,word (消息),idea,advice,promise,chance,possibility,belief,evidence,fact,truth等名词后常可跟同位语从句,用以解释前面中心词的内容。 (2)that引导同位语从句时,that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分,但that不可省略。,-32-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 It is a logical consequence of the simple fact the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead.(2017北京卷,阅读理解D篇) This is usually interpreted as a sign todays parents are trying to manage their childrens lives.(2015北京卷,阅读理解D篇),that,that,-33-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,(2)单句改错 While the fear hung over my head,there were also signs which I was headed down the right path.(2017天津卷,完形填空) I have a feeling they will be successful in time.,whichthat feeling后加上that,-34-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,2.No,Im much happier now.(Page 8)不,我现在快乐得多。 形容词比较级前修饰语 此处隐含现在比以前快乐很多的意味,故用比较级;句中的much修饰happier表示程度。在形容词、副词比较级前常用much,far,a little,a lot,even,rather,a bit,slightly等修饰,但不可用quite,very等修饰。 四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 Its much (easy) to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.(2017全国高考卷,七选五) Everyone in our society should help those in need,but it is (important)to be sincere and earnest.,easier,more important,-35-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,(2)单句改错 Italy,which has a very weaker tradition of immigration,has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.(2017浙江卷,阅读理解C篇) (3)完成句子 I began to understand what my dad really meant. 随着我长大一些,我开始理解了爸爸的真正意思。(2015广东卷,阅读理解B篇),verymuch,As I got a little older,-36-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,3.Every year,approximately 1.6 billion tons of soil flows into the Yellow River,Chinas second longest river.(Page 12)每年,大约有十六亿吨的土壤注入中国第二大河流,黄河。 两种使用最高级的句型 (1)表示在一定范围内的“第几”用最高级表示。 (2)表示“最之一”的概念常用“one of the+最高级+复数名词”。,-37-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 单句语法填空 The Central London Railway was one of (success) of these new lines.(2017全国卷,语法填空) As we all know,Mount Kenya is Africas second (high) mountain. So tell me one of your most interesting (dream). (2016全国卷,阅读理解B篇),the most successful,highest,dreams,-38-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,4.If so,it is time for you to think again.(Page 12)如果这样的话,你需要再考虑一下了。 If.省略句型 句中if so意为“如果这样的话”,是一个省略句。由if构成的省略句还常见以下几种: (1)if not“如果不的话”; (2)if ever“如果曾有过的话”; (3)if necessary“如果必要的话”; (4)if possible“如果可能的话”。,-39-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练完成句子 ,take another look at other methods you could try. 如果不行,再看看你可以尝试的其他方法。 (2017全国卷,语法填空) ,come early to the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye,a successful record producer. 如果这样的话,请早点来参加在晚上七点半由一位成功的音乐制作人 Jules Skye所作的报告。(2016全国卷,阅读理解A篇) The island is seldom, ,visited by ships. 这个岛难得有船停靠。,If not,If so,if ever,-40-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,5.Its no bigger than a credit card!(P14)它就像一张信用卡那么大! “no+比较级+than.”句型 (1)“no+比较级+than.”表示“和一样不”,相当于“as+该形容词的反义词原级+as.”; (2)注意比较:“not+比较级+than.”表示“不比” 。,-41-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练完成句子 Janes handwriting is Marys. 简的书法和玛丽的书法一样好。 The park in their city is . 他们城里的公园不比我们城里的公园大。 The children did the chimps on the physical world tests. 关于物质世界的测试,孩子们和黑猩猩一样做得不好。(2016江苏卷,阅读理解A篇),no worse than,not bigger than that in ours,no better than,
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