高考英语总复习 语法强攻 非谓语动词课件.ppt

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非谓语动词,知识梳理,必备清单,非谓语动词的句法功能归纳,考点一 动词不定式、分词作状语 1. 动词不定式作状语 不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句,往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。 (1) 不定式用来作目的状语:作目的状语 时,不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句 的主语,这里往往译作“为了,想要”。,特别提示: 强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to/so as to动词原形,但so as to不用于句首。 (2) 不定式用来作结果状语:作结果状语 时,常用于so.as to.,such.as to., enough to.,too.to.,only to等结构 中。,George returned after the war, only _ that his wife had left him. A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told 选A。only to do sth. 在此表示“令人不快的结果”,又因tell与George之间在逻辑上是动宾关系,故用不定式的被动形式。,特别提示: 不定式作结果状语往往表示意想不到的结果,而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。,(3) 不定式用来作原因状语: 不定式与形容词连用时,大多表示原因,用来作原因状语。这些形容词主要有:happy,kind,surprised,frightened,shocked,glad,delighted,disappointed等,2. 过去分词作状语 (1) 过去分词作状语,修饰谓语动词,进一步说明谓语动词的动作或状态,即动作发生时的背景或状况;其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,且主语是过去分词动作的承受者,过去分词与主语之间存在动宾关系。,(2) 过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在句首; 作伴随、结果状语时,通常放在句末; 作方式状语时,一般放在句末,有时也放在句首; 作让步状语时,一般放在句首,有时也放在句末。,特别提示: 作状语时,是用现在分词还是用过去分词,取决于该动词与句子主语之间的关系。 过去分词作状语,与句子主语之间在逻辑上是动宾关系;现在分词作状语,句子主语与它之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。,句子的主语改变了,分词的形式也要相应地发生变化。,Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks even more beautiful. (see与主语the park之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系) Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the park even more beautiful. (see与主语we之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系),_ to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked 选A。ask与主语I之间在逻辑上是动宾关系,且“要求”的动作已经发生,故选A项作原因状语。,3. 现在分词的形式和内在含义,“Genius” is a complicated concept, _ many different factors. A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. being involved,B,4. 独立成分作状语 有些分词或不定式短语作状语,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响,称作独立成分。 常见的有: generally speaking. 一般说来 frankly speaking. 坦白地说 judging from/by. 根据来判断 considering./taking.into consideration 考虑到,to tell you the truth. 说实话 supposing. 即使,如果 compared to/with. 与相比,5. 独立主格结构作状语 非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致。 但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语,在句子中作状语,我们称之为独立主格结构。独立主格结构的特点是: (1) 独立主格结构的逻辑主语不是句子的主 语。,(2) 名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓关系。 (3) 独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。独立主格结构的构成形式主要有: 名词(代词)现在分词/过去分词 名词(代词)形容词 名词(代词)副词, 名词(代词)不定式 名词(代词)介词短语 with/without名词(代词)宾语补足 语。,The party will be held in the garden, weather _. A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit weather与permit之间在逻辑上是主谓关系,故选permitting。weather permitting相当于if引导的条件状语从句,即if weather permits。,A,考点二 动词不定式、分词、动名词作定语 1. 分词、动词不定式和动名词作定语分述 (1) 过去分词作定语: 单个的分词作定语,一般位于其修饰的名词之前; 分词短语作定语,一般位于其修饰的名词之后。 被过去分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语,该分词与被修饰的词之间存在动宾关系。,After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _. A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide,B,(2) 现在分词作定语: 单个的分词作定语,一般位于其修饰的名词之前; 分词短语作定语,一般位于其修饰的名词之后。 被现在分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语,该分词与被修饰的词之间存在主谓关系。,The lecture, _ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started,A,(3) 动词不定式作定语: 动词不定式作定语时,位于被其修饰的词之后。不定式作定语时往往表示将要发生的动作。 在作定语的动词不定式中,如果其中的动词是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词 e.g. He is the man to depend on.,Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company. A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made 选A。_ at the meeting作decision的后置定语,make与decision在逻辑上是动宾关系,且还未发生,故用不定式的被动形式。,如果被不定式修饰的名词为place,time,way等时,不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省去。 e.g. The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.,(4) 现在分词与动名词作定语的区别: 现在分词作定语表示所修饰的名词的动作,二者是逻辑上的主谓关系,读时都有重音。动名词作定语通常表示它所修饰的名词的用途,二者不存在逻辑上的主谓关系,读时只重读动名词。 动名词作定语只能置于被修饰词的前面,而现在分词作定语有时可置前,有时可置后,尤其是现在分词短语作定语。,2动词不定式与分词作定语的区别 (1) 首先表现在时态上: 不定式作定语通常指将来的动作,现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作而过去分词作定语表示已经完成的动作。,(2) 其次是判断该动词与被修饰的名词之间的关系,如果是动宾关系就要用表示被动的非谓语形式(过去分词,现在分词的被动式,不定式的被动式),如果是主谓关系则用现在分词或动词不定式的主动形式。,3易混点 当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可用主动语态,也可用被动语态,但其含义有所不同,试比较: Have you got anything to buy? 你有什么东西要买吗? Have you got anything to be bought? 你有什么要(我或别人)买的吗?,考点三 分词、动词不定式作补语 1分词、动词不定式作补语分述 (1) 过去分词作宾语补足语: 句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。如: e.g. I had my bike repaired yesterday.,(2) 现在分词作宾语补足语: 句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。 现在分词作宾语补足语强调正在进行中的主动动作,即动作过程的一个部分。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see,watch,hear,observe,feel,find,have,keep等。 e.g. We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.,Listen! Do you hear someone _ for help? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called,A,(2)动词不定式作宾语补足语: 句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。动词不定式作宾语补足语强调动作的整个过程。 常用不定式作宾语补足语的几种情况: 主语ask/require/tell/order/force/ get/want/ likesb. to do sth., 主语think/judge/suppose/believe/consider /imaginesb.to be/to have done, 主语call on (upon) /depend on/wait for/ask forsb.to do sth.。,Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _ to the new students. A. speaking B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken 选C。由invite sb. to do sth.可知,此处用to speak。,动词see,watch,notice,hear,observe,make,have等的宾语补足语用动词原形,变被动时要加to,此时的不定式就是主语补足语。,2分词、动词不定式作补语时的区别 (1) 现在分词作宾补强调动作的延续性,表示动作正在进行,更具描绘性。 而不定式作宾补一般表示动作的全过程,表明动作已经结束或即将发生。,(2) 现在分词或不定式作宾补表示它与宾语之间是主谓关系,用过去分词作宾补一般表示它与宾语之间是动宾关系,完成状态或动作由别人完成。,3易混点 现在分词作宾补和动名词复合结构作宾语形式上似乎相同,其区别是:从谓语动词上看,现在分词作宾补属于“主谓宾宾补”的句式,谓语动词必须是能带复合宾语的动词,而动名词复合结构则是“主谓宾”结构,谓语动词必须是能带动名词作宾语的动词。,考点四 非谓语动词作宾语、表语和主语 1非谓语动词作宾语 (1) 在三种非谓语动词中只有动名词和动词不定式可以用来作宾语,分词不能作宾语。,(2) 动名词作宾语: 以下动词只接动名词作宾语,不能接不定式:admit,advise,allow,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forbid,forgive,imagine,keep, mind,miss,permit,practise,resist,risk,suggest等。,以下动词短语只接动名词作宾语,不能接不定式:cant help(忍不住),cant stand,give up,put off,be/get used to(习惯于),devote oneself to,get down to,look forward to,lead to,pay attention to,see to,turn to等。,Lydia doesnt feel like _ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study,B,(3) 动词不定式作宾语: 不定式作宾语有两种情况,一是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式,二是“动词疑问词带to的不定式”。 “动词带to的不定式”结构:常见的接不定式作宾语的动词有afford,appear,agree,ask,decide,demand,desire,fail,hope,intend,learn,mean,offer,promise,refuse,wish等。,“动词疑问代(副)词不定式”结构: 常见的这类动词有advise,decide,forget,know,learn,remember,see,tell,think,teach,wonder,discover,understand,guess,explain等。这类疑问代(副)词有what,when,which,where,how,whether等(不包含why)。,不定式作宾语时,有时我们会使用it作形式宾语,而把不定式放到后面。,The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting. Athat Bit Cthis Dhim,B,(4) 一些动词或动词短语后面接动词不定式和接动名词作宾语在意思上有很大的区别: cant help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事,mean to do sth. 打算做,想要 mean doing sth. 意味着,就是 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事,I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 选B。根据before I left the office及but forgot to . lights可知,“我”记得要锁门,所以B项正确。此题易误选A项,remember doing sth. 意为“记得做过某事”,离开之前不可能已经锁上门,所以A项错误。,(5)动词want,need,require意为“需要”时,后面跟动名词或动词不定式的被动式作宾语区别不大。 e.g. The flowers need/want/require watering/to be watered.,(6) 在动词allow,advise,forbid,permit后面直接跟动名词作宾语,如果有名词或代词作宾语,则应构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit名词/代词动词不定式(作宾语补足语)”。 (7) 动词不定式在but,other than,except后面时,如果之前有行为动词do的某种形式,那么后面的不定式不带to,否则就要带to。,另外,在cant choose but,cant help but,cant but后的不定式也要省略to。 He cannot choose but wait. 在why和why not后省略to Why not go there by train? 为什么不乘火车去那里?,2非谓语动词作表语 不定式、现在分词、过去分词以及动名词都能作表语,其用法注意如下: (1) 当现在分词和过去分词作表语时,它们大多数是已经形容词化的现在分词或过去分词,而且大多数是与心理状态有联系的词。 现在分词通常表示“(某事/物)令人感到的”,而过去分词则表示某人的感受,意为“感到的”。,这样的词常见的有: interesting“有趣的”,interested“感兴趣的”; exciting“令人兴奋的”,excited“感到兴奋的”; disappointing“令人失望的”,disappointed“感到失望的”等。 这类现在分词作表语时,一般是物作主语;而过去分词作表语时,则一般是人作主语。,(2) 表示一般的概念时,不定式、动名词可以互换,而表示具体的个别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式。 e.g. What she likes is watching (to watch) children play.,(3) 动名词作表语说明主语的内容,常可与主语换位,回答what或doing what的问题。现在分词作表语,表示主语的性质和特征,回答how的问题,其主语可以是具体的人或物。现在分词的被动语态不作表语。进行时态说明正在进行的动作。,3非谓语动词作主语 (1) 不定式作主语 不定式(或不定式短语)作主语时常用“it”来代替,称为形式主语。真正主语(不定式)放在句尾。 在It isadj.for/of sb. to do sth.中,当形容词表达人所具有的特性时用of sb.,当形容词表达事物的特征时用for sb.。,(2) 动名词作主语 动名词作主语时,也常用it句式。 Its no use/good doing, Its useless doing, There is no doing.,方法技巧总结 方法一:找准判断主动与被动的依据 非谓语动词的考查主要在主动还是被动上,若找准判断的依据,问题可以迎刃而解。 作状语,主动与被动是相对于句子的主语来讲的;作定语时,主动与被动是相对于所修饰的词而言的;作补语时,主动与被动是相对于宾语而言的。但也要注意作目的状语时,只能用动词不定式。,方法二:正确识别要考查的类型 with的复合结构和连词分词结构是经常考查的类型。但这两种形式都非常简单。with的复合结构考查的重点只有三种形式: with宾语doing(宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主谓关系) with宾语done(宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的动宾关系),with宾语to do(表将来) 连词分词结构只有两种形式:连词doing(主动语态); 连词done(被动语态)。 明白了上述结构可以大大提高做题速度和准确度。,方法三:时间先后判断法 如果选项中出现了非谓语动词的完成式,就要考虑非谓语动词与谓语动词发生的时间先后问题。如: to have done表示该动作在谓语动词之前发生;to be doing强调与谓语动词同时发生;doing表示与谓语动词几乎同时发生;having done表示该动作在谓语动词之前发生;done表示在谓语动词之前发生。,方法四:习惯用法 学习非谓语动词时,要记住某些特殊动词的用法,哪些动词后只能接v.ing形式,哪些动词后两种形式都可以接,且含义有什么不同。,考点归纳,非谓语动词是高中英语教学的重点和难点,也是历届高考的重点项目。命题热点多是借助于基本概念,在语境中考查常用动词的各种非谓语形式以及个性动词后的非谓语形式。有时也涉及非谓语动词逻辑主语的一致性问题以及独立主格结构中非谓语的各种变化。,其考点主要包括: 1. 考查不定式和动名词作宾语的区别。要求熟记“三类”动词: (1) 只能接不定式作宾语的动词。 如:seem, attempt, neglect, afford, demand, long, arrange, mean, expect等;,(2) 只能接动名词作宾语的动词。 如:acknowledge, admit, appreciate, avoid, delay, escape, consider, permit, imagine, postpone, risk等; (3) 接不定式和动名词意义有别的动词。 如:remember, try, mean, regret等。,2. 考查不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别。 不定式表示未来的动作; 现在分词表示进行的动作; 过去分词表示完成的动作。,3. 考查不定式和分词作状语的区别。 (1) 结果状语: only to do表示“出乎意料的结果”; thus doing表示“自然而然的结果”。 (2) 原因状语: be glad (silly,sad,disappointed,satisfied,sorry,surprised) to have done 表示“很高兴(愚蠢、难过) 做了”。,(3) 原因状语: “being形容词(过去分词、副词、介词短语、名词)”通常在句中表示原因。,4. 考查分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别。 (1) 感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有三种形式:不带to 的不定式、现在分词和过去分词; (2) leave 后接三种形式作宾补: leave sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事; leave sth. undone留下某事未做; leave sth. to be done留下某事要做;,(3) have, get 后接三种形式作宾补:have/get sth. done使/让某事由别人去做 (叫/让某人做某事); have sb./sth. doing 使/让某人/物持续地做某事(现在分词表示主动或正在进行); get sb./sth. doing使某人/物开始行动起来; have sb. do sth. (get sb. to do sth.)使/让/叫某人去做某事;,(4) be said (reported,thought,considered) to do sth. (据说要)/to be doing sth. (据说正在)/to have done sth. (据说已经)。,5考查非谓语的时态和语态。 即现在分词的一般体和完成体的区别,过去分词和现在分词的区别。 6考查非谓语动词的其他结构。 with(out)复合宾语结构、独立主格结构、不定式的复合结构等。,重点 1 非谓语动词作状语 1. 主要考点: (1) 不定式作状语。 不定式作状语通常表示: (a) 原因(多用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后); (b) 目的(可用so as to/in order to替换, 但so as to一般不可置于句首); (c) 结果(常表意想不到的结果, 常为only to do)。,(2) 分词作状语。 现在分词作状语时, 现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。 过去分词作状语时, 过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。, 部分过去分词来源于系表结构, 作状语时不表示被动关系, 其前不用being。 这样的过去分词及短语常见的有: seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、stationed(驻扎)、lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)、born in(出身于)、dressed in(穿着)、tired of(厌烦了)等。,2. 突破技巧: (1) 把握前后主语一致性, 区别现在分词与过去分词; (2) 不定式作结果状语为意想不到的结果; 分词作结果状语为顺理成章的结果。,重点2 非谓语动词作定语 1. 主要考点: 不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词作定语以及区别。 2. 突破技巧: (1) 把握不定式表示未来, 动名词作定语表示用途, 现在分词表示主动和进行, 过去分词表示被动和完成; (2) 注意不定式to be done形式、过去分词和现在分词being done形式作定语的区别。,重点3 非谓语动词作补语 1. 主要考点: 常见的需接非谓语动词作补语的结构: (1) “5看2听1感觉”的感官动词 “5看”包括see, watch, observe, notice, look at “2听”包括hear, listen to “1感觉”包括feel,(2) make, have, get等使役动词后 (3) 特殊动词、词组、句型: leave, catch, keep, find advise/allow/ask等动词+sb. to do sth. sb. +be said to do sth. 中的不定式作 补语。,2. 突破技巧: (1) 注意作补语的三种形式 (to) do/ doing/ done形式之间的区别。把握动作的主动、进行和被动; (2) 注意宾语补足语与主语补足语的区别; (3) 把握补语一般由不定式表示未来(不用to的不定式表示动作全过程); 现在分词表示进行、过去分词表示被动、完成。,重点 4 非谓语动词作宾语 1. 主要考点: (1) 只能跟不定式作宾语的动词, 常见的有: 碰巧希望作决定(happen, hope/wish, decide); 准备同意和答应(prepare, agree, promise); 假装没能安排好(pretend, fail, arrange/plan); 学会拒绝难提供(learn, refuse, offer); 决心设法想得分(determine, manage, intend/expect/want); 一往无前任我行。,(2) 只能跟动名词作宾语的动词, 常见的有: 否认错过避逃亡(deny, miss, avoid, escape); 承认推迟被禁止(admit, delay, forbid); 考虑建议准完成(consider, suggest, finish); 介意冒险乱想象(mind, risk, imagine); 答应继续去训练(allow/permit, keep, practise); 设想原谅得欣赏(fancy, excuse/pardon, enjoy/appreciate)。,(3) 特殊动词及短语跟不定式与动名词作宾语的不同,(4) 动词allow, advise, permit, forbid后面不出现宾语时直接跟动名词作宾语 (5) 动词need, want, require主语为物时后跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意思, 相当于不定式的被动形式, 在句子中均为宾语 2. 突破技巧: (1)牢记口诀, 记熟用法; (2)把握特殊词。,重点 5 非谓语动词作主语、表语及其他 1. 主要考点: (1) 动名词与不定式作主语: 动名词表示泛指、抽象、反复、习惯; 不定式表示具体、一次、打算、未做的动作。,(2) 现在分词、过去分词、不定式、动名词作表语: 现在分词作表语, 表示主语的特征, 意思“令人”, 一般是物作主语; 过去分词作表语说明主语的心理状态, 主语是承受者, 表示的是被动。动名词、不定式作表语与作主语是一样的, 可以表语、主语互换。,(3) 其他用法 独立主格结构中的分词和不定式 如果分词作状语的逻辑主语不是句子的主语, 要在分词前面加上它自己的主语, 这种结构叫独立主格结构, 其作用相当于状语从句或定语从句; 有时也用with复合结构(with+宾语+宾语补足语)作状语。, 形式主语或形式宾语中的不定式 固定句式中的不定式 do/have/其他动词+sth. +but (to) do sth. 的固定句式, 遵循前有do后无to, 反之用to原则。 2. 突破技巧: (1) 分析句子的主谓语是否一致, 如果不一致就可以用独立主格结构; (2) 弄清独立结构中宾语与后面补语的关系, 然后用相应的形式, 尤其是不定式和分词形式。,从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _ to guard her. A. to appoint B. appointing C. appointed D. having appointed 2. _ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age. A. Spending B. Spent C. Having spent D. To spend,C,C,3. _ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness. A. Having freed B. Freed C. To free D. Freeing 4. Last night, there were millions of people _ the opening ceremony live on TV. A. watch B. to watch C. watched D. watching,C,D,5. There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. A. solving B. solved C. being solved D. to be solved 6. Its standard practice for a company like this one _ a security officer. A. employed B. being employed C. to employ D. employs,D,C,7. _ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. A. Working out B. Worked out C. To work out D. Work out 8. Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _ it didnt fit. A. to find B. found C. finding D. having found,C,A,9. The manager was satisfied to see many new products _ after great effort. A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D. develop 10. I hope to take the computer course. Good idea. _ more about it, visit this website. A. To find out B. Finding out C. To be finding out D. Having found out,C,A,11. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _ to our shop for quality problems. A. returning B. returned C. to return D. to be returned 12. Group activities will be organized after class _ children develop team spirit. A. helping B. having helped C. helped D. to help,B,D,13. When it comes to _ in public, no one can match him. A. speak B. speaking C. being spoken D. be spoken 14. _ nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel. A. Having spent B. To spend C. Spent D. To have spent,B,A,15. He is thought _ foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. A. to act B. to have acted C. acting D. having acted,B,巩固练习,I. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1. Without anyone _ (notice), the little boy slipped through the window. 2. _ (realize) that the files in the computer had gone wrong, she suddenly felt at a loss. 3. We saw the big ship turn upside down, _ (throw) its passengers into the water. 4. Jack won first place in the 100-metre race in the sports meeting, _ (set) a new record.,noticing,Realizing / Having realized,throwing,setting,5. _ (be) a leader for a long time, Mary found it hard to become an ordinary clerk again. 6. _ (sentence) to ten years in prison, the man lost all hope. 7. Mrs. Yacoub had her watch _ (rob) on her way home. 8. The door of the house opposite to ours remains _ (close) all day long.,Having been,Having been sentenced,robbed,closed,9. The trees _ (plant) by the foreign visitors are growing well. 10. Is that Mr. Brown? Sorry, hes not in at the moment. Shall I have him _ (return) your call?,planted,return,II. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。 1. Never be _ (第一个离开的人). Observe how your co-workers behave around quitting time. 2. _ (所有的事都考虑在内), his suggestion is of greater value than yours. 3. _ (当问到她是谁), she said she was Mr. Johnsons friend.,the first one to leave,All things considered,Asked who she was,4. _ (从金币上标记的日期), the scientists learnt that it was made five hundred years ago. 5. Does the way you thought of _ (把水变清) make any sense? 6. Mrs. Li showed her students _ (一些借来的旧照片) from the city library.,From the dates marked on the gold coin,to make the water clean,some old photos borrowed,7. With Mothers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ (去买礼物) for my mum. 8. I have _ (大量文件要读) before the end of this week. 9. The dining room is clean and tidy, with _ (已经摆好的桌子) for a meal to be served. 10. A great number of _ (被询问的学生) said they were forced to take part in the extra classes by their parents.,to buy presents,a lot of files to read,a table already laid,students questioned,III. 从括号内选择合适的内容填空。 1. The students listened with full attention in class, _ (not trying, trying not) to miss any point. 2. _ (Seen, Seeing) from the top of the building, at the south foot of the mountain is a river. 3. Listen! Do you hear someone _ (sing, singing) in the distance?,trying not,Seen,singing,4. So far nobody has claimed the cell phone _ (discovered, discovering) in the bathroom. 5. I bought the camera and case as _ (advertised, advertising) in yesterdays newspaper. 6. The spokesperson spoke very slowly, _ (to weigh, weighing) what she would say.,discovered,advertised,weighing,7. Shortly after suffering from a mud-rock slide and _ (being reduced, reduced) to ruins, the village took on a new look. 8. The computer just wont start. Something seems _ (to go, to have gone) wrong with it.,being reduced,to have gone,
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