资源描述
专题3 形容词和副词,考情分析 单项填空题对形容词和副词的考查重点是词义辨析、形容词 和副词的比较、倍数关系以及形容词和副词在特殊语境中的 应用等。对此考生还应掌握形容词和副词比较级和最高级的 构成方法及形容词作定语或表语这一基本考点。,考点一 形容词、副词的基本用法,1(2015高考浙江卷，T14)Listening is thus an active，not a _，behavior consisting of hearing，understanding and remembering. Aconsiderate Bsensitive Creliable Dpassive,D,解析：考查语境选词。句意：聆听是一种积极的行为，而不 是被动的(passive)接受，它包括听、理解和记忆。由not可 知，空格处表示的意思与active相对，故选D项passive。其他 三项的意思：considerate关切的，体贴的；sensitive敏感的， 善解人意的；reliable可信赖的，可靠的。,2(2015高考浙江卷，T13)Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was _ alive. Asteadily Binstantly Cformerly Dpermanently 解析：考查语境选词。句意：我们大多数人，如果对食物来 源多少知道一点点的话，就会懂得吃的每一口食物先前 (formerly)都是有生命的。另外三项的意思是：steadily稳定 地；instantly立即，马上；permanently永久地，长久地。本 题中的if从句放到句中增加了解题难度，正常语序为：If we know even a es from，most of us understand that every bite.。,C,1形容词(短语)、副词作状语 形容词(短语)作状语，说明句子中主语或宾语的状态； 而 副词作状语一般情况下用来修饰句子的谓语动词或置于句首修饰全句，作评注性状语。 Thankfully，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦最终都是值得的。 Lighthearted and optimistic，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.她无忧无虑、 积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。,2形容词、副词的顺序 (1) 形容词作定语修饰由no，any，some和every构成的复合 词，需要后置。多个形容词修饰名词的排列顺序：限定词 (these/those)序数词基数词/量词描绘性形容词(beautiful)大小、长短、高低形状年龄颜色来源 (American)材料用途(writing)名词。 Its a charming small French clock,made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century. 这是一个迷人的小法国时钟，由黄铜制成，可以追溯到十九 世纪。,(2) 副词修饰形容词或其他副词时，一般位于被修 饰词 的 前面，但enough要放在被修饰词的后面。 Strangely enough，some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. 很奇怪，一些著名的科学家具有细心和粗心双重特点。 (3)副词修饰形容词的特殊词序：so/as/how/too/that形容词a(n)单数可数名词。 I make $2，000 a week and $60 surely wont make that big a difference to me. 我一个星期挣2 000 美元,60美元对我而言没什么大的影响。,3出现在各种测试中的高频副词 (1)though “虽然，然而”(2) therefore “因此”(3) instead “相反”(4) besides/moreover/furthermore “另外，而且， 除此之外”(5) however “然而，但是”(6)otherwise “要不 然，否则”(7) still “仍然，依然”(8) yet “然而，可 是”(9)thus “因而，于是”(10)anyway “无论如何”。 What a terrible experience！Anyway，youre safe now thats the main thing.多么可怕的经历啊！不过你现在安全 了这是主要的事情。 Mike was usually so careful，yet this time he made a small mistake. Mike通常很仔细，但这次他犯了个小错误。,1(2014高考安徽卷，T33)Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and，_，supply more jobs. Ahowever Banywhere Ctherefore Dotherwise 解析：考查语意逻辑关系。句意：我们希望的是，我们能在 市场发挥更大作用，_，提供更多的就业机会。however然而，表示转折关系；anywhere无论何处，表 示 条件；therefore因此，表示因果关系；otherwise否则，表示相反的后果。解题时，主要是分析前后的语意逻辑关系，本题play a greater role in the market place与supply more jobs之间为因果关系。故选C项。,C,2(2016泰州模拟)After the long journey，the three of them went back home，_ Ahungry and tiredly Bhungry and tired Chungrily and tiredly Dhungrily and tired 解析：考查形容词短语作状语。句意：长途旅行后，他们三个回到了家，又累又饿。hungry and tired此处用作状语，说明了主语的状语。,B,考点二 形容词和副词的比较等级,1(2015高考四川卷，T7)Andy is content with the toy. It is _ he has ever got. Aa better Bthe better Ca best Dthe best 解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他得到的最好的玩具。从后面的定语从句he has ever got可以推知这是“他得到的最好的玩具”,故此处要用最高级.,D,2(2014高考大纲全国卷，T27)Raymonds parents wanted him to have _ possible education. Agood Bbetter Cbest Dthe best 解析：考查形容词的比较等级。句意:雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育.形容词最高级前须加定冠词the,故D项正确。,D,asadj./adv.(原形) as,as形容词原级 a(n)n.as.,和一样,not as/so.as.,和不一样,.比较级than,比更,the比较级of the two名词,两者中较的那个,比较级and比较级,越来越,the比较级，the比较级,越就越,the 最高级比较范围,最,.比较级than any other 单数名词,比任何一个都,.比较级than all the other复数名词,比其他所有都,.比较级than anything/anyone else,比任何一个都,否定词比较级,再也不为过,I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are more meaningful things to do. 我认为每天晚上看电视是白费时间有更有意义的事可以 去做。 This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have ever seen. 这是我曾看过的最鼓舞人心的电影了。 Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China. 从国外进口的货物并不一定比产自中国的好。 Yes.Some of the goods made in our country are of high quality.没错。我们国家生产的一些商品质量很高。,Of the two bags，which one do you prefer? 你更喜欢这两个包中的哪一个？ The bigger one.Its a most beautiful one，I think. 大的那个。我觉得它非常漂亮。 Your story is perfect；Ive never heard a better one before. 你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听到比这好听的故事。,如何分清比较级和最高级 1两个事物进行比较应用比较级，三个或三个以上事物进行比较应用最高级。做题时既要通过分析数量关系确定 使用 比较级还是最高级，又要注意通过句意和语境进行判断 ，因 为很多题目并没有直接说明是几者进行比较，而是把 数量隐 含在句意中。,2若题目为省略句，应根据语境和语意寻找被比较的对象,然后确定比较的范围。 3. 使用比较级时比较的对象要一致：相同的对象可以比较,不同的对象不能进行比较。 The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.(人口与人口相比，要用代词that) 中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家的都多。,1(2015淮安市一检)Linda kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting. Aheavy Bheavier Cthe heavier Dthe heaviest 解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：Linda不断地称自己的 体重，想看看她胖了多少。根据句意，含有两者间的比较， much后应接形容词的比较级，不加定冠词the。,B,2(2016宁波市调研)Li Ming did pass the test successfully! Indeed，but he was _ than successful，I think. Amore lucky Bmuch luckier Cluckier Dlucky 解析：根据题意可知，此处“moreadj.原形than”是固定结构，表示“与其说倒不如说”。所以选A项。,A,考点三 倍数句型,(2013高考安徽卷，T33)Its said that the power plant is now _large as what it was. Atwice as Bas twice Ctwice much Dmuch twice 解析：考查倍数表达法。句意：据说这个发电厂现在是以 前的两倍大。倍数表达法有多种，此 处考查的是 “倍 数 词as.as”结构，故选A。,A,表示倍数的句型 1A is倍数比较级thanB 2A is倍数as原级asB 3A is倍数the名词(size，length，height等)ofB 4A is倍数that/those ofB 5A is倍数what引导的名词性从句 This restaurant wasnt half as good as that other restaurant we went to. 这家饭店还不如我们以前去的那家饭店的一半好。,Americans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. 美国人现在每个人吃的蔬菜是1910年的两倍多。 The output of cars in 2014 is four times greater than that of 2013.2014年小轿车产量是2013年的5倍。,1(2015徐州市调研)Marys house in Nanchang cost much than ours，though not half_ Aso big Bmuch bigger Cvery big Das bigger 解析：此处表示“玛丽在南昌的房子不到我们家房子面积的 一半，却比我们家的房子贵得多”，完整的表示是“.cost much more than ours，though it is not half as/so big (as ours)”。,A,2(2015连云港市二模)Many young farmers admit that they get paid _ two decades ago. Aten times what their parents earned Bten times what their parents had earned Cten times as much as money their parents earned Das ten times much money as their parents had earned 解析：根据时间状语“two decades ago”可知此处应用 一般 过去时，排除B、D两项。根据表示倍数的句型“A动词 倍数what从句”可知答案为A。注意：what相当于the money that。,A,考点四 形容词、副词词义辨析,1(2015高考福建卷，T23)It was _ of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. Acareless Bconsiderate Cpatient Dgenerous 解析：考查语境选词。句意：Michael通知我们他的延误以防我们担心，他真是_。careless粗心的；considerate 考虑周全的；patient耐心的；generous慷慨的，大方的 。从 本句中Michael的做法通知我们他的延误以防我们担心可看出Michael考虑周全。故答案为B项。,B,2(2015高考安徽卷，T31)They gave money to the old peoples home either _ or through their companies. Alegally Bsincerely Cpersonally Ddeliberately 解析：结合副词词义辨析考查语境选词。句意：他们或者 _或者通过他们的公司给敬老院送钱。legally合法 地；sincerely真诚地；personally亲自；deliberately故意地. 根据or through their companies可知与此相对的应该是personally(亲自)。,C,形容词或副词词义辨析是目前高考试题中常见的一种考查形式。在备考时，注意掌握形容词或副词的多种含义，解题 时，需要把词义和试题的具体语境相结合。 1近几年高考考查频率较高的形容词：accessible， adaptable，affordable，available，cautious，complex， confident，convenient，effective，essential，frequent， grateful，innocent，optimistic，potential，responsible， sensitive，spare，stable，thoughtful，unique，valuable， worthwhile，etc.。,2近几年高考考查频率较高的副词：actually，adequately. closely，definitely，especially，equally，eventually， fortunately，frequently，generally，gradually，hardly， merely，narrowly，punctually，seriously，surprisingly， thankfully，willingly，etc.。,1(2015高考安徽卷，T26)Im so _ to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily. Aspecial Bsuperior Cgrateful Dattractive 解析：结合形容词词义辨析考查语境选词。句意：我感激 (grateful)所有那些志愿者，因为他们帮助我愉快地结束了糟 糕的一天。special特殊的；superior 更好的，有优越感的; attractive吸引人的。,C,2(2015高考湖北卷，T29)The girl used to be shy，but is _ getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. Agradually Busually Cpreviously Dmerely 解析：考查语境选词。句意：这个女孩以前很害羞，但是正 _在小组活动中变得积极起来，而且更愿意表达自己 了。根据题干中的is 和getting 可知，这里表示循序渐进的过 程，故选gradually(逐 渐 地)。usually通 常；previously先 前地；merely仅仅。,A,
展开阅读全文