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专题七 情态动词和虚拟语气,词汇复习7(根据汉语提示填入以c开头的单词的适当形式,然后背诵情景,熟记以c开头的课标高频词汇。) 【情景1】A charity is (聚集) money for a primary school,where children are in poor (状况).Several days ago,a speech covering caring for kids was made in the central park.The speakers from the charity called on the government chiefs to take (挑战) to make changes on childrens living conditions.Meanwhile,they also suggest (市民) should create more chances to develop childrens good (性格).Everyone should make (贡献)to offer children a happy childhood.Children are closely connected with our future,and they will certainly carry out kind deeds for our concern.,collecting,condition,challenges,citizens,characters,contributions,译文:一家慈善机构正在为一所小学募捐,小学里的孩子们身体不好。就在几天前,在中心公园里举行了一次涉及关心孩子的演讲。来自该慈善机构的演讲者呼吁政府首脑在改变孩子的生活环境方面做出挑战。同时,他们还建议市民们创建更多机会来培养孩子的良好性格。每个人都应该为给孩子提供一个美好的童年做出贡献。孩子们同我们的未来息息相关,他们肯定会为我们对他们的关心而做出善举的。,【情景2】Its been (证实) that Jody had committed a crime in his company for the unfair commercial competition with his (同伴). (比较) with others,during work time he didnt concentrate his energy on (完成) the compulsory work,but concerned himself more about (舒服).Though he had made a compromise,the committee in the conference commanded that he should compensate for the loss.,confirmed,companions,Compared,completing,comfort,【情景2】译文:已经证实乔迪在公司因为跟同伴的不公平商业竞争而犯罪。和其他人比较起来,在工作期间,他不集中精力于完成分内的工作,而是更多地关注个人的舒服。尽管他妥协了,但是会议上委员会命令他对损失做出补偿。,情态动词动感情,本义用法要拿定; 特殊意义需强记,虚拟推测辨分明。 1.(2015重庆卷改编)You be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.,答案,解析,2.(2015浙江卷改编)It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.,答案,解析,3.(2015四川卷改编)You be careful with the camera.It costs!,答案,解析,4.(2015陕西卷改编)You feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.,答案,解析,5.(2015福建卷改编)Sorry,Mum! I failed the job interview again. Oh,its too bad.You have made full preparations.,答案,解析,6.(2015安徽卷改编)It is lucky we booked a room,or we (have)nowhere to stay now.,答案,解析,7.(2015北京卷改编)If I (not see)it with my own eyes,I wouldnt have believed it.,答案,解析,8.(2015天津卷改编)I wish I (be)at my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.,答案,解析,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,2.must 表示推测时的结构 (1)表示对现在或将来事实的推测用“must+动词原形”的结构形式。 He must feel very happy once he gets the good news. 一旦他得到这个好消息,他肯定感到非常开心。 Mr.Wang must be out now,for no one answers the doorbell. 王先生此时肯定没在家,因为没有人回应门铃。 (2)表示对此时此刻正在发生的动作的推测用“must+be doing”结构形式。 The girl must be practicing the piano in the next room.She does so at the same time every day. 那个女孩肯定正在隔壁弹钢琴。她每天此时都弹钢琴。,情态动词,虚拟语气,(3)表示对过去或已完成事实的推测用“must have done”的结构形式。 Your words must have had an influence on him,for he has changed a lot. 你的话语对他肯定产生了影响,因为他改变了许多。 It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet. 昨天晚上肯定下雨了,因为地面是湿的。 I saw him playing basketball on the playground this morning.He must have recovered from his foot injury. 今天上午我看到他在操场上打篮球了,他的脚伤肯定好了。,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,2.虚拟条件句的倒装与省略 如果虚拟条件句中有were,had(助动词)或should时,可将were,had或should提前到主语之前形成倒装结构,同时省去if。若虚拟条件句为否定句时,not不提前。 If John were here,he would solve the problem easily. 如果约翰在这儿,他会很容易地解决这一问题。 Were John here,he would solve the problem easily. If you had told me you would come in advance,I would have made arrangements. 如果你提前告知我你要来,我就会做好一切安排的。 Had you told me you would come in advance,I would have made arrangements.,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,If it should rain tomorrow,all the crops would be saved. 如果明天下雨的话,所有庄稼就有救了。 Should it rain tomorrow,all the crops would be saved. If you hadnt warned me of the terrible weather,I would have been caught in the heavy rain. 如果你没有提醒我恶劣天气的话,我就会淋到大雨的。 Had you not warned me of the terrible weather,I would have been caught in the heavy rain.,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,3.错综时间条件句 虚拟条件句和主句动作发生的时间不一致,主句和从句的谓语要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 If I were you,I wouldnt have missed the film last night. 如果我是你,我就不会错过昨晚那部电影了。(从句现在主句过去) If they had left home in the early morning,they would arrive in half an hour. 要是他们一大早离开家的话,再过半个小时他们就该到了。(从句过去主句将来) If he had spent more time practising speaking English before,he would be able to speak it much better now. 如果他以前花更多的时间来练习说英语的话,现在他就能说得更好了。(从句过去主句将来),情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,4.含蓄虚拟条件句 通过上下文或用介词短语等表示虚拟条件取代虚拟条件句。常用的介词有with,without,but for,otherwise,or等。 But for your help,we couldnt have succeeded. 要不是你的帮助,我们是不会成功的。 Without electricity,life would be quite different today. 如果没有电,今天的生活就会完全不同。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,二、虚拟语气用于名词性从句中 1.用于宾语从句中 (1)wish后面所跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气。 表示对现在情况的虚拟:wish+主语+动词过去式或were+其他 表示对过去情况的虚拟:wish+主语+had+过去分词+其他 表示对将来情况的虚拟:wish+主语+would/could+动词原形+其他 I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. 我希望我是只小鸟,能在天空自由飞翔。 How I wish I had listened to my parents advice! 我多么希望听了父母的建议! How I wish it werent raining now. 我多希望现在没下雨啊。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,(2)含有表示要求(request,require,demand)、建议(suggest,advise,recommend,propose)、命令(order,command)、主张(insist)等词或其变形的名词性从句(宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)中,常用虚拟语气结构“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。 He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day. 他建议我们第二天早点出发。 (3)在would rather后的宾语从句中,也用虚拟语气,其结构为: would rather sb.+过去时(与现在事实相反)/过去完成时(与过去事实相反) I would rather they didnt hear of the news. 我宁愿他们没听到那个消息。 I would rather you hadnt told him the news yet. 我宁愿你没把消息告诉他。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,2.用于主语从句中 It is desired/suggested/proposed/recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity/essential.+that从句,从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。 It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.人们建议会议推迟到下周。 It is strange that he (should) have acted toward his parents like that. 真奇怪他竟然那样对他父母。(act在主句谓语动词be之前发生,所以要用should have acted) Its strongly suggested that measures(should) be taken to forbid students to cheat in the exams. 强烈建议采取措施来禁止学生在考试中作弊。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,3.用于表语从句和同位语从句中 在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,request,advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,其构成是“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。 My idea is that we (should) think it over before accepting it. 我的意见是在接受之前要反复考虑。 We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Dalian for sightseeing. 我们都同意他让我们去大连旅游的建议。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,Its high time that we devoted/should devote ourselves to environmental protection and ecological improvement. 是我们致力于环境保护和生态改善的时候了。 If only I had not been ill last week! 要是上周我没病该多好啊! Dont handle the vase as if it were made of steel. 不要对待那个花瓶就像它是由钢制成似的。,情态动词,虚拟语气,一,二,三,附:特殊结构中虚拟语气黄金口诀 虚拟用在名从中,should do结构要记清; 一个坚持两命令,三个要求四建议; it作主后有形,奇怪重要自然行; wish之后有宾从,虚拟时态退一层; as if/if only/would rather,时态也要退一层; Its high time that sb.did sth.此种形式要记清。,一,二,三,四,一、 用适当的情态动词填空 1. I have a word with you?It wont take long. 2.Ive ordered some pizza,so we not worry about cooking when we get home tired. 3.You not get the machine repaired this week.I wont need it until next month. 4.No student go out of the school campus after 10:00 at night without permission according to the school regulations. 5.No one be more generous;he has a heart of gold. 6.The door not open,no matter how hard she pushed. 7.The children have got lost in the woods;otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.,Can/May,need,need,shall,could,would,must,一,二,三,四,8.He not sleep,although he tried to,when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it. 9.When I was a child,I watch TV whenever I wanted to. 10.What are you doing this Saturday? Im not sure,but I go to the Rolling Stones concert.,could,could,might,一,二,三,四,二、用适当的动词形式填空 1.We (be) back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map. 2. (be) there no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. 3.We would rather our daughter (stay) at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer. 4.They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they (come) to our help. 5.How did you do in the test? Not so well.I (do) much better but I misread the directions for Part D. 6.If we (book) a table earlier,we couldnt be standing here in a queue.,would be,Were,stayed,would have come,could have done,had booked,一,二,三,四,7.Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam (be) at the age of six months old. 8.I (go) to my cousins birthday party last night,but I was not available. 9.Do you think George has passed the driving test? No.If so,he (drive) his car to our college yesterday. 10.Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she (live) there,she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.,(should) be,would have gone,would have driven,were to live/should live,三、语法填空 How many of us can really ever thank our mothers 1. what they do for us?I am now 40 years old,so its been a lot of years that Ive had my moms loving 2. (guide)and direction behind me pushing me gently when I need it. When I was ill,Mom would take care of me 3. (condition).When I had a terrible dream,she would never yell me for stealing into her bed.4. I graduated from college,she took pride in me as I walked across that stage.When life would get me down,she would tell me that its always dark 5. the dawn.Shes always been my greatest support,6. (keep) me up when life tried to defeat me.She never told me that anything was impossible or that I set 7. goals too high.With a gentle guiding hand she got me back on the right track if I faltered (摇晃).,一,二,三,四,for,guidance,unconditionally,When,before,keeping,my,一,二,三,四,A simple thank you will never be enough for the kindness and love she 8. (show) to me over the years.My mom deserves more than flowers,candy or 9. gifts.There isnt a gift in the world that could ever express my thanks for 10. she has done for me over the years.,has shown,other,what,一,二,三,四,四、短文改错 I moved to live with my grandparents at the age of ten.My parents which worked in another city usually came to meet us a few time every month.It was a wonderfully feeling knowing that my parents were arriving.Every weekend,I couldnt wait to seeing them.Usually my parents got home very late on the Friday nights or early Saturday mornings.Whenever we arrived,I was usually asleep then.My parents quickly fell asleep like kids after the long tired journey.My mother woke me up about 7 oclock the next morning.Then we both went to the kitchen and make tea for the family.Then we sat together but shared our experiences of the week.,一,二,三,四,
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