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专题二 夹叙夹议文,【文体攻略】 这种文体的语言既有记叙文的特点:借助叙述、描写、抒情等手段记叙社会生活中的人、事、景、物的情态及其发展过程,用以表现作者思想,抒发作者情感;同时又具有议论文的语言个性(语言自然、客观、准确,逻辑性强,且具有概括性)。 夹叙夹议型完形填空一般有以下三个结构模式: 1.先叙述作者自己的某一生活经历或见闻,然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法,或揭示生活的真理,耐人寻味。 2.作者先提出一种观点或看法,然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明,有时也可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。 3.作者先提出一种观点和见解,然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点,最后再进一步地总结和升华。,解答这类题目的技巧和思路有: 1.大家在做这类完形填空题时,抓住作者的观点或作者阐述的生活哲理是关键。因为作者叙述所发生的事情或事例是为其要表达的思想服务的。 2.文章的首句一般是一个完整的富有哲理的句子,这个句子不容忽视,因为它往往是全文的关键句,甚至是文章的主题。 3.抓住文章的线索,弄明白文章的逻辑关系。夹叙夹议文是记叙和议论在文中交错运用,解题时一定要随着记叙与议论的转换,及时调整思维方式。 4.叙与议是一个有机的整体,“叙”是“议”的基础,即议论不能脱离记叙,必须在记叙的基础上展开;“议”是“叙”的渗透,即议论在记叙的基础上发表,且要有一定的深度与广度。二者水乳交融,互为一体。,【典例示范】,(2015课标全国卷) Where do you go when you want to learn something?School?A friend?A tutor?These are all 41 places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead.I had the 43 of seeing this first hand on a 44 . My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did very well this season and so 45 a tournament,which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 47 trained.Through the first two games,her 48 did not get one serious shot on goal.As a parent,I 49 seeing my daughter playing her best, 50 still defeated. It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday.When they 52 for their Sunday game,they were 53 different.They had begun to integrate(融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 the day before into their 55 .They played aggressively and 56 scored a goal.,It 57 me that playing against the other team was a great 58 moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle. 59 is the best teacher.The lessons they learned may not be 60 what they would have gotten in school,but are certainly more personal and meaningful,because they had to work them out on their own. 41.A.public B.traditional C.official D.special 42.A.passes B.works C.lies D.ends 43.A.dream B.idea C.habit D.chance 44.A.trip B.holiday C.weekend D.square 45.A.won B.entered C.organized D.watched 46.A.painful B.strange C.common D.practical 47.A.less B.poorly C.newly D.better,48.A.fans B.tutors C.class D.team 49.A.imagined B.hated C.avoided D.missed 50.A.if B.or C.but D.as 51.A.girls B.parents C.coaches D.viewers 52.A.dressed B.showed up C.made up D.planned 53.A.slightly B.hardly C.basically D.completely 54.A.seen B.known C.heard D.read 55.A.styles B.training C.game D.rules 56.A.even B.still C.seldom D.again 57.A.confused B.struck C.reminded D.warned 58.A.touching B.thinking C.encouraging D.learning 59.A.Experience B.Independence C.Curiosity D.Interest 60.A.harmful to B.mixed with C.different from D.applied to,【语篇导读】本文以叙事为主,但是最后的评论却是文章的点题之笔。你从哪儿学到东西呢?学校?朋友?老师?这些都是传统的学习的地方。作者通过自己的女儿所在的娱乐球队与一个专业俱乐部的比赛,明白了经验才是孩子们最好的老师。 41.B 由上文的“School?A friend?A tutor?”可知,这些地方都是一些人们学习东西的传统的地方,故B项traditional为正确答案。许多考生误选C项,official的含义为“官方的,正式的”,与句意不符。 42.C pass“通过,经过”;work“工作”;lie“位于,在于”;end“结束”。由空后的somewhere else以及本句句意“但是很有可能你真正想要学习的地方在其他地方”可知选C项。 43.D 根据下文作者讲述自己亲眼看见了女儿打比赛的过程以及感受可知,此处应用chance。“我有机会亲眼看见这一切”。,44.C 由第三段第一句中的Saturday and Sunday可知,这场比赛是在周末举行。 45.B 由本句的“They did very well this season.”可知,她们这个赛季做得很好,所以他们进入通常只有那些更有技能的俱乐部球队参加的联赛。win“赢得”;enter“进入”;organize“组织”;watch“观看”。故选B项。 46.A 根据第二段最后一句“.seeing my daughter playing her best, still defeated.”可知,对于作者的女儿所在的球队来说,这些是痛苦的经历。故选A项。 47.D 根据上一句中的only for more skilled club teams及下文语境可推知对方“受过更好的训练”。 48.D 由第二段前三句可知,作者女儿的球队进入了联赛,她的球队遇上了更出色的球队,故此处用team表示“她的球队没有得分的射门”。,49.B imagine“想象”;hate“不喜欢”;avoid“避免”;miss“错过,思念”。由句首的As a parent可知,作为家长,作者不愿意见到女儿失败。故选B项。 50.C 由空前的playing her best以及空后的still defeated可知,前后是转折关系,故选but。 51.A 根据第二段可知作者女儿的球队与另外一个球队进行比赛,及最后一段第一句“.for all the girls.”可推出作者女儿的球队都是女孩子。故选A项。 52.B dress“穿”;show up“出现”;make up“弥补,化妆,组成”;plan“计划”。句意:当她们出场参加周日的比赛时。故选B项。 53.D slightly“轻微地”;hardly“几乎不”;basically“基本地”;completely“完全地”。根据下一句可知这些女孩子的表现与周六大不相同,故选D项。 54.A 由空后的the day before可知,她们把前一天所看到的足球的踢法及团队合作融合到了她们自己的比赛中。 55.C style“风格”;training“训练”;game“比赛”;rule“规则”。由上一句可知她们是来参加比赛的,故此处应选择game。,56.A 句意:她们踢得很有冲劲,甚至得了一分。even“甚至”;still“仍旧”;seldom“很少”;again“又,再”。故选A项。 57.B confuse“困惑”;strike“撞,打击”;remind“提醒”;warn“警告”。句意:我突然想到,与另一个球队的比赛。句型It struck sb that.意为“某人突然想到”。 58.D 由下文第59个空后的the best teacher以及第60个空后的in school可推知,此处应用learning,表示“对于这个队所有的女孩子们来说,都是一个学习的机会”。 59.A experience“经验”;independence“独立”;curiosity“好奇心”;interest“兴趣”。由第46个空后的experiences可推知答案为experience。句意:经验是最好的老师。 60.C be harmful to“对有害”;be mixed with“与混合”;be different from“与不同”;be applied to“被应用到”。句意:他们学到的课程可能不会与他们在学校里所学到的有所不同。故选C项。 【文章结构】,A,B,A From my second grade on,there was one event I feared every year:the piano recital(独奏会).A recital 1 I had to practice a boring piece of music and perform before strangers.,1.A.reflected B.explained C.meant D.proved 解析:前文提到钢琴独奏会,此处解释独奏会的含义。一场独奏会对“我”来说就是“我”不得不练习一首无聊的乐曲,并在陌生人面前演奏。mean “意味着”;reflect “反映,反射”;explain “解释”;prove “证明”。 答案:C,A,B,Each year I 2 ask my father if I could skip the recital “just this once”.And each year hed shake his head,2.A.would B.could C.might D.should 解析:每一年“我”都会常常问父亲“这次”能不能不参加独奏会。would “过去常常,总是”;could “能够”;might “可以”;should “应该”。 答案:A,A,B,And each year hed shake his head,muttering(嘀咕) 3 about building self-confidence and working towards a 4 .,3.A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.something 解析:此处表示的是父亲会嘀咕一些建立自信及朝着一个目标努力的东西。此处something指“想来重要(或值得注意)的事物”;nothing “什么也没有”;everything “一切”;anything “任何东西”。 答案:D 4.A.goal B.stage C.journey D.chance 解析:根据下文“我”从父亲的首次独奏会上学习的东西可知父亲嘀咕的是朝着一个目标努力,故选A项。goal “目标”;stage “舞台,阶段”;journey “旅程”;chance “机会”。 答案:A,A,B,So it was with really great 5 that I stood in church one recent Sunday,video camera in hand,and 6 my 68-year-old father sweating,5.A.trouble B.satisfaction C.strength D.disappointment 解析:此处是强调句型,强调状语with really great satisfaction。前文提到“我”不愿意参加独奏会,后文提到“我”要观看父亲举行的第一次独奏会,故应是感到 “满足,满意”,有暗自庆幸之意。trouble “麻烦”;strength “力气,力量”;disappointment “失望”。 答案:B 6.A.kept B.sent C.watched D.felt 解析:前文提到“我”坐在教堂里手里拿着录像机,故此处应是要观看父亲的演出。keep “坚持”;send “送”;watch “观看”;feel “感觉”。 答案:C,A,B,in his shirt 7 rising to play the piano in his very first recital. My father had longed to play music since childhood,but his family was poor and couldnt 8 lessons.He could have gone on regretting it,7.A.through B.from C.against D.before 解析:前文提到父亲汗流浃背,后文提到此次演奏是父亲的首次表演,故此处用before,表示父亲演奏之前很紧张,故选D项。 答案:D 8.A.miss B.afford C.select D.understand 解析:根据前文父亲的家里很穷可知此处表示的是付不起学钢琴的钱,故选B项。afford “付得起的费用”;miss “错过,想念”;select “选择,选举”;understand “理解”。 答案:B,A,B,9 too many of us do.But though he was rooted in his past,he wasnt 10 there.When he retired three years ago,9.A.as B.once C.if D.while 解析:前文提到父亲家庭条件不好,没能够学习弹钢琴,故此处指的是他本可以像“我”们大多数人那样一直遗憾下去。as“正如,好像”,引导方式状语从句;once“曾经”;if “如果”;while “然而”。 答案:A 10.A.educated B.protected C.stuck D.spoilt 解析:根据前文尽管他念念不忘过去但“他并没有沉浸其中”,故选C项。stick“陷在,卡在”;educate“教育”;protect“保护”;spoil “宠爱,溺爱”。 答案:C,A,B,he 11 his church music director to take him as a student. For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard,he 12 stared down at his fingers.,11.A.allowed B.invited C.inspired D.persuaded 解析:根据后文“我”父亲举行独奏会可知他应该是说服了教堂的音乐总监收他为徒,故选D项。persuade“说服,劝服”;allow“允许”;invite“邀请”;inspire“鼓舞,激励”。 答案:D 12.A.roughly B.simply C.merrily D.curiously 解析:根据前文父亲在钢琴前坐下及后文“我”的担心可知,父亲没有弹奏只是低头盯着自己的手指,故选B项。simply “仅仅,只是”;roughly“粗糙地,大致地”;merrily“高兴地”;curiously“好奇地”。 答案:B,A,B,Has he forgotten the 13 ?I worried,remembering those split seconds 14 ago when my mind would go blank,13.A.words B.videos C.notes D.lessons 解析:根据前文父亲的表现:只是低头凝视着自己的手指,及“我”担心父亲是否忘了“音符”可知选C项。note“音符”;word“话,语言”;video“视频”;lesson“课”。 答案:C 14.A.decades B.weeks C.hours D.moments 解析:此处表示的是“我”记起了数十年前“我”演奏时大脑一片空白、手指僵硬的时刻,故选A项。decades ago “数十年前”。 答案:A,A,B,and my fingers would 15 .But then came the beautiful melody(旋律),from the 16 fingers that once baited(装饵于) my fishing lines.,15.A.play B.freeze C.click D.adjust 解析:根据大脑一片空白可知此处表示的是手指僵硬,故选B项。play “弹奏,玩耍”;freeze “冻僵,僵硬”;click “点击”;adjust “调整”。 答案:B 16.A.same B.warm C.different D.dirty 解析:根据后文曾经为“我”的渔线上装鱼饵可知,这美妙的音乐与之出自同一双手,故选A项。 答案:A,A,B,And I 17 he had been doing what music teachers always stress: 18 the music and pretend the others arent there.,17.A.predicted B.realized C.imagined D.insisted 解析:此处指的是“我”意识到他根据音乐老师一直强调的来做,故选B项。realize“意识到”;predict“预测,预见”;imagine “想象”;insist“坚持”。 答案:B 18.A.pass over B.turn up C.bring in D.concentrate on 解析:根据下文假装没有人在那儿可知,音乐老师一直强调的是把注意力放在音乐上,故选D项。pass over“置之不理,忽视”;turn up “出现,调大”;bring in“带来,引进”;concentrate on “集中注意力于”。 答案:D,A,B,“Im 19 of him for starting something new at his age,”I said to my son Jeff. “Yeah,and doing it so 20 ,”Jeff added. With his first recital,my father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago. 【语篇导读】父亲的首次钢琴独奏会使“我”明白了“开始新的东西永不为迟”的道理,同时也让“我”明白了勇气和决心的含义,这是任何语言所不能比拟的。,A,B,19.A.ashamed B.aware C.tired D.proud 解析:父亲在这个年纪还能学习新的东西,“我”为他感到自豪,故选D项。be proud of “对自豪”;be ashamed of “对感到羞愧”;be aware of “意识到”;be tired of “对感到厌烦”。 答案:D 20.A.casually B.anxiously C.nicely D.frequently 解析:根据“Yeah”可知儿子很赞同“我”说的话,“而且演奏得真是太好了”。故选C项。nicely“好极了”;casually “随意地”;anxiously“焦急地”;frequently“经常地,频繁地”。 答案:C,A,B,B Lara was dying to discover how college could benefit her.Day after day,she sat in the 1 ,waiting for something her professors said to have a(n) 2 .,1.A.study B.theater C.classroom D.hall 解析:A项“学习”;B项“剧院”;C项“教室”;D项“大厅”。根据第一句Lara was dying to discover how college could benefit her劳拉急于知道大学对她有何益处可知,她应是坐在教室听教授讲课,故选C项。 答案:C 2.A.judgment B.result C.joke D.influence 解析:A项“判断”;B项“结果”;C项“玩笑”;D项“影响”。根据后文waiting for something her professors said to have a(n) 可知她是等着教授说一些对她有所影响的事,故选D项。 答案:D,A,B,By the end of the semester nothing 3 had happened and she was 4 .,3.A.strange B.negative C.impressive D.moving 解析:A项“奇怪的”;B项“负面的”;C项“印象深刻的”;D项“感人的”。根据后文and asked,“Is this all there is?”她去问这就是全部吗,可知没有对她印象深刻的内容,故选C项。 答案:C 4.A.puzzled B.disappointed C.pleased D.worried 解析:A项“迷惑的”;B项“失望的”;C项“高兴的”;D项“担忧的”。前文说没有对她印象深刻的内容,可知她应该是感到失望,故选B项。 答案:B,A,B,She approached one of her 5 and asked,“Is this all there is?” The teacher looked at her for a moment and answered,“For you,apparently so.” As simple as it is,this story contains an important 6 for all potential students to learn:,5.A.professors B.classmates C.teammates D.partners 解析:根据前文Day after day,she sat in the ,waiting for something her professors (她坐在教室等待教授告诉她对她来说有影响的东西),可知无所得后她就去找教授询问,故选A项。 答案:A 6.A.truth B.symbol C.memory D.reality 解析:A项“事实,真相”;B项“象征”;C项“钱”;D项“现实”。根据句子As simple as it is,this story contains an important for all potential students to learn可知,这个故事包含的是一个事实,故选A项。 答案:A,A,B,you cannot depend entirely on others to 7 you.If you do,you will get 8 with the education system with its inefficiencies and imperfections.,7.A.change B.educate C.follow D.invite 解析:A项“改变”;B项“教”;C项“跟随”;D项“邀请”。根据句子you cannot depend entirely on others to you(你不能只依靠别人来教你)可知选B项。 答案:B 8.A.concerned B.frustrated C.satisfied D.connected 解析:A项“关心”;B项“沮丧”;C项“满意”;D项“联系”。根据句子you will get with the education system with its inefficiencies and imperfections.可知,你若仅依靠别人来教你,你会对教育系统的不足和不完美感到沮丧,故选B项。 答案:B,A,B,Youll enjoy your educational experience more and get more 9 if you realize that 10 education is self-education,9.A.pleasure B.information C.benefit D.help 解析:A项“愉悦”;B项“信息”;C项“益处”;D项“帮助”。根据句子Youll enjoy your educational experience more and get more 可知你会享受你的教育经历并得到更多益处,故选C项。 答案:C 10.A.compulsory B.formal C.real D.public 解析:A项“义务的”;B项“正式的”;C项“真正的”;D项“公共的”。根据句子if you realize that education is self-education可知,如果你意识到真正的教育是自我教育,你将会享受你的教育经历并得到更多益处,故选C项。 答案:C,A,B,as it is you who 11 how much and how well you will learn. Learning is a partnership of two or more willing minds.Your teachers can 12 you with information and guidance,11.A.decides B.notices C.recognizes D.guesses 解析:A项“决定”;B项“通知”;C项“辨认出”;D项“猜出”。根据句子as it is you who how much and how well you will learn可知正是你自己决定你会学多少以及学得多好,故选A项。 答案:A 12.A.assist B.mix C.honor D.charge 解析:A项“帮助”;B项“混合”;C项“敬佩”;D项“收费”。根据句子Your teachers can you with information and guidance可知老师可以帮助你获得知识并引导你,故选A项。 答案:A,A,B,but much of the responsibility to learn is on your 13 .If you welcome this 14 ,13.A.family B.desk C.feet D.shoulders 解析:A项“家”;B项“桌子”;C项“脚”;D项“肩膀”。根据句子but much of the responsibility to learn is on your 以及常识可知,大部分要学的责任还是在你肩上,故选D项。 答案:D 14.A.trick B.fun C.luck D.responsibility 解析:A项“诡计”;B项“趣味”;C项“幸运”;D项“责任”。根据句子If you welcome this ,you will exercise more可知如果你欢迎责任,你会得到更多锻炼,故选D项。 答案:D,A,B,you will exercise more control over your 15 experience,both in and out of the classroom.Then,even if some of your instructors 16 to meet their responsibilities in the partnership,15.A.business B.travel C.college D.work 解析:A项“商业”;B项“旅行”;C项“大学”;D项“工作”。根据句子you will exercise more control over your experience,both in and out of the classroom可知选C项。 答案:C 16.A.fail B.continue C.stop D.desire 解析:A项“失败”;B项“继续”;C项“停止”;D项“渴望”。根据句子even if some of your instructors to meet their responsibilities in the partnership可知,此处表示尽管你为承担团队责任做出的指导失败了,故选A项。 答案:A,A,B,you can still 17 the situation from your side. Having more control will make you feel more fully involved,and feeling more involved will make you more 18 about your education;,17.A.damage B.control C.avoid D.describe 解析:A项“伤害”;B项“控制”;C项“避免”;D项“描述”。前文说尽管你为承担团队责任做出的指导失败了,你仍能从内部控制这种情形,故选B项。 答案:B 18.A.scared B.enthusiastic C.careful D.guilty 解析:A项“害怕的”;B项“热情的”;C项“认真的”;D项“内疚的”。根据句子Having more control will make you feel more fully involved,and feeling more involved will make you more about your education可知,更多的控制会使你觉得对你的教育更有热情,故选B项。 答案:B,A,B,19 ,you will not only increase your capacity to learn but will probably 20 the process more.You will also experience a greater sense of freedom and direction.,19.A.in particular B.for example C.in other words D.as a result 解析:A项“特别地”;B项“例如”;C项“换句话说”;D项“结果”,根据后文内容可知,应是“结果你不仅会增加学习能力,还会”。故选D项。 答案:D 20.A.believe B.doubt C.regret D.enjoy 解析:A项“相信”;B项“怀疑”;C项“后悔”;D项“喜欢,享受”。根据句子you will not only increase your capacity to learn but will probably the process more可知你不仅会增加学习能力,还会享受这个过程,故选D项。 答案:D,
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