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Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars,-2-,主题语境:人与自然太空探索,-3-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.harmful adj. 有害的 高考佳句 Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.(2015江苏卷)生产过程中产生的许多废料也是有害的。 be harmful to对有害 do sb harm/do harm to sb 对某人有害 mean no harm无意伤害别人,没有恶意 harm ones image/reputation 损害某人的形象/名声 do more harm than good弊大于利 There is no harm in(sb s)doing sth =It does no harm(for sb )to do sth (某人)做某事没有坏处,-4-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 Dont believe him.No harm (do)to him ever since. As second-hand smoking is (harm)and dangerous,people want a total ban against smoking in public. They dont usually employ untrained workers,but theres no harm in (try) your fortune. (2)一句多译 如果使用不当,这种药物会对你造成伤害。 (harm n.) (harmful),has been done,harmful,trying,If used improperly,the medicine will be harmful to you.,If used improperly,the medicine will do/cause harm to you/do you harm.,-5-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(3)完成句子 Fruit juice can (损坏) childrens teeth. What he did (损害) his reputation. He may look fierce,but he (并无恶意).,be harmful to,harmed,means no harm,-6-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.exist vi.存在;生存 高考佳句 If it werent for Rachel Carson,the environmental movement might not exist today.(2016全国卷)如果没有雷切尔卡逊的话,环保运动今天可能就不存在。 There exists/existed.有,存在 exist in存在于之中 exist on靠为生 exist by靠生存 come into existence开始存在;成立 bring into existence使发生;产生 exist为不及物动词,因此没有被动语态,且通常不用于进行时。,-7-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 There a good way to solve the problem in geography(exist). This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in (exist). (2)完成句子 Do you know when this kind of robot ? 你知道这种机器人是什么时候问世的吗? According to some philosopher, is reasonable. 某位哲学家认为,存在的事物都是合理的。 It was impossible for them to . 他们要靠这么少的收入生活是不可能的。,exists,existing,existence,came into existence,everything in existence,exist on such a small income,-8-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,3.pull vt. 拉,拖,拔;移动n.拉(力);拖;牵引力 高考佳句 On a family car trip,her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter,as a surprise for her niece.(2016四川卷)在一次家庭汽车旅行中,她的姑姑Dede掏出一本哈利波特,当作送给侄女的一个惊喜。 pull ahead(of sb/sth)领先(于某人/物) pull in进站停靠 pull off(sth)(车辆或司机)驶向路边短暂停车 pull out驶离(车站),驶出;退出 pull on穿上(衣服、袜子等),戴上(手套等) pull together齐心协力;通力合作,-9-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)用pull的相关短语填空 I arrived as the last train was . So long as we ,there s no mountain top we cant conquer. (2)写作升级 The train (已进站停靠)and the passengers are boarding it now. 满分表达 ,the passengers are boarding it now.(独立主格结构),pulling out,pull together,has pulled in,The train having pulled in,-10-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,1.in time 及时(相当于early enough,soon enough);终于,早晚(相当于sooner or later) 高考佳句 This tour transports you back in time to one of San Franciscos most fantastic periods,the 1950s!(2017全国卷)这次旅行会及时把你带回到旧金山最繁华的时期之一,20世纪50年代!,-11-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,be in time for sth /be in time to do sth 对于某事是及时的/及时做某事 ahead of time提前;提早 all the time一直;始终 at one time曾经;一度 at a time每一次;逐一;依次 at times有时 at the same time同时;然而,不过 from time to time不时;偶尔 in no time立刻;马上 take ones time不急,慢慢来 time and time again一次又一次;一再,-12-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练 (1)用time的相关短语填空 All passengers found injured in the accident were sent to the nearby hospital . she wanted to be a nurse,but the thought of working at night put her off. They ran all the way to the corner just to catch the bus. My honey,life is very difficult and cruel .Wipe your tears. Deal with your questions separately,one .,in no time,At one time,in time,at times,at a time,-13-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,(2)同义句改写 If you study hard,you will succeed in time. If you study hard,you will succeed .,sooner or later,-14-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,2.break out 突发;爆发(无被动语态) 经典例句Trouble may break out at any moment.灾难在任何时候都可能爆发。 break away from脱离(政党等);打破(陈规等) break down出故障;(计划等)失败;(身体、精神等)垮掉 break in破门而入,闯入;打断(谈话)等 break into破门而入;突然开始 break off折断;突然中止;断绝 break through突破,-15-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,词语辨析 come about,happen,take place,break out与occur come about“发生”,相当于happen,take place。后面不可以跟宾语,也不可以使用被动语态 happen强调偶然发生 take place 指按计划、安排发生 break out 多用于指战争、火灾、疾病、疫情等突然爆发 occur 常用于句式:sth occurs to sb “某事发生在某人身上”,-16-,高频单词,重点短语,难点句型,四维热练用break的相关短语填空 A terrible tsunami in the southeastern countries of Asia in December,2004. Negotiations between the two sides have . His house last week with many treasures stolen.,broke out,broken down,was broken into,-17-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,1.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.(Page 26)这就产生了一个连锁反应,使得生命的发展成为可能。 句型:make+宾语+宾语补足语 在此结构中通常可用it做形式宾语,把真正的宾语置于宾语补足语之后,可用作宾语补足语的有名词、代词、形容词、不带to的动词不定式、过去分词、介词短语等。当make变为被动语态时,不定式作为主语的补足语要带to。,-18-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 People in the west make it a rule (buy) Christmas presents for their relatives and friends. My parents would like to make me (study) 24 hours a day. The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself (hear).,to buy,study,heard,-19-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,(2)一句多译 精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。 Mastering the technology . (不定式做宾语) Mastering the technology .(从句做宾语),makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively,makes it possible that we can use the Internet more effectively,-20-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,2. .I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(Page 31)我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。 倍数的表达方式: (1)倍数+as.as. (2)倍数+比较级+than (3)倍数+the size/height/length/width.+of. (4)倍数+what从句 (5)倍数+that of.,-21-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 (1)单句改错 The red ruler is three times at the length of the yellow one. It is shown that men have twice as more serious accidents as women do on average while driving according to recent statistics. (2)一句多译 这张桌子是那张的三倍大。 ,去掉at moremany This table is three times bigger than that one. This table is three times as big as that one. This table is three times the size of that one.,-22-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,3.“Oh dear,” I cried,“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”(Page 31)“天哪,”我大声说,“重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了。” now that“既然,由于”,是连词词组,引导原因状语从句,表示明显的原因或既成的事实。口语中that常可省略。 其他表示原因的连词或介词短语: (1)because因为(表示直接而明确的原因,语气较重,常用于回答why引导的疑问句) (2)since因为;既然(可与now that互换) (3)as因为(语气较弱) (4)for因为(并列连词,引导一个分句,不能置于句首,表示进一步补充说明) (5)due to,because of,on account of,owing to,thanks to,as a result of等,-23-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,四维热练 (1)单句语法填空 youre here,why not have a drink? The school was moved out of downtown the number of students had grown too large. It must have rained last night, the ground is wet. (2)单句改错 He was angry because what he said.,Since,as,for,what前加of,-24-,重点短语,难点句型,高频单词,(3)翻译句子 既然这是最后一次机会,你应该抓住它。 他不会对你撒谎,因为他一向很诚实。,Now (that) this is the last chance,you should catch it. He cant tell lies to you,for he is always honest.,
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