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,必修5 Unit 1Unit 5,Unit 3 Life in the future,1_(adj.) 在前的；早先的 2_(n.) 指导；向导；导游 (vt.) 指引；指导 3_(vt.) 容忍；忍受 4_(vi.&vt.) 缺乏；没有 (n.) 缺乏；短缺的东西 5_(n.) 开关；转换 (vt.) 转换 6_(adj.) 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的,重点单词,previous,guide,tolerate,lack,switch,greedy,7_(n.)印象；感想；印记_(v.)使留下深刻印象_(adj.)给人深刻印象的 8_(adj.)时常发生的；连续不断的_(adv.)不断地 9_(n.)周围的事物；环境_(adj.)周围的_(vt.)围绕 10_(n.)调整；调节_(vt.)调整；使适应 11_(vi.&vt.)按；压；逼迫(n.)按；压；印刷；新闻_(n.)压力,impression,impress,impressive,constant,constantly,surroundings,surrounding,surround,adjustment,adjust,press,pressure,12_(adj.)乐观(主义)的_(反义词，adj.)悲观(主义)的 13_(n.)瞬间；片刻(adj.)立即的；立刻的_(adv.)马上 14_(n.)代表；典型人物(adj.)典型的；有代表性的_(v.)代表 15_(n.)定居；解决_(v.)定居；解决,optimistic,pessimistic,instant,instantly,representative,represent,settlement,settl,1_ 拿起；接受；开始；继续 2_ (困境后)恢复；完全复原 3_ 看不见 4_ 打扫；横扫 5_ (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进 6_ 加速 7_ 使某人想起 8_ 与相似 9_ 向四面八方 10_ 带领某人参观,重点短语,take up be back on ones feet lose sight of. sweep up slide into speed up remind sb.of be similar to. in all directions show sb.around.,1Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. 由于缺乏新鲜的空气，我头痛。 解读 hit by a lack of fresh air 为过去分词短语作原因状语。 仿写 受到老师责备，女孩开始哭起来。 _，the girl began to cry.,经典句型,答案：Scolded by the teacher,2Well，now theres a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. 现在，这里有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。 解读 where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a system。 仿写 她处于无望的处境中，在这种情况下我们将密切关注她。 Shes in a hopeless situation，_ we will keep a very close eye on her.,答案：where,3Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累极了，悄悄爬上床很快就睡着了。 解读 exhausted为形容词化的分词在句中作原因状语。 仿写 长途旅行后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。 After the long journey，the three of them went back home，_.,答案：hungry and tired,4However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。 解读 what引导宾语从句。 仿写 前几天，我父亲开车以我认为危险的速度行驶。 The other day，my father drove his car at_I thought_.,答案：what；was a dangerous speed,1impression n. 印象；感想；印记 教材原句 FIRST IMPRESSIONS第一印象 见证2014Sofia looked around at all the faces：she had the impression that she has seen most of the guests before. Sofia 看着所有的面孔，感觉大部分客人她以前见过。 (2014浙江卷),板块一：核心单词,(1)make/leave/have an/the impression on/upon给留下印象 (2)impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记；打动 使某人铭记某事物 be impressed by/at/with对印象深刻 impressive adj.给人印象深刻的；难忘的,The physical appearance makes a good impression on others while the inner beauty will be remembered forever. 外表的美能给人留下美好的印象；而内在的美会使人铭记不忘。 My father always impresses _ me the importance of hard work. 我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。 Much _ by/at/with her diligence，the banker has decided to sponsor till she graduates from college. 那位银行家深深地被她的勤奋打动，决定资助她直到她大学毕业。,答案：on/upon impressed,2surroundings n环境；周围的事物(常用复数形式) 教材原句 At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 一开始新的环境让我很难忍受。,surround.with.用围起/包围 be surrounded by sb./sth.被围住；周围有很多 the surrounding area周围地区,Id like to bring up my child in healthy surroundings. 我想在健康的环境中养育我的孩子。 The lake is surrounded _. 湖边树木环绕。 The teacher sat on the grass，_his students. 那位老师坐在草地上，四周围着他的学生。 They came from the_. 他们来自周围的村庄。,答案：by/with trees surrounded by surrounding villages,3tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 教材原句 At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 一开始新的环境让我很难忍受。,(1)tolerate(ones/sb.) doing sth.容忍(某人)做某事 (2)tolerant adj.容忍的；宽容的 be tolerant of容忍 (3)与tolerate有相同含义的还有： stand(sb.)doing sth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事 bear sb.doing/to do sth.忍受/容忍某人做某事 put up with忍受；容忍,见证2014Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go. 并没有责怪那个打碎花瓶的男孩，她给了他一个宽容的微笑让他走了。 (2014湖北卷),Those who know to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life. 那些懂得容忍他人的人自然可以生活得幸福。 I cant tolerate_(speak)to your mother in such a rude manner. 我不容许你用这种无礼的方式跟你母亲说话。 I cant stand people_(interrupt)me all the time. 我不能容忍老有人打岔。,答案：speaking interrupting,4lack v&n.缺乏；缺少的东西 教材原句 Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 由于缺乏新鲜的空气，我感到头痛。,(1)lackn.缺乏 lack forn. 多用于否定句中 (2)for lack ofn.因缺乏 a lack ofn.缺乏 no lack of不缺乏 (3)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in缺少,见证2014Strange as it may seem，if youre unsatisfied，the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desiresnot that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you dont have enough tastes. 很奇怪，如果你不同意，问题不是你缺乏实现愿望的方法，而是缺乏愿望不是你不能满足你的品位，而是你没有足够的品位。 (2014福建卷阅读理解D),They are so rich that they lack(for) nothing. 他们很富有，不缺任何东西。 The plants died_water. 这些植物因缺水而枯死。 He is_responsibility. 他缺乏责任心。 Its more that _exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease. 正是缺乏运动使你身体虚弱，容易感染疾病。,答案：for lack of lacking in a lack of,5adjustment n调整，调节；适应 教材原句 Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation，Wang Ping appeared. 当我正在努力做必要的调整来适应新环境时，王平出现了。 见证2014Obviously，students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule. 很显然，学生们在调整自己的睡眠周期以适应日常安排方面是很糟糕的。 (2014四川卷阅读理解D),make adjustments to调整，调节 adjust vt.调整，调节；(使)适应 adjust(oneself) to(doing) sth.适应(做)某事,Weve had to make some adjustment to our original plan in order to adjust/adapt ourselves to the new situation. 我们不得不对最初的计划进行一些调整以适应新的形势。 It took her a while to adjust to_(live)alone abroad. 过了一段时间她才适应了一个人在国外生活。 You can adjust the desk_the height of any child. 这张桌子可以配合小孩的高度任意调整。,答案：living to,6press vi.&vt.按；压；催促；n.按，压(常用单数)；新闻界；报刊(与the连用) 教材原句 These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat，you can move swiftly. 这些汽垫车是在地面上方飘浮着的。只要在座椅上用力打弯或压下(操纵杆)，你就可以迅速地移动。,猜一猜 观察句子，写出press的词性及含义 Just watch what will happen when I press the button._ Someones bag pressed hard against my back in the crowded train._ Every civilized country should ensure the freedom of the press._ Its reported that Mo Yans new book will come to press next month._,答案： vt.按 vi.压 n.新闻 n.印刷,见证2014In recent years，the commercial pressure from supermarket chains has forced village shops across the country to close. 近年来，来自超市连锁店的经济压力已经迫使全国的乡村商店倒闭。 (2014上海卷),(1)press sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事，劝说某人做某事 press.against把压/贴在上 (2)under pressure在压力下 put pressure on sb.给某人施加压力,If you press this button，the machine will start. 如果你按此电钮，机器将会运转。 Those little boys pressed their noses_the glass. 那些小男孩把他们的鼻子紧贴在玻璃上。 They are pressing us_(make) a quick decision. 他们正在敦促我们迅速做出决定。,答案：against to make,7switch n开关；转换 vt.转换 教材原句 Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen，and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic. 然后王平使电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下，于是一个桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般地从地板下面升了起来。,switch on(用开关)开；打开 switch to变换到 switch off(用开关)关上；关掉 switch over完全转变；转换(电视频道) make the switch(偷偷地)调换；调包；改变,见证2014After a week，the two groups switched with participants. 一周后，两组参与者成员交换。 (2014四川卷阅读理解E) More shoppers are making the switch to organic food. 更多的人开始改食有机食品。 Please_ as you leave. 你离开的时候请把灯关了。,答案：switch the lights off,8instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；立刻的 教材原句 You place the metal band over your head，clear your mind，press the sending button，think your message and the next instant its sent. 你把这种金属带子放在你的头上，排除杂念，按下发送键，集中精神想着你要传递的信息；片刻功夫信息就发出去了。,(1)the instant一就 in an instant立刻 for an instant一会儿 (2)instantly/immediately/directly conj.一就 (3)instant food 即食食品 instant coffee 速溶咖啡,I couldnt answer her question for an instant. 我一时无法回答她的问题。 The boss wants the job finished_. 老板要求立刻完成这项工作。 _Wang Yaping，a female astronaut，turned up at the meeting，the crowd cheered. 王亚平，一位女宇航员，一出现在会场上人群就欢呼起来。,答案：in an instant The instant/Instantly,9take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间) 教材原句 I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. 我仍然不能相信我是在接受这个去年获得的奖励。 见证2014This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs，or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. 这种影响也可以使一个朋友远离毒品，或者可以帮助一个成年人开始养成一个好习惯或改掉一个坏习惯。 (2014江苏卷任务型阅读),板块二：短语和句型,填一填 观察句子，写出句中take up的含义 Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？_ Important people dont often have much free time as their work takes up all their time._ After he retired from office，Royers took up painting for a while，but soon lost interest._ She took up the story where Tim had left off._,答案：接受 占用 从事 继续,take away 减去；拿走 take back 收回；使记起 take in 吸收；接纳；欺骗 take down 拆除；写下 take off 脱下；起飞；匆匆离开；成功 take on 呈现；开始雇用；承担；从事 take over 接收；接管；承袭 take turns 轮流,The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught. 学生们发现老师所教的东西很容易领会。 If you do not_what you said，I shall not speak to you any more. 如果你不收回你说的话，我再也不和你讲话了。 He is always ready to_heavy responsibilities. 他一向乐于挑重担。 Briggs will_as general manager when Mitchell retires. Mitchell退休之后，Briggs将接任总经理的职位。,答案：take back take on take over,10lose sight of 看不见；忽略，忘记 教材原句 However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔我看不见王平了。,(1)come into sight 进入视野内；映入眼帘 catch sight of. 望见；看到 lose ones sight 失明 (2)at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 看到 out of sight 看不到 in/within sight 在视野内,The place was so crowded；we soon lost sight of him. 那地方人太多，一会儿我们就看不见他了。 He ran fast and was soon_. 他跑得很快，一会儿就不见了。 _their demands seemed reasonable. 乍看起来，他们的要求似乎是合理的。 _the snake，the girl drew back. 一看到蛇，那女孩就往后退缩。,答案：out of sight At first sight At the sight of,11speed up 加速 教材原句 When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up，we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go. 当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们向下压踏板使它转向我们要去的方向。,at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速 at a speed of.以的速度 with all speed 尽快地 pick up speed 逐渐加速,Its dangerous to go round corners at high speed. 高速转弯很危险。 How did the accident come about since he drove_sixty miles per hour? 既然他以每小时60英里的速度开车，那么事故是怎样发生的呢？ Once outside the station，the train began to_. 一出车站，火车就开始加速。,答案：at a speed of pick up speed,填一填 根据提示写出下面“动词副词 up”的意义 hold up _ keep up _ set up _ bring up _ build up _ turn up _ clear up _,答案：举起；耽搁；延迟 保持；维持 建造；创立 教育；培养 逐步建立 出现；露面 整理；收拾；(天气)放晴,12Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 由于缺少新鲜空气，我感到头痛。,过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等，表示被动或完成。使用时应注意： (1)过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致(某些独立主格结构除外)； (2)过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。,Given another chance，they will do it much better. 如果再给他们一次机会，他们会把它做得更好。 _(bite) twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. 那个邮递员被狗咬了两次后，他拒绝给我们家送信，除非我们把狗拴上。 _(fill)with shame，the boy lowered his head，ready for the punishment from his dad. 男孩低着头，满是羞愧地等着父亲的惩罚。,答案：Bitten Filled,13Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累极了，悄悄爬上床就睡着了。,exhausted adj.“筋疲力尽的，疲惫不堪的”，在此处作状语，表示原因。 形容词(短语)和分词(短语)作状语的语法功能： 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。 表示方式，相当于一个副词或介词短语。 表示伴随，相当于一个并列句。,He spent seven days in the wind and snow，cold and hungry. 他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了7天。 Seriously _(injure)，some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once. 因严重受伤，其中有些乘客被立刻送到最近的医院。 For a moment she just stood there，unable_(believe)what had just happened. 她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，简直不能相信刚才发生的事。 He lay on the bed，_(wake) 他躺在床上，醒着。 The boy lay，_(relax)on the sofa. 小男孩放松地躺在沙发上。,答案：injured to believe awake relaxed,14Well，now theres a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. 现在，这里有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。,当先行词为system，case，point，position，situation，scene，condition等词且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where引导定语从句，有时where可用in which替换。,The accident has reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in. 事情发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。 We had to face the condition_ pressure was very heavy. 我们不得不面对压力巨大的情况。 Today，well discuss a number of cases _beginners of English are likely to meet with. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者可能遇到的情况。,答案：答案：where which/that,.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1_(heat)，water changes into steam. 2_(unite)，we stand；_(divide)，we fall. 3He came back，utterly _(exhaust) 4Last Sunday，we went on an _(organize) trip to the forest. 5A letter _(post) today will reach him the day after tomorrow.,单元语法专练：过去分词作状语和定语,答案：1.Heated 2.United；divided 3.exhausted 4organized 5.posted,.根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子 1Fairly_，James was struggling to grab the edge of the boat.(terrify) 詹姆斯非常害怕被冲走，他正奋力地抓着船舷。 2This afternoon，just as I was doing my business，a man_steped into my shop and begged me for some money.(dress) 今天下午，正当我在做生意时，一个穿着破烂的人走进了我的商店向我讨钱。,答案：1.terrified of being washed away 2(who was)dressed in rags,3_teenagers taste，the song is increasingly popular with middle school students.(base) 基于青少年的品味，这首歌在学生中日趋流行。 4The boy_his book was none other than our monitor.(absorb) 埋头看书的那个男孩不是别人，正是我们的班长。,答案：3Based on 4(who/that was)absorbed in,
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