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走向高考 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版(课标卷地区) 高考总复习,Unit 1 A land of diversity,选修八,第一部分 基础知识聚焦,.单词速记 A识记单词 1_ (n.) 手段；方法 2_ (n.) (人口、贸易的)繁荣 (vi.) 处于经济迅速发展时期 3_ (n.) 海关；关税；进口税 4_ (vi.) 发生；出现 5_ (vt.) 指出；标示；表明；暗示 6_ (n.) 行李,means boom customs occur indicate luggage,7_ (vi.) 滑动；滑行；滑跤 (n.) 滑动；滑倒 8_ (vt. & n) 租用；雇用 9_ (adv.) 无处；到处都无 10_ (vt. & vi.) 改革；革新 (n.) 改革；改造；改良 11_ (vt. & n) 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会,slip hire nowhere reform grasp,B联想串记 12_ (adj.)清晰的；明显的；明确的 _ (n.)差别；区分；卓著 13_ (n.)大多数；大半 _ (n.)少数 14_ (vt.)选择；决定做某事；选举某人 _ (n.)选举,distinct distinction majority minority elect election,15_ (n.)申请人 _ (vi.)申请 _ (n.)申请书；申请 16_ (adj.)显而易见的；显然的；表面上的 _ (adv.)显然地；显而易见地,applicant apply application apparent apparently,.短语互译 1继续存在；继续生存 _ 2用方法；借助 _ 3习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 _ 4坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等) _ 5背靠背 _,live on by means of. make a life keep up back to back,6team up with _ 7mark out _ 8take in _ 9a great/good many _ 10apply for _,与合作或一起工作 用线画出范围；标出界线 包括；吸收 许多；很多 申请；请示得到,.典句析练 1It is likely that. 很可能 However, _ (很可能) Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 【仿写】很可能今晚她会给我打电话。 _. 2why引导的表语从句，表示“的原因” _(那就是为什么) today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 【仿写】这就是她最终改变想法的原因。 _.,3过去分词作原因状语 People from different parts of the world, _ (被吸引) the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California. 【仿写】因为害怕老虎，他不敢单独睡觉。 _， he didnt dare to sleep alone.,4It作形式主语的主语从句 _ (人们认为) before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 【仿写】人们认为地球正变得越来越暖和。 _ the Earth is becoming warmer and warmer.,答案：1.it is likely that；It is likely that shell ring me tonight. 2That is why; This is why she changed her mind at last. 3attracted by；Frightened by the tiger 4It is believed that；It is thought/believed that,.课文缩写语法填空 California is the third largest state in the USA with the most developed economy. 15,000 years ago, the first _1_(settle) crossed the Bering Strait from Asia and arrived in California. The Native Americans suffered greatly after the _2_(arrive) of Europeans in the 16th century. In the 18th century，California _3_(rule) by Spain until 1821 when the people of Mexico gained their _4_(depend) from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. But _5_ the AmericanMexican war in 1846，California was given back to the USA,In 1848, in California Gold was discovered，_6_ attracted people from all over the world to arrive there to achieve their dreams of _7_(become) rich. In 1850，California became _8_ 31st state of the USA as a multicultural society. _9_(attract) by the climate and lifestyle，more and more people from different parts of the world have been immigrating to California，_10_(include) Asians, Africans, Americans and Europeans. 答案：1.settlers 2.arrival 3.was ruled 4.independence 5after 6.which 7.becoming 8.the 9.Attracted 10.including,1.means n手段；方法,Television is _ _ _ of communication. 电视是一种有效的通信手段。 The water can be carried _ _ _ a pipe. 水可以用管子输送。,The bicycle he rode was not _ _ _ the kind modern cyclists would want to be seen riding on. 他骑的自行车是现代骑自行车的人绝不愿意被人看到的那种车。 Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But _ _ _ are my parents satisfied with my progress. 为了提高英语水平，我已尽力了。但父母对我的进步一点也不满意。,巧学助记 means表示“方式，方法”时，单复数同形，当means作主语且有every, each等修饰时，谓语动词用单数；当由some, several, few, many 等修饰时，谓语动词用复数。 答案：an effective means by means of by any means by no means,2majority n大多数；大半 教材原句Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.(P2) 在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原居住人民传授天主教。,At the meeting, young people _ _ _ _. 在会上，年轻人占大多数。 _ _ _ people voted for him in the election. 大多数人在选举中投了他的票。 What subject did you _ _when you were in university? 你在大学主修的科目是什么？,名师点拨 当a/the majority of.作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一致。 当the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数都可以。 答案：were in a/the majority The majority of major in,3occur vi.发生；出现 教材原句Yes. It didnt occur to me that.(P5)是的，我没想到,I was going along the street looking for a place to park when _ _ _. 我正在街道上找地方停车的时候，事故发生了。 His name just did not _ _ my memory. 我就是想不起来他的名字。 It had never _ _ _ _ he might be falling in love with her. 他从未想过自己会爱上她。,名师点拨 occur常与介词to搭配，相当于动词happen，不能用于被动语态。 答案：the accident occurred occur to occurred to him that,4indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示 教材原句Try to use the expressions above to indicate that you are listening carefully to your partner.(P7) 试着用上面的表达表明你在认真听同伴的讲述。,I asked him where the new school was and he _ the road ahead. 我问他新学校在哪里，他指给我前面那条路。 His attitude _ that he is not very happy with what you are doing. 他的态度暗示他对你的所作所为很不高兴。 答案：indicated indicates,1.live on(P1)继续存在；继续生存；靠生活 After the earthquake, the old couple _ _ with their grandsons. 地震后，这对老夫妇和他们的孙子继续活下去。 The minority in the primitive forest used to _ _ a diet of wild animals. 原始森林里的少数民族过去以野兽作为主食。,名师点拨 在“live on”词组中，on为副词，意为“继续生存下去”，在“live on sth.”词组中，on为介词，意为“靠生活”。 答案：live on live on,2keep up保持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等) 教材原句.which today still keeps_up their Danish culture.(P2) 今天它仍然沿袭着丹麦文化。 观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义 Many people keep up this old tradition.( ) The wet weather will keep up for three days.( ) The high cost of building materials keeps the house price up.( ),The help of her friends kept her up.( ) We have to work hard to keep up with these excellent students. 为了跟上这些优秀学生，我们得努力学习。 答案：沿袭 维持 居高不下 使不倒下,3take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗 教材原句Its a 79km roundtrip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.(P8) 这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。,观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义 The price takes in the cost of all the accommodation and food.( ) The old lady was homeless, so I took her in.( ) Women are often taken in by products for losing weight.( ) I found it easy to take in what the teacher said in class.( ),It is said that black takes in more heat than white.( ) The dress was big so I had to take in at the waist.( ) 答案：包括 留宿 上当；受骗 理解 吸收 改小,4a great many很多，许多(修饰可数名词) The country has _ _ _ problems that need urgent attention. 该国有许许多多急需关注的问题。 Nowadays _ _ _ teenagers are addicted to playing computer games, which makes their parents very worried. 当今许多青少年迷恋玩电脑游戏，这使他们的父母非常担心。,名师点拨 a good/great many后接复数名词，但a good/great many后接of时，必须或者后接代词加限定词，如these/those/the/ones等，然后再加名词复数。 It seems that a great/good many of them are out of work now. 似乎他们中的许多人现在都失业了。 A good many of the/those students in our class have passed the exam. 我们班中有很多学生通过了考试。 答案：a great many a great many,“It is believed that.”句式 教材原句It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.(P3) 人们认为，过不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会如此之大，以至于不可能存在明显的主要的种族和文化群体，而是一个多种族、多文化的混合体。,方法规律It is believed that.人们认为。在该句型中，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。 名师点拨(1)It is said that. 据说 It is reported that. 据报道 It is hoped that. 人们希望 It is thought that. 大家认为 It is well known that. 众所周知,(2)“It be过去分词that从句”可以改写为：“从句主语be过去分词不定式”。 人们普遍认为信息技术既有优点也有缺点。 _ IT has both advantages and disadvantages. 据说中国时髦热词“tuhao(土豪)”明年有望被收入牛津英语词典。 _ Chinas new buzzword, tuhao, may be in next years Oxford English Dictionary.,_ _ _ _，“Selfie” is named the 2013 official word of the year. “Selfie” _ _ _be named the 2013 official word of the year. 据报道“自拍”成为2013年的年度热词。 答案：It is generally believed/thought that It is said that It is reported that；is reported to,名词性从句 1The best moment was _ the Chinese player scored the winning goal. 答案：when 考查表语从句。句意为：最精彩的时刻是中国队选手赢得决胜球时。when表示“在时候，在情况下”，用于谈论某个时间或某种情况。,2_ Mo Yan had been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature made us very proud. 答案：That 考查名词性从句。句意为：莫言获得2012年诺贝尔文学奖让我们感到非常自豪。分析句子成分可知，made是谓语动词，us是宾语，very proud是宾语补足语，因此_ Mo Yan had been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature是主语从句，并在句中作主语，主语从句成分齐全，因此用that作引导词，不作句子成分，只起连接作用。,3It hasnt been made clear _ the new underground line is to be open to traffic. 答案：when 考查名词性从句。句意为：新的地铁线路何时开放还不清楚。句中it是形式主语，空处引导的是主语从句。根据句意可知用when。 4At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better. 答案：if/whether 考查宾语从句。句意为：一开始他不喜欢这份新工作，但决定给自己几个月的时间看看情况会不会有所好转。,5Can I have a word with _ is in charge of the guest room department? 答案：whoever 考查宾语从句。此处with之后为介词的宾语从句，whoever作宾语从句的主语。句意为：我能和负责客房部的人谈谈吗？,1(2014湖北改编)Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but _(slip) and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow. 答案：slipped 句意：看到一大群人朝他来了，他开始往山下跑，但是滑到了，趴在了正在融化的雪中。slip滑倒，其过去式为slipped。,2(2014江西改编)He is thought _(act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. 答案：to have acted 考查非谓语动词。句意：他被认为行为愚蠢，现在，除了他自己没有人该为他失去工作负责了。sb./ sth. be thought 后接不定式作宾语。又由他现在失去工作可知他行为愚蠢是发生在过去的事情，导致他失去工作，所以要用不定式的完成式。,3(2012江西改编) It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office. 答案：that 考查主语从句。本句中it为形式主语，后面为主语从句，从句句意完整，也不缺少句子成分，故填that。It occurred to sb. that.“某人突然想起.”。句意：他突然想起把钥匙落在办公室里了。,4(2011陕西改编)Some insects take _ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. 答案：on 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些昆虫呈现出它们周围环境的颜色来保护自己。take on雇用；呈现。,5(2011湖南改编)Onethird of the country _(be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _(be) black people. 答案：is；are 考查主谓一致。句意：这个国家有三分之一的面积被森林覆盖，并且大多数公民是黑人。“分数词of名(代)词”作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于该名(代)词的单复数，所以第一个空用is；the majority of the citizens后的谓语动词用复数，所以第二个空用are。,
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