资源描述
1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气. 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气定义,二、虚拟语气的考点 1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法； 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 2、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法； 3、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；,1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,1. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug. 2. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake. 3. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,与未来事实相反,If I were you, I _ buy the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant 2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able,B,C,A,条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件从句中含有 should，were， had 三个助动词并且放在句首时，可以把if省略。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? Should there be a flood, what should we do?,三、 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。 If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.,2. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 四个建议：advise, suggest, propose，recommend 四个要求：demand , require, request, ask,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。,我们建议Tom去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.,He insisted that I (should) be present.,The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be sentenced to death the next day.,They requested that we (should) send them to work there.,以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire,Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.,4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；,1）wish + 宾语从句,现在： 过去： 未来：,过去时 (did/were),过去完成时 (had done),would/could/might+V. should,I wish I were a bird. I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.,2）would rather that -,现在： 过去： 未来：,I would rather you paid me now.,I would rather you had gone, too.,Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3） as if /though + 从句,现在： 过去：,过去时,过去完成时,He looks as if he were drunk.,They talked as if they had been friends for years.,She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.,4.Its high time +that -,should +V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Its high time that you went. Its high time that you were going. Its high time that you should go.,Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed.,5）without, otherwise, but for 构成虚拟。,Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert. She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early.,6）If only (要是就好了) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!,要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only I hadnt missed the train!,经典题目 1. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. asked would know had asked would have known C. asked him know D. had asked would know 2. _ as far as the river bank, he would have seen the beautiful scenery. A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther,C,D,3. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! A. has B. had C. will have D. had had 4. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken,B,C,
展开阅读全文