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甘肃省,英语,第38讲 完形填空(一),完形填空。(2014，兰州) “The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence.” Thats an old _1_ in English.It means other places often look better，more interesting than the place _2_ you live.Some people worry _3_ young Chinese are beginning to feel that way.They see young Chinese ignoring Chinese culture and，instead，_4_ Japanese cartoon books，watching Korean soap operas and even celebrating western holidays.,Foreign books and soap operas are good，_5_ Chinese writers and actors are just as good.As for holidays，Christmas is nice，but it can _6_ have the meaning for Chinese that Spring Festival has，and the West has nothing to compare with Midautumn Festival.And lets not forget the part of Chinese culture I like best：_7_ friendliness.Not all countries are as _8_ as China. Its good to enjoy other cultures and to learn _9_ them，but they cannot replace your own culture.Its good to look on the other side of the fence，but _10_ you take a good long look.You will find that the grass isnt always greener on the other side of the fence.,( )1.A.saying Bwords Cvoice Dtalk ( )2.A.why Bwhen Cwhere Dhow ( )3.A.if Bthat Cwhat Dwhether ( )4.A.buy Brefusing Crefused Dbuying ( )5.A.but Bso Cor Dbecause ( )6.A.always Bever Cstill Dnever ( )7.A.it Bthey Cits Dtheir ( )8.A.warmer Bwarm Ccold Dcolder ( )9.A.from Bwith Cto Dover ( )10.A.make up Bmake sure Cmake up of Dbe sure to,A,C,B,D,A,D,C,B,A,B,“完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用语等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较强的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能较好地完成这一题型。,(一)“完形填空”题要求填入的词： 1语法结构所要求的功能词。如连接词(连接代词，连接副词)、关系词(关系代词，关系副词)等。 2具有语法变化的普通词。如动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的等级等。 3固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。如副词、数词、介词等。 4同义词、近义词等易混淆词。 5根据上下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。,(二)“完形填空”题解题策略： 1解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。 完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，通读全文，把握文章整体大意尤为重要。很多同学为了省时间，只看选项，不看文章，不寻找文章中句子与句子之间的关系，结果做出来的答案往往是错误的。 2解题时要全面考虑，确定选项。 完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子之间的关系，确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：,重视首句寻求信息 完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。,【例1】 My stutter (口吃) had always been much of a problem.Id had so many specialists for my _ over the years.(2013，北京，35) Aspeech Bstudy Cdream Dfear 解析：由首句“我的口吃已经成为一个大问题”可知，作者在说话方式上很“独特”。speech指“说话方式”。 答案：_,A,My mother only had one eye.And because of this，I never wished her to show up in my school，being afraid that my classmates would _1_ I had an ugly mother.(2014，十堰，41) ( )1.A.run out Bput out Ccome out Dfind out,D,明辨褒贬语境，判断是非 几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文章并准确理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。 【例2】 He will never have hopes，dreams or something _.(2013，兰州，49) Abad Bwore Cgood Dbetter 解析：由上下文可知hopes，dreams都是好的东西，故排除A、B，又由句意可知用比较级“更好的东西”。 答案：_,D,I wanted to get a ride in somebody elses car，but it was dark and there was no car.It was also _2_ to take a taxi. ( )2.A.easy Bdifficult Cearly Dlate,B,巧用平行结构，判断逻辑 平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义上的关联和对比这一特点来设题。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。 【例3】 Jim Smith was a poor boy.One day he was very cold and _.He came to a house and asked a young woman only for a glass of water.(2013，云南，41) Ahot Bhungry Ccool Dstrong 解析：由上文“he was very cold”可知，与cold相对的是“饿”。 答案：_,B,They found that the kids who watched violent cartoons fought with others and _3_ class rules more often.(2014，宜宾，47) ( )3.A.broke Bfollowed Cobeyed Dmade,A,结合常识，明辨真伪 【例4】 We cant force life to follow our wishes.The earth wont _ turning whether we accept it or not.(2013，山西，36) Astop Bkeep Cstart 解析：无论我们是否接受，地球都不会停止转动。 答案：_,A,When you do something nice for someone，you shouldnt expect to get anything.But when you do get something，you should be very _4_(2014，鄂州，45) ( )4.A.hopeful Bwonderful Cthankful Dhelpful,C,课文反馈 (一)(2015，兰州) Once there lived an unhappy king who slept badly and didnt feel like eating anything. This made_1_queen and his people worried. A doctor was called in to_2_him. The doctor said its all in his mind instead of his body. So_3_medicine nor rest could help him but a shirt of a happy person. The prime minister was called to the palace. When hearing the kings situation, he said, “Although I have much power, it doesnt make me_4_. Im always worried about losing it.” Then, the kings banker came and said he had lots of wealth, but he also worried about losing it. He was never happy, either. Next, the palace singer came and his words were almost the same.,Finally, the top general was told to find a happy man in_5_time. Luckily, he found a poor man without power, money or fame singing happily on a street. The general asked him _6_made him so happy. The poor man answered that he had everything he wanted and he didnt want those he couldnt have. His songs came from the happiness in his heart. When the general asked for the mans shirt，_7_， the man said, “What shirt? I dont own any shirts！”,( )1.A.a Ban Cthe D. / ( )2.A.examine Bnotice Clook Dwatch ( )3.A.none Bneither Cboth Dall ( )4.A.happily Bunhappily Cunhappy Dhappy ( )5.A.three day Bthree days Cthree days Dthreedays ( )6.A.that Bwhich Cwhat Dwhere ( )7.A.to his surprise Bafter all Cas usual Din total,C,A,B,D,B,C,A,(二)(2015，兰州一诊卷) Some people like to eat shark fin soup，especially in Southern China.But _8_the sharks fins is very cruel.When people catch sharks，they _9_ their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.The sharks _10_ die because they cant swim without fins.And it is _11_ harmful to the environment.Sharks are at the _12_ of the food chain.If the number of sharks _13_ too low，it will break the balance of the nature.Please say no _14_ eating shark fin soup，and take action to save the sharks!,( )8.A.get Bgot Cgetting Dgets ( )9.A.cut into Bcut off Ctake off Dlook into ( )10.A.wisely Bslow Cslowly Ddaily ( )11.A.too Beither Cneither Dalso ( )12.A.top Bmiddle Cbottom Dend ( )13.A.rises Bare Cdrops Ddrop ( )14.A.in Bwith Cabove Dto,C,B,C,D,A,C,D,(三)(2015，兰州模拟卷一) For this months Young World magazine，I _15_ 19yearold Asian pop star Candy Wang.I asked Candy _16_ her life was different after she became famous.She explained that there were many good things，like _17_ able to travel and meet new people all the time.“I _18_ to be popular in school，but now I get tons of attention everywhere I go.”However，too much attention can also be a bad thing.“I always have to worry about how I appear to others，and I have to be very careful about what I say or do.And I dont have much private time anymore.Hanging out with friends is almost _19_ for me now because there are always guards around me.”Candy said to all those young people who want to become famous.“You have to be prepared to _20_ your normal life.You can _21_ imagine how difficult the road to success is.You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.”,( )15.A.invited Bintroduced Cinterviewed Dinvented ( )16.A.how Bwhat Cwhen Dwhy ( )17.A.be Bis Cto be Dbeing ( )18.A.dont use Bwasnt used Cdidnt use Dwas used ( )19.A.unimportant Bimpossible Cimpolite Dinexpensive ( )20.A.give out Bgive away Cgive back Dgive up ( )21.A.ever Balways Cnever Dstill,C,A,A,C,B,D,C,(一)The Phone Call(2015，北京) It was getting dark.Paul looked out of the window and sighed (叹气)Dad said he would come home by 5：30，but it was almost 7：00.Even if Dad came back，it wouldnt be much fun palying _1_ in the dark.Paul walked into his room and threw his beseball into the corner.He tried to do some homework，but couldnt. The phone rang at about 8：00.It was Dad：“Paul，Im _2_，but I couldnt play baseball with you tonight.I have to finish my work at the office.Maybe we can play this weekend.Oh no. How about next weekend？” Paul couldnt understand why Dad was so _3_He threw himself into the sofa and soon fell asleep.His book was still opened to the first page.,The next day at school，Paul didnt hand in his homework and _4_ a test.Mrs Green，his teacher，asked him to stay after school.“Paul，you didnt do your homework.You didnt pass the test and only got a DThis isnt like you.Whats wrong？” Paul just sat there _5_“Paul，if you dont want to talk，I will.I know that somethings worrying you，but you have to get it out.You need to tell someone.” As Paul walked home，he thought of what Mrs Green said.Maybe he didnt do his homework because he wanted to get his dads _6_He knew Mrs Green was right.He decided to take her advice.,When Paul got home，he _7_ his dad.But there was no answer.Then it went to voicemail (语音信箱)Paul began talking，“Dad，I cant play with you next weekend.Ive got lots of problems with my homework.Also，I really dont want to spend another day looking out of the window and waiting.Whenever you _8_ our plans，Dad，it hurts me.Its not too late to rebuild our relationship，but we have to start small.Maybe you can help me with my _9_ sometime.Dad，I love you.” As Paul ended the call，he felt much relaxed.He didnt know whether his dad would be different，but it didnt matter.He himself _10_He expressed his feelings to the right person.He had a clear head as he was doing his homework that evening.,( )1.A.beseball Bcards Cchess Dtoys ( )2.A.lucky Bsorry Csurprised Dpleased ( )3.A.famous Bhelpful Clazy Dbusy ( )4.A.made Bmissed Cfailed Dchose ( )5.A.cheerfully Bcomfortably Chopefully Dquietly ( )6.A.attention Bmessage Cpraise Dtrust ( )7.A.saw Bthanked Ccalled Dgreeted ( )8.A.prepare Bbreak Cfollow Dquestion ( )9.A.choice Bhomework Cspeech Ddecision ( )10.A.regretted Bcomplained Cinsisted Dchanged,A,B,D,C,D,A,C,B,B,D,(二)(2015，陕西) I was once a fat girl.I weighed 336 pounds and looked as big as my fridge.I was never _11_ it.But one day I had a medical examination(体检)The _12_ told me that I was having heart trouble.It _13_ me up.I began to feel nervous.Then I decided to do something! In a year and five months.I _14_ 104 pounds.What a great thing I did！I didnt have any expensive food，medical treatment(治序) or campstyle(训练营式)exercise.What was the secret to my _15_？,First I looked through the Internet for doityourself _16_ that people could follow on losing weight.Of course I saw countless ads which try to get me to buy their products.But I bought nothing.The only thing I did was to change my bad _17_The following are what I have done.You can try these.Stop drinking something with too much sugar in it._18_ sweet cakes.Eat green vegetables.Use only vegetable oil.Never eat after 6：30 pm.Also，do light exercise for 15 to 20 minutes five days a week. Then I kept doing what I should do.People sometimes say，“You dont need to tell me _19_ to do.I know it already！”But the fact is that knowing what to do and doing what you know are totally _20_The important thing is to know what to do and then just keep doing it.,( )11.A.excited about Bworried about Cproud of Dhappy with ( )12.A.doctor Bfriend Cmother Dteacher ( )13.A.gave Bcheered Cdressed Dwoke ( )14.A.borrowed Blent Clost Dgot ( )15.A.happiness Bsuccess Ckindness Drichness ( )16.A.advice Bnews Cfood Dmedicine ( )17.A.grades Blook Cwish Dhabits ( )18.A.Accept BBring CRefuse DMake ( )19.A.how Bwhat Cwhy Dwhether ( )20.A.easy Bdifficult Csimilar Ddifferent,B,A,D,C,B,A,D,C,B,D,(三)My mothers loving hands(2015，福州) Night after night，she came to help me sleep，even long after my childhood years. I dont remember _21_ it first started making me a little angrymy moms hands pushing my hair that way.But it really made me uncomfortable，for they _22_ rough(粗糙的)against my young skin.Finally，one night，I_23_ her，“Dont do that any more.Your hands are too rough！”She didnt say anything，_24_she never did it again. Years later，I missed my mothers _25_ and her goodnight kiss on my face.Im not a little girl any more.My mom is _26_ her midseventies，and her rough hands are still doing things for my family and me.,Now my own children have _27_It was late on Thanksgiving Eve.As I slept in my bedroom，a familiar hand ran across my _28_ to push the hair from my head.Then a kiss，ever so softly，touched my brow(额头) Taking my moms hand，I told her how _29_ I was for that night I shouted at her.But my mom didnt know what I was talking about.She had forgotten it long ago. That night，I _30_ with a new appreciation(感激)for my mothers caring hands.And the guilt(内疚)that I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found.,( )21.A.when Bwhere Cwhy ( )22.A.looked Bfelt Cseemed ( )23.A.nodded at Bshouted at Claughed at ( )24.A.so Bor Cbut ( )25.A.hands Bwords Csmiles ( )26.A.on Bin Cat ( )27.A.stayed up Bwoken up Cgrown up ( )28.A.nose Bface Cmouth ( )29.A.sorry Btired Crelaxed ( )30.A.left home Bkept working Cfell asleep,A,B,B,C,A,B,C,B,A,D,(四)(2015，乌鲁木齐) A group of frogs were traveling _31_ the forest，but unluckily two of them fell into a hole.The other frog tried to help them.When they saw how _32_ the hole was，they cried to the two frogs that they could not be saved.The two frogs didnt care and tried their best to jump up out of the hole.The other frogs _33_ saying that they were sure to die._34_，one of the two frogs heard what the other frogs were saying and _35_Then he fell down and died. However，the other frog _36_ to jump as hard as he could.At last，he made it out.When he _37_，the other frogs asked，“Didnt you hear us？”The frog，who had a poor _38_，explained，“I thought you were encouraging me all the time.”,The story teaches us a _39_：There is power of life and death in the tongue.An _40_ word to those who are down can help them out while a discouraging word can kill them.,( )31.A.cross Bthrough Cacross Dover ( )32.A.deep Bsmall Cbig Dwide ( )33.A.kept Bfinished Cpracticed Dstopped ( )34.A.Luckily B.Finally CSuddenly DHappily ( )35.A.went on Bkept away Cjumped out Dgave up ( )36.A.happened Bcontinued Cplanned Dwanted ( )37.A.got out Bran away Cgot off Dwoke up ( )38.A.smelling Beyesight Chearing Dlooking ( )39.A.way Bskill Csentence Dlesson ( )40.A.interesting Bexciting Cexcellent Dencouaging,B,A,A,B,D,B,A,C,D,D,
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