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Unit 10 Youre supposedto shake hands.,单词串烧,Liu Li is Mr. Wangs granddaughter and she will be an exchange student in France. She values this chance. She goes to the police station to apply for a passport at noon and finds a lot of suggestions on the blackboard in the hall. Here is what she sees. 1Greet people In France, you are supposed to kiss each other, not bow. After all, it is the capital of romance. It will make people feel relaxed.,2Mind your manners Its impolite to use your knife to hit your empty bowl. You had better not eat anything with your hands except bread. Otherwise, they will get mad. You should knock at the door before you enter someones room. 3Places to have fun France has four seasons. Summer is the best time to visit. You can enjoy yourself on the eastern coasts or in northern parts. Theyare well worth visiting. Follow the basic rules, and have a good time.,重点词汇,1kiss v&n. 亲吻；接吻 2value v. 重视；珍视 n价值 3mad adj. 很生气；疯的 4chalk n. 粉笔 5northern adj. 北方的；北部的 6eastern adj. 东方的；东部的 7manner n. 方式；方法 (pl.)礼貌；礼仪 8basic adj. 基本的；基础的 9granddaughter n. 孙女 10except prep. 除之外 conj.除了；只是,11capital n. 首都 12passport n. 护照 13blackboard n. 黑板 14coast n. 海岸；海滨 15worth adj. 值得；有价值(的) 16empty adj. 空的；空洞的 17exchange v&n. 交换 18behave v. 表现；举止 19suggestion n. 建议 20greet v. 和打招呼；迎接 21relaxed adj. 放松的；自在的 22season n. 季；季节 23knock v. 敲；击 n. 敲击声；敲击,重点短语,1be supposed to 应该 2shake hands 握手 3eat the wrong food 吃错了食物 4make some mistakes 犯了些错误 5make friends 交朋友 6hold out 伸出；递出 7to ones surprise 使某人惊讶的是 8a bit/little late 有点儿迟 9spend time with our family 与我们的家人共度时光 10drop by 顺便访问；随便进入,11get mad 大动肝火；气愤 12no big deal 没什么大不了的 13stickinto 把插入 14basic table manners 基本的餐桌礼仪 15no reason 没有理由 16feel good about sth. 对某事感觉不错 17go out of ones way to do sth. 格外努力地做某事 18Chinese customs 中国习俗 19be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事 20for the first time 第一次,21arrive late 迟到 22the wrong way 错误的方式 23the welcome party 欢迎会 24as soon as 一就 25be expected to do sth. 被期待做某事 26rush around 到处乱跑 27enjoy our time 享受我们的时光 28everyday lives 日常生活 29after all 毕竟；终究 30make an effort 作出努力,31keep others waiting 使别人等候 32at the table 在桌旁 33the biggest challenge 最大的挑战 34make sb. nervous 使某人紧张 35have a safe trip 一路平安 36show up 露面；出现；出席 37look forward to doing sth. 期盼做某事 38makefeel at home 使(某人)感到宾至如归 39cleanoff 把擦掉 40take off 脱下(衣服)；(飞机等)起飞,课文重点句型必备,1In your country, what are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time? 在你们国家，人们第一次见面应该做些什么？ Youre supposed to shake hands. 你应该握手。 2How was the dinner at Pauls house last night? 昨晚在保罗家的晚餐怎么样？,Well, it was OK, but I made some mistakes. I was supposed to arrive at 7：00, but 嗯，还行，但我犯了些错误。我本该七点到，但是 3Thats how people in Japan are expected to greet each other. 那就是在日本人们应该互相问候的方式。 4When we see each other, its polite for boys to shake hands and for girls to kiss each other on the side of the face.,当我们见面时，男孩子相互握手，女孩子相互亲吻脸颊是有礼貌的表现。 5We often just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can! 我们经常只是在镇中心走一走，尽可能多地见到我们的朋友！ 6If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then youre expected to be there at noon. 如果有人邀请你在中午见面，那么你应该在中午到达那里。,7In China, youre not supposed to stick your chopsticks into the food. 在中国，你不应该把筷子插入食物中。 8You shouldnt point at anyone with your chopsticks. 你不应该用筷子指着任何人。 9I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now Im used to it. 开始我觉得那样挺奇怪的，但是现在我习惯了。,10I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but Im gradually getting used to it. 我不得不说，我发现要记住所有的事情是很困难的，但是我正在逐渐习惯这些事情。,重难点释疑,第一课时(Section A 1a2d),1Youre supposed to shake hands. 你应该握手。 (1)shake动词，意为“摇动；抖动”，其过去式和过去分词分别为shook和shaken。eg： At last, he shook his head and refused. 最后，他摇摇头拒绝了。 (2)shake hands意为“握手”，表达“与某人握手”用shake hands with sb.。eg：,The singer shook hands with her fans in the concert yesterday. 昨天那位歌手与她的歌迷在音乐会上握手了。 2Theyre supposed to bow. 他们应该鞠躬。 bow动词，意为“鞠躬；弯腰”，常与to/before连用，意为“向鞠躬”。eg： The boy bowed to his teacher. 这个男孩向他的老师鞠躬。 3In the United States, theyre expected to shake hands.,在美国，他们要握手。 be expected to意为“被期望；被要求”。eg： She is expected to be a good doctor. 有人期望她成为一名好医生。 The visitors are expected to arrive in half an hour. 参观者应该在半小时后到达。 4I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he bowed. 我遇见了一个叫佐藤的日本男孩。我刚伸出手，他就向我鞠躬。,(1)as soon as意为“一就”，引导时间状语从句，若主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来；若主句用过去时，从句也要用过去时。eg： I will call you as soon as I get to Shanghai.我一到上海就给你打电话。 As soon as I went in, he cried out with pleasure.我一进门，他就高兴地叫起来。 (2)hold out意为“伸出；递出”。eg： I held out my hand to catch the box. 我伸出手去接那个盒子。,第二课时(Section A 3a3c),1Where Im from, were pretty relaxed about time. 在我们那个地方，我们的时间观念比较随意。 (1)本句中where Im from是地点状语从句，where为引导词，表示“在地方”。eg： Where theres a will, theres a way. 有志者，事竟成。 (2)relaxed形容词，意为“放松的；自在的”，此处作表语。be relaxed about意为“对感到放松/随意”。,eg： Listening to music makes us feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们感到放松。 We are relaxed about our breakfast.我们对早餐比较随意。 2We often just drop by our friends homes if we have time.如果有时间，我们经常顺便到朋友家里拜访。 drop by意为“顺便拜访”，后可接地点，也可接人。eg： I just dropped by you.我只是顺便来看看你。,3We often just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can! 我们经常只是在镇中心走一走，尽可能多地见到我们的朋友！ (1)现在分词短语seeing as many of our friends as we can作伴随状语，表示作谓语的动词短语walk around表示的动作发生时，另一个动作也在发生。 eg： The teacher came into the classroom, holding a book in his hand.老师手里拿着一本书走进教室。,(2)asas sb. can/could意为“尽可能”，相当于asas possible。 eg： I hope youll write to me as soon as you can. 我希望你尽快给我写信。 You must try to remember as many words as you can.你必须努力尽可能地多记单词。,4Were the capital of clocks and watches, after all! 毕竟我们是钟表之都！ (1)the capital of意为“的首都/国都”。其中capital用作可数名词，意为“首都；国都”。 eg： Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。 (2)after all意为“毕竟；终归”，位于句首时含有“别忘了”之意，用来说服或提醒对方。 eg：,I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I passed after all.我本以为我会考试不及格，但我最终通过了。 After all, he is your father. 毕竟他是你的父亲。 5So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends. 所以当我与朋友见面时，我努力做到守时。 make an effort to do sth.意为“努力做某事”。effort名词，意为“努力；尽力”。 eg：,Please make an effort to finish it on time. 请努力按时完成。 All their efforts were in vain.他们所有的努力都白费了。 6I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think its impolite to keep others waiting. 我总是早早离开家以避免交通拥挤，因为我认为让别人等待是不礼貌的。 (1)avoid及物动词，意为“避免；逃避”，指在做某事之前有意避开，其后可接名词、,代词或动词ing形式作宾语。 eg： Fortunately, he avoided an accident. 幸运的是，他避开了一场事故。 I tried to avoid meeting her because she always bored me.我尽量避免遇到她，因为她总是使我厌烦。 (2)impolite形容词，意为“无礼的”，它是由形容词polite加前缀im构成的。 eg： Its impolite to laugh at others. 嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。,(3)keep sb. doing sth.意为“让/使某人一直做某事”。eg： Sorry, I have kept you waiting so long. 对不起，让你久等了。 【拓展】 在“keep宾语宾语补足语”结构中，keep为及动动词，意为“使保持某种状态”，宾语补足语可以是形容词、副词、动词ing形式或介词短语。,第三课时(Section A Grammar Focus4c),一、be supposed to do sth.与be expected to do sth. be supposed to do sth.意思是“应该做某事”，相当于should/ought to do sth.。be expected to do sth.意思是“应该做某事；被期望做某事”。 用法：二者都用来表示根据规定或传统习惯等人们不得不做某事或被期待做某事，可进行互换。二者中的to均,为动词不定式的符号，不是介词，其后要跟动词原形。be随人称和时态的变化而变化。eg： Youre supposed to make noise while eating noodles.Youre expected to make noise while eating noodles.吃面条时，你应该发出响声。 1当be supposed to的主语是“人”时，意为“应该；被期望”，它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词should。eg：,Youre supposed to ask the teacher for permission first if you want to leave the classroom. 如果你想离开教室的话，应该先征求老师同意。 2be supposed to的否定结构为be not supposed to，它常用于口语中，意为“不被许可；不应当”。 eg： You are not supposed to do that. 你不应当做那件事。 二、Itsadj.(of/for sb.)to do sth.,1Itbeadj.to do sth.意为“做某事是的”，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。因动词不定式作主语较长，而谓语部分相对较短，用it代替后就避免了“头重脚轻”的现象。 eg： I think its important to sleep eight hours a night. 我认为每晚睡8小时很重要。 2表示“对某人来说做某事是的”，用句型Itbeadj.for/of sb.to do sth.，其中sb.为动词不定式to do sth.的逻辑主语。二者的具体用法为：,eg： Its hard for me to answer your question. 对我来说回答你的问题很难。 It was foolish of him to go alone. 他单独去太傻了。 三、重点句子 1If there are people in the meeting room, you are supposed to knock before entering. 如果有人在会议室，进入前你应该敲门。 (1)knock不及物动词，意为“敲；击”，后接宾语时，通常跟介词on/at。 eg：,She is knocking on/at the door. 她正在敲门。 (2)knock也可用作可数名词，意为“敲击声；敲击”。eg： I heard three knocks at the door. 我听见三下敲门声。 2In many eastern European countries, you are expected to take off your gloves before shaking hands. 在许多东欧国家，你应该在握手前摘下手套。,(1)take off动副短语，意为“脱下(衣服)；摘掉”，反义短语为put on，宾语若为代词必须置于中间。 eg： She hated the colour of the coat, so she took it off. 她不喜欢这件上衣的颜色，因此她把它脱了下来。 (2)take off还有“(飞机等)起飞”的意思。 eg： The plane will take off soon.飞机很快就起飞。 3but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.,但如果你想理解另一种文化，这麻烦是值得的。 worth作形容词，意为“值得；有价值(的)”，其后可接名词、代词、数词或动词ing形式。其常用结构为be worth doing sth.，意为“值得做某事”。eg： This picture is worth 100 yuan.这幅画值100元。 The film isnt worth seeing. 这部电影不值得看。 【注意】 worth后面的动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，而不能直接用被动形式。,第四课时(Section B 1a1d),1In China, youre not supposed to stick your chopsticks into the food. 在中国，你不应该把筷子插入食物中。 (1)stickinto/in意为“把插入”。 eg： Dont stick your fork into your food.别把叉子插入食物中。 (2)chopstick名词，意为“筷子”，常用复数形式。 eg： We usually eat noodles with chopsticks. 我们通常用筷子吃面条。,【拓展】 英语中常见的以复数形式出现的名词有：noodles(面条)，dumplings(饺子)，trousers(裤子)，pants(长裤)，shorts(短裤)，gloves(手套)，shoes(鞋子)，socks(袜子)，glasses(眼镜)，scissors(剪刀)。 2point at anyone with your chopsticks. 用你的筷子指着任何人。,(1)point此处用作不及物动词，意为“指；指向”。eg： She points at the map and says, “This is Beijing.” 她指着地图说：“这是北京。” (2)point还可用作及物动词，常用结构为point sth.at sb./sth.，意思是“用某物指着某人/物”。,第五课时(Section B 2a2e),1Yes, Im having a great time on my student exchange program in France. 是的，我在法国的交换生活过得很愉快。 (1)have a great time意为“玩得高兴；过得愉快”，相当于have a wonderful/good/nice time，have fun或enjoy oneself。 eg：,Did you have a great/wonderful/good/nice time last Sunday？Did you have fun last Sunday？Did you enjoy yourself last Sunday？你们上周日玩得开心吗？ (2)exchange名词，意为“交换”。 eg： An exchange of ideas is helpful.相互交流想法是有帮助的。 【拓展】 exchange用作及物动词时，意为“交换”，常构成短语exchangefor，意为“用换”。 eg：,Can I exchange an apple for four oranges？我可以用一个苹果换四个橘子吗？ 2I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. 我在到这里之前有点儿紧张，但那是没有理由的。 There was/is no reason to do sth.意为“没有理由做某事”。 eg： There is no reason to be late.没有理由迟到。,【拓展】 have no reason to do sth.意为“没有理由做某事”。 You have no reason to say so.你没有理由这么说。 3They go out of their way to make me feel at home. 他们想尽办法，让我感到宾至如归。 (1)go out of ones way意为“特地；格外努力”。 eg：,They went out of their way to help her. 他们竭力帮助她。 He went out of his way to teach me to learn English well.他尽力教我学好英语。 (2)makefeel at home意为“使某人感到宾至如归”。eg： His kindness makes me feel at home. 他的友善使我感到宾至如归。 4So she actually learned how to make Chinese food!,所以她竟然学习如何做中国菜！ how to make Chinese food为“疑问词动词不定式”结构，在句中作learn的宾语。eg： I want to learn how to make dumplings. 我想学习如何包饺子。 【拓展】 动词不定式与疑问词who，which，when，where，how，what等连用时，构成“疑问词动词不定式”结构，常作tell，show，know，learn，teach，explain，decide等的宾语，可转换成宾语从句。,eg： He didnt know what to say.He didnt know what he should say. 他不知道该说什么。 5As you can imagine, things are very different from the way they are at home. 正如你想象的那样，这里的很多事情和在国内时截然不同。 (1)as you can imagine意为“正如你想象的那样”，其中as的意思是“按照；正如”。 eg：,As we can hear, this kind of music is very nice.正如我们听到的那样，这种音乐非常优美。 (2)be different from意为“与不同”，其反义词组是be the same as，意为“与一样”。different还可构成短语be different in，意为“在方面不同”。 eg： Soccer is different from American football. 英式足球与美式足球不同。 The two sweaters are different in color. 这两件毛衣在颜色上不同。,6Another example is that youre not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. 另一个例子是除了面包外，你不应该用手拿着任何东西吃，甚至水果也不行。 except介词，意为“除之外”，其后可接名词、代词、介词短语、副词、从句等，表示把某人或物从某一范围内排除出去，即不包含在内。 eg：,They all went to the museum last Sunday expect him. 除了他以外，上周日他们都去博物馆了。 We go there every day expect Sunday. 除了星期天，我们每天都去那儿。(星期天不去那儿) 7I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but Im gradually getting used to it. 我不得不说，我发现要记住所有的事情是很困难的，但是我正在逐渐习惯这些事情。,find itadj.to do sth.意为“发现做某事是的”。find后接复合宾语，其中it此处作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to do sth.，形容词在句中作宾语补足语。eg： I find it very interesting to learn English. 我发现学英语很有趣。 I found it hard to work with him. 我发现和他一起工作很难。,第六课时(Section B 3aSelf Check),1Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. 让我给你一些关于中国习俗的建议和意见。 (1)give sb. some suggestions and advice意为“给某人提一些建议和意见”。 eg： The teacher gave me some suggestions and advice about how to learn English well.老师在如何学好英语方面给我提了一些建议和意见。,(2)suggestion此处用作可数名词，意为“建议”。其动词形式为suggest，意为“建议”。 eg： I have a suggestion to make.我有个建议要提。 I suggest we should go there at once. 我建议我们应该马上去那儿。 (3)advice不可数名词，意为“建议；意见”。表示“一条建议”应用a piece of advice，而不能说an advice。其常用短语有：ask for sb.s advice“向某人征求建议”；give sb.some,advice on“在方面给某人提一些建议”；accept/follow/take sb.s advice“接受某人的建议”。 2Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon! 一路平安，我希望很快见到你！ look forward to意为“盼望；期待”，特指以特别愉快的心情期待着。此处to为介词，而不是动词不定式符号，后面只能接名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语，不能用动词原形。,eg： Im looking forward to seeing you again. 我期待着再次见到你。 3In many countries, it is impolite to show up at someones house for the first time with empty hands. 在许多国家，第一次拜访别人家空着手是不礼貌的。 show up意为“出席；露面”，相当于appear。 eg： We waited for him for a long time, but he didnt show up. 我们等了他很长时间，但他没有露面。,书面表达范例 中华饮食源远流长。在这自古为礼仪之邦，讲究民以食为天的国度里，饮食礼仪自然成为饮食文化的一个重要部分。请你以“Chinese Table Manners”为题写一篇文章介绍一下中国的餐桌礼仪。 要求：1.语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，字数不少于80个；2.文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。 【审题指导】 细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：,1本文主要介绍中国的餐桌礼仪：不要用筷子敲碗；等大家都到齐了才开始吃；让客人和长辈先吃每一道菜；不要将手伸到饭桌对面(reach across)夹菜；为主人的长寿、健康、成功干杯。可在此基础上适当发挥，但不能出现常识性的错误。 2本文是一篇建议类的短文，要注意情态动词的使用。时态以一般现在时为主。 【写作指导】,【高分范文】 Chinese Table Manners As we all know, different countries have different table manners. In China, you cant hit a bowl with chopsticks on the table because this will make people uncomfortable. You cant start to eat until everyone is at the table. And the host families wont eat any dish until the guests and elders begin. You are not supposed to reach across the table to get something to eat. Also, you are expected to toast to longevity, good health or success of the host or hostess. These are some important table manners in China.,
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