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中考题型解读,第三节 完形填空,广州中考高分突破,题型突破 完形填空是近年来广州市英语中考一直采用的一种综合性很强的测试题型,主要考查考生的语言综合运用能力。完形填空涉及的知识面广,灵活性较高,它不仅能测试考生的英语知识水平和对所学的知识的综合运用能力,而且能反映出考生的阅读理解能力,分析判断能力和逻辑推理能力。完形填空通常选用一篇200250个单词的 短文,给出10个空格,每空1分。 完形填空与语法选择不同。语法选择侧重考查某个词在具体语言环境里的不同形式,而完形填空主要考查在具体的语言环境里用不同的词,侧重于词与词之间的意思的区别。完形填空要求考生既要运用自己所学过的词汇、习惯用语、固定搭配、语法、句法等基础知识理解每个句子,又要处理好句子与句子之间以及句子与全文之间的内在联系。主要测试考生在具体语言环境中对文章的篇章结构、中心思想、推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法或固定搭配等方面的能力,以及对所学英语知识的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力和逻辑推理判断能力等,因而该题型能较全面 地反映考生对所学知识的掌握程度。,完形填空的主要考点包括： (1)名词、代词、介词、连词； (2)引导宾语从句、状语从句、关系从句的连词； (3)非谓语动词； (4)词语辨析及动词短语、时态； (5)习惯用法或固定搭配。 从近几年的广州市中考试题看来,完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解。,解题技巧 要做好完形填空,必须掌握一定的解题方法和技巧,才能尽量做到在有能力得分的题上不丢分。完形填空解题步骤是：通览试填复核。 1.通览速读全文,把握大意。 快速阅读一下全文,通过通览全文、领会大意,概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等。 2.试填紧扣文意,瞻前顾后。 先易后难,逐层深入。紧扣全文内容,联系上下文和语境,展开逻辑推理,注意从上下文中寻找线索,注意从词数的意义、搭配、惯用法、语法、常识,等多个角度进行综合考虑。 3.复核全面检查,确保语意连贯,用词准确。 试填后,要把全文再通读一遍,注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。 解题技巧有： 1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。 2.注意固定搭配,包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等,同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。,3.注意同义词的辨义。 4.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项。 有时,选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语,它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解,如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系,以及对比关系等。 5.根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项。,真题分析 一、(2015广州)完形填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从3645各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项。 Kierman was born in Sydney,Australia,and grew up near the sea.For more than 40 years, he raced in international sailing competitions. In 1987,Kierman was competing in an around the world race when he began to_the huge amount of rubbish in the worlds oceans.When he returned to Australia,he _to do something,about it. He organized a community_ called “Clean Up Sydney Harbour”. On Sunday, January8th,1989,more than 40,000 volunteers came out to _away rubbish.The next year,Kierman made the clean up a national event.It was a huge_.Across Australia,about 300,000 people spent the day improving their local _. Since then,“Clean Up Australia” has got _every year.In 2002,for example, 800,000 people cleaned up almost 15000 tons,of rubbish from Australias beaches,parks and streets. Kierman was _with the success of his project.In 2003,he started an even bigger program.With the _of the United Nations Environment Program,he introduced “Clean Up the World”,an international program that supports communities around the world in cleaning up and protecting the environment. “Clean Up the World” has grown _and his wonderful idea has now spread from one city to the whole world.,( )36.A.save B.collect C.notice D.produce ( )37.A.refused B.decided C.pretended D.stopped ( )38.A.law B.party C.company D.event ( )39.A.clear B.send C.turn D.give ( )40.A.problem B.success C.surprise D.failure ( )41.A.culture B.project C.government D.environment,C,B,D,A,B,D,( )42.A.older B.smaller C.bigger D.faster ( )43.A.happy B.angry C.disappointed D.concerned ( )44.A.need B.help C.hope D.action ( )45.A.loudly B.gently C.rapidly D.busily,C,A,B,C,【答案与解析】澳大利亚人Kierman在一次国际帆船比赛中发现海洋上有大量垃圾，于是他发起倡议，与志愿者们义务清理垃圾，保护环境。这项事业从国内做到国际，越做越大。 36.C 解析：考查的是动词辨析和上下文理解。save表示“节约、拯救”， notice表示“注意”，collect 表示“收集”，produce表示“生产”。根据下文，可知道“当他从澳大利亚回来的时候，他决定做一些事情解决海洋垃圾问题”，所以在他参加比赛时应是“注意”到海上有很多垃圾，因此选C。,37.B 解析：考查的是词组辨析。refuse to表示“拒绝做”，decide to表示“决定做”， pretend to表示“假装做”，stop to表示“停下来去做另一件事”。从下文“他发起一个清理垃圾的社区活动”可知选decide to。 38.D 解析：考查的是名词辨析和上下文理解。根据下文第三段“Kierman made the cleanup a national event”，Kierman把这个清洁活动变成一个全国性的活动”，可知他刚开始组织的是一个“社区活动”，因此选event表示“活动”。,39.A 解析：考查动词词组。clear away表示“清理”，send away表示“发送、遣散”， turn away表示 “拒绝、离开”，give away表示“捐赠”。根据上文“他组织了一个叫做清理悉尼海湾的活动”可知这些人应该是出来“清理垃圾”，因此选clear away。 40.B 解析：考查名词和上下文。文中讲到许多人参加这个活动清理垃圾，应该是获得巨大成功，因此选B。 41.D 解析：考查名词和上下文。根据上文可知，许多,人参加这个活动清理垃圾，应该是“改善当地环境”，因此，此处应该填 environment 表示环境。 42.C 解析：考查上下文。1990年大约30万人参加这个活动，2002年有80万人参加，所以这个活动应该是“每年规模更大”，另外，下文第五段提到In 2003,he started an even bigger program，因此选bigger。 43.A 解析：考查形容词辨析。happy表示“高兴的”， angry表示“生气的”， disappointed表示“沮丧的”， concerned表示“担心的”。根据常识，活动,获得成功应该是“高兴”，故选 happy 。 44.B 解析：考查词组。with the help of 表示“在的帮助下”，无“with the need/hope/action of”的用法，因此选 help 。 45.C 解析：考查副词和上下文理解。loudly表示“大声地”， gently表示“温柔地”， rapidly表示“迅速地”， busily表示“忙碌地”。上文讲到每年参加清洁活动的人越来越多，下文讲到他的想法现在已经从一个城市发展到全世界，表明这个活动发展迅速，因此选rapidly。,二、(2014广州)完形填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从3645各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项。 One morning a fox was searching for his breakfast.He went down to the lake to_ some fish.Suddenly he saw a rabbit digging a hole on the bank of the lake and decided to eat it instead.Not wanting the rabbit to discover him,the fox moved_towards his meal.As he got closer,he stepped on some dry leaves. The rabbit then_in fear.When he saw the,fox,he started to shout. “Quiet! Why do you rabbits shout so much?” asked the fox,slightly annoyed that he had lost his _. “I am sorry,but you scared me.Your sharp teeth make me _.”replied the rabbit.“But I dont want to eat you”,lied the fox,“I am only here to help with your _.I will be back tomorrow and help you dig your hole.” The next day,the fox returned to the _. There he saw a group of rabbits busily digging holes on the bank.He thought about catching,one.At that moment the rabbit he had met the day before started jumping up and down,making a _ noise to warn his friends.All the rabbits and even the fish quickly_.The poor fox could not find anything to catch for food and ended up _ fruit. ( )36.A.catch B.buy C.smell D.cook ( )37.A.noisily B.silently C.confidently D.angrily ( )38.A.looked down B.looked away C.turned off D.turned around ( )39.A.time B.place C.meal D.fish ( )40.A.sad B.excited C.nervous D.happy,A,B,D,C,C,( )41.A.food B.work C.story D.friends ( )42.A.breakfast B.house C.lake D.mountain ( )43.A.loud B.low C.usual D.dangerous ( )44.A.returned B.shouted C.entered D.disappeared ( )45.A.growing B.eating C.picking D.selling,B,C,A,D,B,【答案与解析】本文是一篇记叙文。一天早上，一只狐狸外出觅食，他想捕捉一只正在湖堤上打洞的兔子，没想到被兔子发现了。他欺骗兔子说是来帮忙打洞的。第二天他再次来到湖边，兔子发出警报给他的朋友们，最后狐狸只好用水果来作为早餐吃了。 36.A 解析：根据文章最后一句中的“could not find anything to catch for food”可知，他想去湖里捕鱼吃。故选A。 37.B 解析：根据上文“not wanting the rabbit to,discover him”可知，狐狸悄悄地靠近这只兔子。故选B。 38.D 解析：look down意为“俯视”；look away意为“不再看（某人或某物）”；turn off意为“关掉”；turn around意为“转身”。根据上文“.he stepped on some dry leaves”和下文“When he saw the fox”可知，兔子是转过身来看到了狐狸。故选D。 39.C 解析：根据上文“and decided to eat it instead.”和“Why do you rabbits shout so much?”可知，狐,狸因失去了一顿美餐而有点生气。故选C。 40.C 解析：根据上文“you scared me”可知，答案选C。 41.B 解析：根据下文“I will be back tomorrow and help you dig your hole.”可知，此处指帮他干活儿。故选B。 42.C 解析：根据上文“Suddenly he saw a rabbit digging a hole on the bank of the lake”和下文“on the bank”可知，狐狸第二天又回到湖边。故选C。,43.A 解析：根据空格后的“noise to warn his friends”可知，这只兔子弄出很大的动静来警告他的同伴们。故选A。 44.D 解析：根据下文“The poor fox could not find anything to catch for food.”可知，所有的兔子和鱼都消失了。故选D。 45.B 解析：根据上文“The poor fox could not find anything to catch for food.”可知，最后他只好吃水果。故选B。,考情分析：完形填空主要考查词义的辨析和联系上下文得出答案。根据上下文得出答案需要我们读懂整篇文章,词义的辨析要求我们在平时掌握好各种容易混淆的单词或词组。下面我们列举了一些容易混淆的单词和词组的辨析,同学们要在平时要注意积累这些易混的单词和词组。,易混词辨析 一、易混名词辨析 1.cloth, clothes, clothing,dress (1)cloth指“布”、“布料”。 (2)clothes指具体的衣服，包括内衣、外衣，不能与数词连用。 (3)clothing是服装的总称，包括内衣、外衣，还包括帽子、鞋袜、手套之类，只用单数，无复数 (4)dress作不可数名词时，指外衣，尤指社交场合穿的服装。作可数名词时，常指连衣裙。 练习:a dish _. I want to buy sports _.,cloth,clothes,Now people are all in their winter _. She wore a blue _last night. 2.dinner,meal (1)dinner是指“正餐(午饭或晚饭)”或“宴会”。 (2)meal是指“一餐(一顿饭)”而言。 练习:Lets go and have _together. What time do you usually have your _? 3.sound, voice, noise (1)sound“声音”，指耳朵能听到的各种声音，多作可数名词。 (2)voice“声音”，主要指人的声音。 (3)noise指“噪音”。 可以作可数名词，也可作不,clothing,dress,dinner,meals,可数名词，词组有:make a noise等。 练习:I was waiting for the_of the other shoe! The teacher said in a loud_,“Please keep silent.” But every night he heard the _ upstairs. 4.job，work 都可译为“工作”、“劳动”。job，work是常用词，其区别:job是可数名词，work是不可数名词。 练习:She got a _of washing clothes. It takes a lot of _to build a building.,sound,voice,noise,job,work,5.person，people , man 这三个词有共同之处，都有“人”的意思，但也有不同之处。 (1)person是指“人”(男人或女人)，有单数形式，也有复数形式。 (2)people是复数形式，指“人民；人们”，不能指一个人。 (3)man专指“男人”也指“人类”(不用复数形式，不加冠词)。 练习:Two _ are waiting for you. He lived for the _and died for the people. All _must die.,persons,people,men,6.problem，question 都可译为“问题”，但它们所含的意思并不相同。 (1)question一般是指等待回答的“问题；提问”。 (2)problem一般是指等待解决(solve)或决定(decide)的“问题；难题”。 练习:May I ask some_? Thats no _.I can lend you my money. 7.table，desk 都可译为“桌子”，其区别:table通常用于吃饭，游乐等。desk用于读书或办公，并且大多附有抽屉，常被称为“书桌”、“课桌”、“办公桌”等。 练习:We were at_when he arrived.,questions,problem,table,There are many _in the classroom. 8.floor，ground 两者都有“地面、地上”的含义。其区别:floor 一般指室内的地上、地板、地面，而ground常指室外的地面，也可泛指地球表面。 练习:He was sitting on the _ when I came in. The _is wet now.It must have rained last night. 9.door，gate 都可译为“门”。其区别: (1)door 一般指房子、房间、家具等的门，还可用于比喻意义。,desks,floor,ground,(2)gate指围墙、栅栏、篱笆等的开口处。 练习:Close the _ when you go out. He walked through the _into the garden. 10.road，way, street (1)road指“公路；马路”，指两侧之间可以通行人或车辆的大道。“在马路上”一般用on the road。“穿过马路”用cross the road(或go across the road)。 (2)way意为“路线；路途；方法”等，统指从一地到另一地的路途。常用固定词组有in this way(用这种方式)；on the way to(在去的路上)；get in the way of(挡道)等。,door,gate,(3)street表示“街道”,其两边有建筑物。“在街上”一般用in the street。“穿过街道”一般用go through the street。 练习:Excuse me,can you tell me the_ to the post office? When he went home, he saw an old woman lying in the_. The_in this village is wider than before. 11.family, home (1)family表示“家；家庭”，也可指全体家庭成员。(2)home意为“家”，带有眷恋等感情色彩。 练习:Tom has a big_.There are six,way,street,road,family,people in his_. She has been in Shenzhen for 10 years. Shenzhen has become her second_. 12.idea, advice (1)idea表示“主意”，是可数名词。 例如:a good idea一个好主意 (2)advice表示“建议”，“忠告”，是不可数名词。例如:a piece of advice 一个忠告(一个建议) 练习:Can you give me some_on how to learn English well？ He has got a good_to deal with his old books.,family,home,advice,idea,二、易混不定代词辨析 1.some，any some，any都意为“一些”，既可以修饰或代替可数名词复数，也可以修饰或代替不可数名词。some常用在肯定句中；any多用于否定句、疑问句及条件句中。 练习:I have _tea here. I cant see _tea. 2.many，much many，much都表示“许多”的意思，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中多用a lot of，lots of等。many修饰或代替可数名词的复数，其反义,some,any,词是few;而much修饰或代替不可数名词，其反义词是little。 练习:I didnt know_English people who could speak Chinese. Is there_water in the bottle? 3.few,a few,little,a little few，a few用来修饰或代替复数可数名词；little，a little用来修饰或代替不可数名词；few，little表示否定，意为“很少、几乎没有”；a few，a little表示肯定，意为“一些、少许”。 练习:He is now out of work and can earn _ money.,many,much,little,I can speak _French. _students in this school can speak Japanese. There are still _students in the classroom. 4.another,other,others，the other和the others的区别 (1)another泛指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，表示“又一(个)，又一些；另外的(人、物)，别的(人、物)”，既可用作形容词又可用作代词。 (2)other表示“另外的”，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；前面有the，this，that，some，any，,a little,Few,a few,each，every，no，one，my，your，his等，则可与单数名词连用。 (3)others泛指别的人或物，是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物(但不是全部)，不能作定语，someothers=(the other+复数名词)“一些另一些” (4)the other表示“两者中的另一个”，onethe other意为“(两者中的)一个另一个”。修饰单数名词意为“(两者中)另一个”，修饰复数名词意为“(两部分中)剩下的,其余的”。 (5)the others=the other+名词复数：指剩下的人(或物)，其余的(或物）,练习: We need _ four people. _ people may think like that. Some of the questions are hard;_ are easy. He has two sons.One is thin and _ is fat. There are 50 students in my class.30 are boys,_are girls. 5.none，no one (1)none表示三者或三者以上全部否定，意为“全都不”。none既可指人又可指物，通常后接of短语,another,Other,others,the other,the others,none用作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。none常用来回答how many/much的提问。 (2)no one表示三者或三者以上全部否定，与nobody同义,只用来指人，其后一般不跟of短语。no one常用来回答who的提问。 练习:_ of us want(s) to go，but we have to. Everyone is here；_ is away. 6.every，each每一个 (1)every用来指三者或三者以上，侧重整体而不指个别，它不能单独作主语或宾语，只有与名词连用或构成复合词时，才能作主语和宾语。every,None,no none,常可用于某些固定搭配中。 (2)each则用来指两者或两者以上，侧重于个别情况，可作主语、宾语、定语或同位语。作主语时，后接谓语的单数形式，但each作主语同位语时，谓语动词与主语一致。 练习:He knew by heart _ word in her letter. He gave an apple to _. 7.all，both (1)all表示“都”。指三者以上，或不可数的东西。谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用作复数。 (2)both作代词。与其他名词或代词并列出现，,every,each,表示“两个都”。与“of+代词(或名词)”连用，表示“两者都”。 练习:_of us like Mr.Pope. Lucy and Lily_agree with us. 8.neither，either (1)neither表示“两者都不”。作主语谓语动词用单数。 (2)either表示“两个中的任何一个”，可修饰或代替单数可数名词。作主语谓语动词用单数。 练习:_of the knives is useful _of them was in good health, but both worked very hard,All,both,Either,Neither,三、易混形容词、副词辨析 1.alone，lonely alone与lonely意义相近，alone表示“独自一人”的状态，而lonely表示“孤单；寂寞”的情绪。 练习:But the children are not_. She was sitting in the bed _ when we went to see her. So we never feel _. 2.every，each (1)every和each作形容词时，都是“每一个”的意思，但实际含义并不完全相同。each着重个别情况，而every则着重整体情况。当我们说each,alone,alone,lonely,child，each student或each teacher时，我们想到的是一个人的情况。当我们说every child或every student时，我们想到的是全体的情况，every的意思与all接近，表示他们都如此。 (2) each可以用来指两个或两个以上的人或物，但every则只能用于指三个或三个以上的数量，不能指两个。 练习:The teacher gave a present to _ student. _student loves his teacher. Two boys entered._boy was carrying a large box.,each,Every,Each,3.big, large，great 在谈论物体大小的时候，big和large都可以用来表示“大的”。big在口语中使用得较多。great主要修饰抽象的东西，表示在范围上或程度上比一般的大。在修饰具体事物时常常带有感情色彩。 练习: This box is _. I want a _ box，this is too small. We like China very much.Its _! 4.high,tall 都可表示“高”，其区别:high通常用于物之高，而tall常用于指人的个子及细长之物。(building和,big,large,great,people用high或tall都可以)。 练习:He has a_nose. The boys are growing_and_. 5.black,dark 都可作形容词，也可作名词，其区别:black的意思是“黑色”(的):指颜色，其反义词是white；而dark的意思是“暗、天黑、黑暗”，指无光。 练习:All the windows have been painted_. It is too _to read here. 6.real,true 都可翻译为“真的”，其区别:real的意思是“真的，实在的”，用来表示“客观存在而不是想象或虚构,high,taller,taller,black,dark,的”或“真的而非假造的”。true的意思是“真正的，真实的，确实的，名副其实的”。 练习:Its _that he is married. Is that a _flower? 7.too，also,either 这三个词作副词用时，都含有“也”的意思，但用法不同。either只能用于否定句中，一般放在句尾。 练习: Im in Row 1，_. Chinese take away food is _popular. We dont like the same colours，_.,true,real,too,also,either,8.already,yet, still already意为“已经”，通常用于陈述句；用于疑问句时表示惊异、怀疑；不用于否定句。yet意为“尚”、“仍然”，常用于否定句和疑问句。still表示“仍然，还”，放于句中。 练习: We have_finished the work. Is he_in the classroom? We havent finished the work_. 9.hard,hardly hard作形容词，意为“艰苦的”，作为副词，意为“努力地”、“猛烈地”，如:hard work(艰苦的工作),already,still,yet,work hard(努力工作)；hardly不是hard的副词形式，而是另外一个词，意为“几乎不”。用在反意问句中，疑问部分要用肯定句。 练习: He works _. He _ listened to me. 10.ago,before 都可译为“以前”，其区别:ago只与过去时连用，ago前通常要有表示时间的词。before常与现在完成时或过去(完成)时连用。并且，可以当介词，后面接介词宾语。,hard,hardly,练习: She saw the film three days _. She said she had seen the film three days _. 11.late,lately late表示“迟、晚”。lately是“最近、近来”的意思。 练习: He always arrives home_. Have you been to the cinema _? 12.instead,instead of 都可译为“代替”，其区别:instead只能单独使用，常位于句首或句尾。instead of后面要跟名词、动,ago,before,late,lately,名词、代词、或介词短语。 练习: She is very tired.Let me go_. Shall we have fish _eggs today? 13.good,well good形容词，“好的”。well副词，意为“好地”；作形容词时是“身体健康的”。well放在动词之后，表达“健康；妥善”等意思。不能放在名词之前修饰一般物品。 练习: He is a_player.He can play basketball very_.,instead,instead of,good,well,Im not feeling_now.I must see a doctor at once. 14.sometimes, sometime与some time (1)sometimes的意思是“有时，往往，不时地”。 (2)sometime的意思是“某个时候”，可指将来，也可指过去。 (3)some time的意思是“一段时间”，可以是几分钟、几小时、几天、甚至几年。 练习: Sometimes we are busy and_we are not. Well take our holiday_in May.,well,sometimes,sometime,The fire went on for_ before it was brought under control. 15.so，such so是副词，意为“如此”，修饰形容词，如:so fast。such是形容词，意为“如此”，修饰名词。如:such a good boy 练习: There are_many clouds in the sky. He is_a bad man that people dont like him. 16.ill, sick生病的 ill用作“生病的”时，不可以修饰名词，而sick可以,some time,so,such,练习: This is a_boy.Please take a seat for him. He has been_in bed for 2 days. 17.asleep, sleepy, sleep (1)asleep形容词，“睡着的”。常用词组:fall asleep(入睡) (2)sleepy形容词，“想睡的，困倦的”。常用词组:be sleepy (3)sleep动词,“睡觉”。常用词组:go to sleep(睡觉) 练习: He was so_that he fell_easily. I have to_by 10 at home.,sick,Ill/sick,sleepy,asleep,sleep,18.awake,wake (1)awake形容词，“醒着的”。常用词组:be awake(醒着的) (2)wake动词，“醒来”。常用词组:wake up(醒来) 练习:Dont_me up.I want to sleep late. He is _now.Let him answer the telephone. 19.die, dead, death, dying (1)die动词，“死”。(2)dead形容词，“死的”。(3)death名词，“死”。(4)dying形容词，“将死的”。 练习:The dog has_.It has been_ for an hour.,wake,awake,died,dead,His _made us sad. The bird is _.Lets try to save it. 20.interesting, interested, interest (1)interesting形容词,“有趣的”, 常用来形容物。 (2)interested形容词,“感到有趣的”,常用来形容人的感觉。常用词组:be interested in(对感兴趣) (3)interest名词，“兴趣，爱好”。动词，“使某人感兴趣”。 练习:The film seems_.It _me.I want to see it tomorrow. My brother has many_.He is _ in basketball most.,death,dying,interesting,interests,interests,interested,21.pleased, pleasant, pleasure (1)pleased形容词，“感到高兴的”。常用词组:be pleased with(对感到高兴) (2)pleasant形容词，“令人愉快的”。a pleasant holiday(一个愉快的假期) (3)pleasure名词，“愉快”。常用词组:with pleasure(十分乐意) 练习: The news _ all of us.Were all_with it. Can you help me?With _. Thank you for your dinner!Its my _.,pleases,pleased,pleasure,pleasure,22.surprise, surprised, surprising (1)surprise作名词时，表“惊奇”。常用词组:in surprise惊奇地(放句末；to ones surprise使某人惊奇的是。作动词时表“使惊奇”)。 (2)surprised形容词，“感到惊奇的”。常用词组:be surprised at sth.be surprised to do sth. (3)surprising形容词，“令人惊奇的”。 练习:He looked at me in _.=He is _ to look at me. To my _,he failed in this contest. What _news! He was still alive.The news _us.,surprise,surprised,surprise,surprising,surprised,23.much too, too much, too many (1)much too+形容词、副词原级；表示“非常，极其，太”。 (2)too much+不可数名词；表示“太多”。 (3)too many+名词复数；表示“太多”。 练习: There is _rain in HuBei this summer so that _ people are in trouble of flood. There was _noise in the hall. The little girl has to practise the piano every day.She is _tired of it sometimes.,too much,too many,too much,much too,24.how often, how long, how soon, how far (1)how often表示频率。指间隔有多久，通常用一般现在时。常用once,twice,three times, often, usually，always, never等回答。 (2)how long表示持续多久。通常用表示一段时间的时间状语或“for+一段时间”，“since+时间点”等来回答。 (3)how soon表示“还要多久”，通常用一般将来时，用“in+一段时间”来回答。 (4)how far表示距离有多远。通常用“kilometer(s), mile(s)，”或“five minutes walk”等来回答。,练习:_ can the model plane fly? About ten meters. _ have you been in Zhongshan? For three years. _ do you call your parents? Once a week. _ will your uncle arrive at the airport?In an hour. _ will you stay in Shanghai? About a week. _ is it from your home to the school? Its only one kilometer./Its only five minutes walk.,How far,How long,How often,How soon,How long,How far,四、易混动词辨析 1.carry，take与bring的区别 (1)take是指将某物或某人从这里“带到”或“拿到”某处。 (2)bring与take相反，是指将某物或某人从别处“带来”或“拿来”。 (3)carry是指随身携带(背着、扛着、提着、抱着)，不表明来去的方向。 练习:Could you _it to the classroom? May I _ Tom to see you next Monday? The box is heavy.Can you _ it?,take,bring,carry,2.cross和across的区别 cross与across都表示“穿过；横过”的意思。但是cross是及物动词，across是介词，across的前面必须还要有谓语动词。 练习:When is it safe to_the road?什么时候过马路安全？ Go _the bridge.Youll find the museum on the left.走过这座桥，你就会在左边看到那个博物馆。 3.find,look for与find out的区别 find的意思是“找到”，look for是“寻找”，find out是经过调查“发现、查明(真相)”。,cross,across,练习:I cant _the broom. He is _ different places. Jane was angry when Lucy _ her secrets. 4.forget, leave和lose的区别 三词都有“忘”、“丢”的意思。其区别:forget常表示“记不起”、“忘了
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