2019-2020年高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 非谓语动词 新人教版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 非谓语动词 新人教版 考纲新研读1.非谓语动词的形式(以动词do为例)动词不定式动词的-ing形式动词过去分词一般式to dodoingdone一般被动式to be donebeing done完成式to have donehaving done完成被动式to have been donehaving been done进行式to be doing完成进行式to have been doing2.非谓语动词在句子中的作用主语宾语表语定语状语补语动词不定式 动词的-ing形式 动词过去分词 3.非谓语动词的用法 动词不定式(1)用作主语： To learn a foreign language well is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language well.(2)用作宾语： What do you like to do besides swim? Do you think it necessary to go there?(3)用作表语： All she would do was to go home.(4)用作宾补： I warned the boy not to be late again. He saw her leave the house. She was seen to leave the house. He often helps me (to) learn English. With no one to help him, he cant do it. With so many problems to settle, the manager cant leave for holidays.【注意】用于不带to的不定式作宾补的的动词有：feel, hear, see, notice, observe, watch, listen to, look at, have, make, let等。但 变为被动语态时需要带to。例如： I noticed her enter the office. We heard him sing every day. Santas father made her promise that she wouldnt write to me or send me any word.(5)用作定语： I have nothing to write (to write on/to write with). I was the first to e to school. We have no time to think about rest.(6)用作状语：常表示原因、结果、条件、目的等。 He stopped to talk to an old man.(目的) I rushed to the station, only to find the train already gone.(结果) He was happy to hear the news.(原因) 另外：in order to; so as to引导目的状语，“为了,以便”;so.as to 引导结果状语，“太以致”。(7)用在疑问词后面，如what to do,构成不定式复合结构,相当于名 词，作主语、宾语和表语。例如： The question is where to get a puter.(表语) I really dont know what to do.(宾语) How to get rid of the pollution is still a problem.(主语)【注意】不定式也有一定的时态和语态；有否定式、完成式、进 行式、被动式等和自己的逻辑主语：(1)被动形式： He asked to be sent to the front.(2)进行式： He pretended to be listening attentively.(3)完成式： He is said to have gone abroad.(4)否定式：(to)前加not： He pretended not to have seen me.(5)不定式的逻辑主语有两种情况(用for sb.或of sb.)： Its high time for us to plant trees. Its very kind of you to say so. 动词的过去分词(1)作定语 及物动词的过去分词，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去 分词，只表示完成。单个的分词作定语，放在它所修饰的词 的前面;分词短语作定语，放在它所修饰的词的后面。例如： A broken cup is lying on the floor. The meeting held yesterday was very important.(2)作表语： 表状态，与句子主语是被动关系。例如： He seemed quite delighted at the idea. The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains.(3)作状语 动词的过去分词相当于副词，可以在句子中作状语，与句子主 语是逻辑上的主谓关系，两者往往是被动关系，即主语是过去 分词动作的承受者。 Seen from space, the earth looks like a ball. pared with the people in Iraq, we are much happier. 名词加过去分词，构成独立结构，用作状语。 All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours.(4)作宾补 作宾语补足语的过去分词，大都来自及物动词。分词与宾语是 被动关系。不及物动词的过去分词作宾补,与宾语是主动关系, 表示动作已经发生。 I saw the house broken into. There is something wrong with my radio. I will have it repaired. The emperor ordered the cloth (to be) woven for him at once. He came in, with his hands tied at the back. 动词的-ing形式 动词的-ing形式相当于名词、形容词、副词等,也保留了动词的某些特征。(1)作主语： Talking is easier than doing. Its no use talking about it.(2)作宾语： He is afraid of being scolded. I found it no use talking with him.有些动词后面只能接doing。 如：admit, avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, miss, mention, practice, risk, stop, suggest等。有些动词后面只能接to do。如：agree, decide, expect, hope, long(渴望),manage, plan, pretend, refuse, wish等。有些动词后面接doing和to do 都可以，且意思差别细微，或看作 没差别。如：begin, start, hate, like, love, continue, refer等；但另一类词差别很大。如：forget, remember, mean, try, regret等。 还有 go on; remind sb. of doing sth.(使人想起)和remind sb. to do(提醒)。另外，stop doing停止干；stop to do停下来去干某 事，to do是目的状语。(3)作表语： Seeing is believing. The story is moving/exciting/interesting.(4)作宾补： I saw them ing across the road. They had their lights burning all night long.(5)作定语： There is a swimming pool in our school. China is a developing country.(6)作状语： Being ill, she went home. Having finished their homework, they had a rest. While reading the book, he nodded from time to time.【注意】 1.动词-ing形式的逻辑主语有三种形式： (1)doing前加物主代词。如：my doing； (2)doing前加名词所有格。如：Toms doing； (3)作宾语时doing前可加人称代词宾格。如：me doing。例如: Marys ing late made Mr. Smith angry. She didnt mind his (him) crying.2.否定式在其前面加not;完成式having done;被动式being done。 例如: Not knowing what to do, he turned to his teacher for help. Having finished their homework, they watched TV. He had hoped to take his seat without being seen.3.独立结构： Weather permitting (If weather permits), well have a sports meet next week. Weather being so fine (As weather is so fine), we have decided to go on an outing. There being no buses, we had to walk home.4.with复合结构： They slept, with the lights burning. 高考新剖析 1. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it _.xx年高考湖南卷 A. reusing B. reused C. reuses D. to be reused 2. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _reduce unemployment pressures.xx年高考江苏卷 A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped DC 3. Distinguished guests and friends, wele to our school. _the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友)from home and abroad. xx年高考江苏卷 A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended 4. They use puters to keep the traffic_ smoothly. xx年高考全国卷 A. being run B. run C. to run D. running 5. Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions_？xx年高考全国卷 A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take 6. If theres a lot of work_, Im happy to just keep on until it is finished. xx年高考上海卷 A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doingC DC A7. I feel greatly honored_ into their society. xx年高考北京卷 A. to wele B. weling C. to be weled D. weled 8. Something as simple as_ some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure.xx年高考上海卷 A. to drink B. drinking C. to be drinking D. drunk 9. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle_ to balance it.xx年高考上海卷 A. having tired B. trying C. to try D. tried 10. Ideally_ for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favorite with many guests. xx年高考上海卷 A. locating B. being located C. having been located D. locatedC BBD11. The children all turned_ the famous actress as she entered the classroom.xx年高考全国卷 A. looked at B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at12. _,you need to give all you have and try your best. xx年高考辽宁卷 A. Being a winner B. To be a winner C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner13. _in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. xx年高考福建卷 A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited14. Can those_ at the back of the classroom hear me? No problem.xx年高考福建卷 A. seat B. sit C. seated D. satBBC C 15. My parents have always made me _about myself, even when I was twelve. A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good 精题新探究 1. Which do you enjoy_ your holiday, going abroad or staying at home? A. spending B. to spend C. being spent D. spend 2. The pilot felt something_ wrong with the engine just before the plane took off. A. go B. went C. was going D. to go 3. Why do you look sad? There are so many problems_. A. remaining to settle B. remained settling C. remaining to be settled D. remained to be settledDBAC 4. Do you know why they practise_ basketball every day? They practise_ in the basketball match of our school. A. playing; to join B. playing; joining C. to play; to join D. to play; joining 5. Lilys mobile phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never _ again. A. to find B. to be found C. finding D. being found 6. We didnt find the Blacks_ the lecture. No one had told them about_ a lecture the following day. A. to attend; there to be B. attending; there being C. attended; there be D. attend; there was 7. The international agreement, _encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit, was signed on February 27. A. intending to B. being intended to C. intended to D. to intend toABBC 8. _twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city. A. Being examined B. Examined C. Examining D. Having been examined9. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen C. to see D. to have seen10. _ horrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child. A. Tasted B. Tasting C. To taste D. Being tasted11. The long-lasting meeting ended in failure, _no agreements. A. to reach B. would reach C. reaching D. reached12. Tom pretended_ it, but in fact, he knew it very well. A. not listen to B. not to hear about C. not to have heard about D. not to listenAC BC C 13. Even if the troops can be found, _them remains a problem. A. equips B. equipped C. having equipped D. equipping14. He showed us a good tyre for parison with the one _. A. wearing B. worn C. tearing D. torn15. _on time is one of our principles. And we do our best for customers. A. Deliver goods B. Delivering goods C. Delivered goods D. Having delivered goodsDBB