2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意题专练二文章大意类.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意题专练二文章大意类(xx云南省昆明市高三复习教学质量检测)Two weeks ago, a 7yearold girl, Chloe Bridgewater wrote a letter to Google, expressing her interest in working for the tech pany when she gets older. “Dear Google boss, my name is Chloe and when I am bigger I would like a job with Google，” she wrote. “I also want to work in a chocolate factory and do swimming in the Olympics.” The student said she liked puters and had a tablet she played games on. She even showed off a robot game that her dad gave her.It wasnt long before Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google, replied with his own letter on Google website. In a letter dated Feb. 3, Pichai wrote, “Dear Chloe, Im glad that you like puters and robots, and hope that you will continue to learn about technology. I think if you keep working hard and follow your dreams, you can acplish everything you set your mind to. I look forward to receiving your job application when you are finished with school！”Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was pletely shocked that his daughter received a reply. But he wasnt surprised that she decided to write the letter in the first place. “Shes got determination. She doesnt see the barriers that we face every day，” he explained. “If she wants to do it, she will set out to do it and nothing will stop her.”The father remarked that his daughter began jumping up and down after receiving the letter. Still, hes not in a rush to send his eldest daughter off to work. “Now, my daughter is confident, although she hasnt yet fully understood that it will take more efforts than finishing her study to make it with Google，” he said.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，七岁女孩Chloe Bridgewater给谷歌CEO Sundar Pichai写信，没想到却收到了Sundar的回信。【难句分析】Now, my daughter is confident, although she hasnt yet fully understood that it will take more efforts than finishing her study to make it with Google.分析：该句为主从复合句，句中although she hasnt yet. with Google为although引导的让步状语从句，该从句中又含有that引导的宾语从句that it will take. with Google。译文：现在，我的女儿很自信，尽管她还没有完全理解要在谷歌工作将需要她付出比完成学业更多的努力。1Chloes letter to Pichai shows us that she _.Aexpects to be one of the Google membersBhas a talent for making robotsCmakes up her mind to study hardDburies herself in puter games解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中的“when I am bigger I would like a job with Google”可知，她写信给谷歌CEO是希望长大后能在谷歌工作，故A项正确。2We can know from the text that _.Athe girl wrote the letter to Pichai on February 3Bthere are two children in Bridgewaters familyCAndy didnt expect a reply from Pichai at allDGoogle is sure to hire Chloe after her graduation解析：C考查推理判断。根据第三段的第一句“Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was pletely shocked that his daughter received a reply”可知，Andy对于他的女儿能收到回信很惊讶，据此可推知，Andy根本没有指望会收到谷歌CEO的回信，故C项正确。3What is the main idea of the text?AA 7yearold girl gets a job with Google.BCEO of Google responds to a girls letter.CA father forbids his girl to work for Google.DGoogle decides to employ its youngest clerk.解析：B考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述七岁女孩Chloe Bridgewater给谷歌CEO写信，希望长大后在谷歌公司工作，没想到谷歌CEO给她回了信，鼓励她努力学习，实现梦想。故选B项。B(xx湖北省七市(州)教科研协作体高三联合考试)Are you a social media addict? Are you always checking your smartphone to see how many “likes” youve received for your latest post? Maybe you feel forted by the sound that someone has sent you a message?Dont worry, youre not alone. We check our phones an average of 150 times a day, and around 30% of the total time spent online is devoted to social media. Some experts now fear this habit could be damaging our mental health.This is something particularly bothering young adults, according to a study from the University of Pittsburgh. It found the more they used social media, the more likely they were to be depressed (沮丧的). In tests, those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed pared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet, who had just 1.7 times the risk.Some of us certainly feel sad when were ignored on social media sites, or when we see someone else having a better time than us. But depression is a more serious condition and clinical psychologist, Abigael San, recently told the BBC that, “Its a real issue, and its been getting significantly worse over the last 5 6 years. You can get so hooked that it takes you away from your real relationships.” However, Abigael does admit that social media is more likely to worsen preexisting issues than directly cause them.Other research by the University of Glasgow found that teenagers are affected by the 24hour demands of their social media accounts. It found that those with higher levels of emotional investment in social media, and who use it at night, were more likely to feel depressed and anxious.Despite these warning signs, why do some of us continue to keep clicking? Well, I suppose we all want to be liked and we dont want to miss out on a conversation thats taking place online. But we need to know when to switch off our virtual (虚拟的) online world and connect with the real world instead.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了社交媒体上瘾的危害及应对策略。【难句分析】In tests, those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed pared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet, who had just 1.7 times the risk.分析：本句是一个复合句。三个who都引导了定语从句，都在从句中作主语，先行词都是人。译文：在测试中，那些经常查看社交媒体的人抑郁的可能性是那些通常把大部分时间花在上网浏览的人的2.7倍，而这些把大部分时间花在上网浏览方面的人只有1.7倍抑郁的风险。4Who is more likely to be depressed according to the study?APeople checking social media frequently.BPeople surfing the Internet regularly.CPeople receiving a few “likes” for their posts.DPeople longing for more messages.解析：A考查细节理解。根据文章第三段的最后一句“In tests, those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed pared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet, who had just 1.7 times the risk”可知，那些经常看社交媒体的人更有可能抑郁。5Why does the author give a quote from Abigael San in Para. 4?ATo introduce the ing topic.BTo give a more supporting example.CTo stress the importance of social media.DTo explain the cause of a social media addict.解析：B考查推理判断。根据第三段和第四段的整体内容可推知，第四段中引用心理学家Abigael的话是为了佐证全文的观点，故选B。6Why do people get addicted to social media according to the author?ABecause they have more time and money.BBecause the virtual world is much more attractive.CBecause they want to attract more attention.DBecause emotional investment in social media benefits them.解析：C考查细节理解。根据最后一段的第二句“Well, I suppose we all want to be liked and we dont want to miss out on a conversation thats taking place online”可知，人们沉溺于社交媒体不能自拔的原因是希望得到更多的关注，故选C。7Whats the passage mainly about?AIts mon for teenagers to be a social addict.BUsing smartphones does harm to peoples health.CIts better to stay away from virtual online world.DSocial media addiction contributes to depression.解析：D考查主旨大意。文章的第三段点题，再结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲述的是社交媒体上瘾的危害会引起抑郁。干扰项分析：A项错在teenagers，文章中提到对社交媒体上瘾的主体是young adults；智能手机只是人们接触社交媒体的一种工具，本文讲的社交媒体上瘾对人们的危害，故B项错误；远离虚拟世界只是作者提出的一种应对社交媒体上瘾的建议，不是文章的重点，故排除C项。C(xx重庆一模)The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America, more than 400 years ago. Their descendants (后代) in Eenador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high as 14,000 feet up in the Andes Mountains, (Thats higher than any other food will grow.) Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.People eat potatoes in many ways baked, mashed, and roasted, to name just three. However, in the United States most potatoes are eaten in the form of French fries. One fastfood chain alone sells more than $ 1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the pany pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaurants, it must pass many separate tests. Fail any one of these tests and the potato is rejected. To start with, only Russet Burbank potatoes are used. These Idaho potatoes have less water content than other kinds, which can have as much as 80 percent water. Once cut into “shoestrings” shapes, the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils, sprayed with liquid sugar to brown them, steam dried at high heat, then flash frozen for shipment to individual restaurants.Before shipping, every shoestring is measured. Forty percent of a batch must be between two and three inches long. Another 40 percent has to be over three inches. What about the 20 percent that are left in the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bag are okay, it seems.So, now that you realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop, you can understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”体裁：说明文题材：饮食与健康主题：炸薯条的地位【语篇导读】本文介绍了土豆被引进美国的历史及炸薯条在美国食物产业中举足轻重的地位。8Potatoes in North America came directly from _.AChileBEuropeCEcuador Dthe Andes Mountains解析：B细节理解题。根据文中第一段最后一句Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.可知，北美最早的土豆来自欧洲。故选B项。9Why does the pany pay special attention to the way the fries are prepared?ABecause selling fries is a big business.BBecause fries are not easy to prepare at all.CBecause Americans are particular about fries.DBecause the government has a strict rule for that.解析：A推理判断题。根据第二段的One fastfood chain alone sells more than $ 1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the pany pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.可知，在美国，炸薯条是个很大的行业，所以会被特殊关注。故选A项。10In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to say _.Asmall potatoes cannot be used for friesBpotatoes are really important for AmericansCeating in America is the very first thingDfries are really important for food industry解析：D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”可知，在美国，炸薯条在食品产业中不是“小土豆”(无足轻重的东西)，由此可推测，炸薯条在食品产业占有重要的地位。故选D项。测训诊断：本题考生易误选B项，本文首先介绍了土豆被引入美国，且炸薯条带来了强大商业利润，但在最后一段中，根据关键信息realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop及this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes”可知，本段重点强调炸薯条在食品产业中的重要地位，而不是土豆对美国人的重要性，故排除B项。11What is the main idea of this passage?AThe average American eats 50 pounds of potatoes a year.BFrench fries are made from potatoes.CPotatoes are a key vegetable in America.DThe various terms for potatoes have a long history.解析：C主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，在美国，土豆可以有多种吃法，尤其是炸薯条，深受人们的欢迎，也因此带来了强大的商业利润，在食品产业中占有重要地位。因此，本文的主旨是，在美国土豆是很重要的蔬菜。故选C项。