2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第四讲情态动词与虚拟语气.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第四讲情态动词与虚拟语气考点1can/could的用法1Samuel，the tallest boy in our class，_ easily reach the books on the top shelf.(xx北京，21)Amust Bshould Ccan Dneed答案C解析句意为：我们班最高的男孩塞缪尔能(can)轻松地够到顶层架子上的书。此处表示能力，要用can。must必须；should应当，应该；need需要。2It was really annoying；I _ get access to the data bank you had remended.(xx天津，5)Awouldnt BcouldntCshouldnt Dneednt答案B解析句意为：真烦人，我无权使用你推荐的资料库。couldnt意为“不能”，符合语境。wouldnt不愿意；shouldnt不应该；neednt没必要。3_ I have a word with you？It wont take long.(xx北京，27)ACan BMustCShall DShould答案A 解析can表示向对方请求许可，常用在口语中。句意为：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会占用很长时间。考点归纳1表示能力，could 是 can 的过去式。Can you speak English? 你会说英语吗？Could you speak English then? 那时候你会说英语吗？2表示请求允许，可用 can或 could，could语气较委婉；表示给予允许，一般只用 can，而不能用 could。Could/Can I use your pen?Yes，of course you can.我可以借用你的钢笔吗？当然可以。3can表推测时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句；有时也用于肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性，或表示“有时可能会”之意。Why does he know this? Can someone have told him about it?他怎么知道？会是哪个人告诉他了吗？It can be very cold in Scotland.苏格兰天气有时会很冷的。考点2may/might的用法1You _ feel all the training a waste of time，but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.(xx陕西，21)Ashould Bneed Cshall Dmay答案D解析句意为：你可能觉得所有的培训都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百确定，你以后会为你这么做了而心存感激的。should表示推测时指“按常理应该”；need意为“需要”，常用于否定句或疑问句中；shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句，表示允诺、警告、威胁等语气；may表示推测时指“可能，或许”。由句意可知，此处表示语气不强烈的推测，故用may。2Life is unpredictable；even the poorest _ bee the richest.(xx江西，30)Ashall Bmust Cneed Dmight答案D解析句意为：生活是难以预料的，甚至是最穷的人都有可能变成最富的人。might可能，表示比较小的可能性，常用于肯定句和否定句中，符合题意，故选D项。shall表示将来时态，或命令、允诺、威胁等强烈语气，must一定，need需要，皆不合题意。考点归纳1表示许可。表示请求允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustnt表示“不可以”、“禁止”。You may drive the car.你可以驾驶这辆车。Might I use your pen?No，you mustnt.我能用你的钢笔吗？不，你不能。2表示推测、可能(常用于肯定句中)。 He may be very busy now.现在他可能很忙。3用于祈使句中表示祝愿。May you succeed!祝你成功！考点3must的用法1You _ be careful with the camera.It costs！(xx四川，2)Amust Bmay Ccan Dwill答案A解析句意为：你一定要非常小心地对待这个照相机，它很贵。根据下文的“It costs！”可知，照相机一定很昂贵，所以“必须”小心对待，故选择A。2You _ be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.(xx重庆，12)Amust BcanCwill Dshall答案A解析句意为：你一定是卡萝尔，这么多年你一点儿都没变。依据第二句可知，此处应用must表示很有把握的推测，意为“一定，肯定”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。考点归纳1must表示“义务、责任、命令”时意为“必须”；表示推测时意为“一定是，必定是”。2must用在条件句或疑问句中，有时表示固执坚持，意为“一定要，非得要”。Must you make that dreadful noise?你非要弄出这讨厌的噪音吗？If you must go，take my umbrella.如果你非要走，就带上我的伞。考点4will/would的用法1How is the smog control going on in our capital city?It couldnt be worse.You _ believe Beijing upgraded the smog alert from yellow to orange and then red again yesterday.(xx江苏常州一模，33)Awont BmustntCneednt Dshouldnt答案A解析句意为：我们首都的雾霾控制得怎么样了？简直糟糕透了。你都不会相信昨天北京把雾霾警告从黄色提升至橙色，然后又到红色。wont不会，不愿；mustnt表禁止；neednt不必；shouldnt不应该。wont believe不会相信。2I still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me to Disneyland at weekends.(xx四川，6)Amight Bmust Cwould Dshould答案C解析此题考查的是would表示过去的习惯性动作，可译为“过去常常”。句意为：我仍旧记得我快乐的童年，那时我的母亲常在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。考点归纳1表示请求、建议等，would比will更委婉。Will/Would you pass me the ball，please? 请把球递给我好吗？2will/would表示意志、愿望和决心。用于非人称主语时，表示固有的性质、倾向。If you will make another try，I shall do everything possible to help you.如果你愿意再试一次的话，我愿尽一切可能帮助你。She wont lend me the money.她不愿意把钱借给我。The door wont shut.门关不上了。 3would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。He would e to have a chat with us when he was free.他有空时，常会过来跟我们聊天。He used to live in a cottage near the river.他过去常住在河边的一座小木房里。考点5shall/should 的用法1Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.Oh，its too bad.You _ have made full preparations.(xx福建，27)Amust BcanCwould Dshould答案D解析句意为：很抱歉，妈妈，我的面试又失败了。噢，真是太糟糕了，你本应该做好充分准备的。should have done本应该做但是没有做。2It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves，_ bring me food.(xx江苏，31)Amight Bwould Cshould Dcould答案C解析句意为：让我难为情的是，他们自己那么穷，竟然还要给我带吃的。should可表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等特殊情感，此处意为“竟然”，表惊讶。3According to the new school regulations，the students _ be forbidden to go out beyond 10：30 at night.Amust BshallCmay Dcan 答案B解析句意为：根据新的校规，晚上超过十点半学生禁止外出。shall表示法律条约、规章制度等规定的内容。意为“应该，必须”。考点归纳1shall用于主语为第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话者(而非句子主语)给对方的一种允诺、威胁、命令、警告等。You shall have a lot of money.你会有很多钱的。(允诺)You shall arrive there before sunset.你们要在日落前到达那里。(命令)She shall get what she deserves.她会有报应的。(警告)2shall用于主语为第三人称的陈述句中，表示条约、规章、法令等中的义务或规定，常译为“应，必须”。All members shall contribute to the fund needed for carrying on such activities.所有成员都要捐助进行这一类活动所需要的经费。Visitors shall not pick flowers.游客不得攀折花木。3在下列句型中的that从句里常用should，把that从句的情景看成是可能存在的，也就是说，对从句表达的情景表示怀疑、惊讶、忧虑、惋惜、欢喜等，翻译时，常加上“竟然”两字。Im surprised/sorry/satisfied/glad/afraid/anxious/worried.that.I think it important/a pity.that.I cannot imagine/believe.that.It worries me/astonishes me.that.It is proper/likely/probable/possible.that.Im surprised that he should feel lonely.他竟然会感到孤独，真使我惊讶。It is astonishing that he should have mitted the same mistake.他竟犯了相同的错误，真令人吃惊。How can you expect that she should lend money to you?你怎么能指望她借钱给你呢？考点6dare和need的用法1My room is a mess，but I _ clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.(xx天津，2)Adarent BshouldntCneednt Dmustnt答案C解析句意为：我的房间很乱，不过今晚在我出去之前，我没必要(neednt)打扫它。我可以在(明天)早晨打扫。darent不敢；shouldnt不应该；mustnt不准。2I _ have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.(xx天津，7)Amightnt BmustntCneednt Dcouldnt答案C解析句意为：在来到新学校前我本不必担心，因为在新学校我的同班同学对我很友好。neednt have done.本没必要做某事，符合题意。3I _ ask him，because I think it _ be wrong.Adarent；must Bdare；mustCdare；mustnt Ddarent；mustnt 答案A 解析句意为：我不敢问他，因为我觉得一定是错了。darent不敢；must表推测，意为“一定”。考点归纳1need表示“需要”，作情态动词时，常用于否定句或疑问句中。用于疑问句中时，肯定回答要用must。“neednt have过去分词”结构表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了”。You neednt e so early.你不必来这么早。Need I finish the work today?Yes，you must.我必须今天完成作业吗？是的，必须完成。You neednt have waited for me.你本来没有必要等我的。2dare作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，过去式形式为dared。How dare you say Im unfair!你怎么敢说我不公平！He darent speak English before such a crowd.他不敢在这么多人面前说英语。3dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。I dare to swim across this river.我敢游过这条河。He does not dare (to) answer.他不敢回答。Dont you dare (to) touch it？难道你不敢碰它吗？He needs to finish the work this evening.他需要今天晚上完成工作。Will we need to show our passport?我们需要出示护照吗？4主语need doing/to be doneThe door needs painting/to be painted.那扇门需要油漆一下。考点7情态动词表推测1They are said to have been familiar with each other.But they _.They were introduced only hours ago.Amay not have beenBcouldnt have beenCmustnt have beenDneednt have been答案B解析句意为：据说他们互相之间已经非常熟悉了。但是不可能啊。他们几小时前才被介绍认识的。根据句意可知这是对过去情况的否定推测，应用couldnt have done表示过去不可能做了某事。2My book，The House of Hades，is missing.Who _ have taken it？(xx陕西，25) Aneed BmustCshould Dcould答案D解析第二句句意为：可能是谁把它拿走了呢？could可表示说话者主观猜测的“可能”，此时用于否定句和疑问句中，符合题意。need需要；must一定，肯定，表猜测时通常只用于肯定句；should多指预期的事，常译为“按道理说应该”。考点归纳1表示肯定推测时mustwillwouldought toshouldcancouldmaymight。2表示否定推测时cant语气最强，意为“不可能”；may/might/could not的语气较弱，意为“可能不”。(mustnt不表示否定推测，而表示“禁止，不能”。)3表示推测时，must只能用在肯定句中；may和might往往用在肯定句和否定句中；can和could可用于各种句式，can用于肯定句中时，有时表示“一时的可能性或暂时的可能性”。4“情态动词do”表示对目前动作的推测；“情态动词be doing”表示对正在发生的动作的推测；“情态动词have done”表示对过去发生的动作的推测。考点8与情态动词有关的特殊搭配His way of addressing one hard problem last Friday _ lead to the rise of another.(xx江苏南通三模，33)Awould rather Bmay wellCshall Dneed答案B解析句意为：他上周五处理一个难题的方法很有可能导致另一个难题的出现。may well do sth.很可能做某事，为固定搭配。考点归纳1cannot/never.too/enough.再也不过分，越越好2cant help/choose but do.只好做3cant but do.不得不做4cant help doing.情不自禁做5it cant be helped实在没办法；无法避免6more than sb.can.非某人所能7may/might well do.很有可能做某事8may/might as well do.不妨做；还是做的好考点9虚拟语气的用法1If the new safety system _ to use，the accident would never have happened.(xx北京，34)Ahad been putBwere putCshould be putDwould be put答案A解析句意为：要是新的安全系统被投入使用了的话，这起事故就不会发生了。此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，所以从句谓语用过去完成时，选A项。2Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes.Otherwise，I _ able to reach her yesterday.(xx天津，15)Ahadnt been Bwouldnt have beenCwerent Dwouldnt be答案B解析句意为：你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？有。不然我昨天就联系不上她了。由空前的otherwise及句意可知应用虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反的情况，谓语动词用would have done，故选B项。3_ not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overe her difficulty.(xx江苏，22)AIt were BWere itCIt was DWas it答案B解析句意为：如果没有老师们的支持，这名学生不可能战胜困难。此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语用were；在非真实条件句中，如果有should，had或were时，可以省略if，而把should，had或were提至主语前，形成部分倒装，故选B项。4Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway _ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.(xx重庆，7)Adidnt write Bhadnt written Cwouldnt write Dwouldnt have written答案D解析句意为：要是没有战争时的经历，海明威就不会写出他的著名小说永别了，武器。该句使用了含有without的含蓄虚拟语气，由语境知，这里是对过去情况的假设，因此主句谓语用“would/could/should/mighthave done”，故D项正确。5It is lucky we booked a room，or we _ nowhere to stay now.(xx安徽，32)Ahad Bhad hadCwould have Dwould have had答案C解析句意为：很幸运我们订了一个房间，否则我们现在将无处可住。or引导含蓄虚拟条件句，根据“now”可知，是对现在的情况进行虚拟，因此用“would动词原形”，故选C。6Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I _ as well as her.(xx陕西，23)Adance Bwill danceChad danced Ddanced答案D解析句意为：埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊！I wish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。叙述与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去式(be用were)；叙述与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用could/should/would/might do；叙述与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用had done。由语境可知，此处叙述的是与现在事实相反的情况，故谓语动词用过去式，选D项。7We would rather our daughter _ at home with us，but it is her choice，and she is not a child any longer.(xx陕西，23)Awould stay Bhas stayedCstayed Dstay答案C解析would rather后跟宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来事实相反；用“had过去分词”表示与过去事实相反。根据后一句中的is可知，此处表示与现在或将来事实相反，故此处动词应用过去式，故选C项。8It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I _ it？(xx重庆，13)Ahad done Bhave doneCdid Dam doing答案A解析句意为：是John打坏了窗户。为什么你说得好像是我打坏了似的？题中broke表示“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”。as if/though后面的从句用had done表示对“过去”的虚拟。故A项正确。考点归纳1(1)if条件句虚拟语气时间 虚拟条件句谓语动词主句谓语动词与过去事实相反 had done would/could/might have done与现在事实相反 did/werewould/could/ might do与将来事实相反 did/werewere to do should do would/could/ might do If you had e a few minutes earlier，you would have met him.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)If it were sunny tomorrow，I would e to see you.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反)If I were you，I would go at once.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你)(2)错综时间条件句当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称作“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。 If you had studied hard before，you would be a college student now.如果你以前用功学习了的话，你现在就是一名大学生了。 (3)含蓄条件句用介词(短语)代替条件状语从句，常用的介词(短语)有without，but for，but that，otherwise，or，but等。 Without your help，we could not have succeeded.没有你的帮助，我们不可能取得成功。 But for electricity，there would be no modern industry.要是没有电，就没有现代产业。 He felt very tired yesterday，or he would have attended the party.他昨天太累了，否则他会参加派对的。 (4)if省略句当if引导的虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有had，should，were时，可将if省略，而将had，should，were置于句首，采用倒装结构。 If you had left home earlier，you would have caught the bus.Had you left home earlier，you would have caught the bus.如果你早点从家中出门，你就能赶上汽车了。 若省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，不能用谓语动词的省略形式。 Were it not for the expense，I would go abroad now.要不是考虑到花销，我现在可能都出国了。 2虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用 (1)demand，suggest，order，insist等表命令、建议、要求后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”；wish后的宾语从句中分别用过去式、过去完成式和“could/would动词原形”表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反。We suggested that Tom have a rest.我们建议汤姆去休息一下。I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。He wished he hadnt said that.他希望他没讲过那样的话。I wish it would rain tomorrow.我希望明天下雨。(2)在It is necessary/important/strange that.；It is suggested/demanded/ordered/requested that.等从句中，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。It is important that we (should) master a foreign language.掌握一门外语很重要。Its suggested that the plan (should) be carried out.人们建议执行这个计划。(3)作idea，advice，order，demand，request等表命令、建议、要求的词的表语从句和同位语从句中，其谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。My demand is that she should e to see me once a week.我要求她一周来看我一次。All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory (should) be closed down.我们都支持关闭化工厂的建议。3在as if 从句中，常用虚拟形式，即表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式 (had done)。She looks after the boy as if he were her own son.她照顾这男孩就像对自己的儿子一样。 She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。4Its (high/about) time that主语过去时/should do，意为“到了某人做的时候了”。It is high time that we went to bed/should go to bed.到了我们睡觉的时候了。5would rather.过去时(与现在或将来相反)/过去完成时(与过去相反)Id rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。方法1意义判断法所谓意义判断法就是分析语境并确定应填情态动词的含义。因此熟练掌握每个情态动词的意义和用法是做题的前提。典例You_ park here！Its an emergency exit.Awouldnt BneedntCcouldnt Dmustnt答案D解析句意为：你不准把车停在这里！这是一个紧急出口。wouldnt不会；neednt没有必要；couldnt不能够；mustnt不准，禁止。故选D项。方法2句型判断法有些情态动词需要用在特定的句型中，如may表示推测时，往往用在肯定或否定句中；must表示推测只能用于肯定句中。运用此法就是通过分析所给句子的句型特点，选用具有特定句型特点的情态动词。典例You _ be hungry alreadyyou had lunch only two hours ago!Awouldnt BcantCmustnt Dneednt答案B解析句意为：你不可能饿了。你两小时前刚吃过。can表推测用于否定句中，意为“不可能”。方法3语气判断法情态动词主要表示说话人的语气、情感或态度，所以在解答此类试题时，一定要注意说话者的语气(这也是解题的难点)，这就要求正确理解句子，从说话者的角度去考虑问题，结合具体的语境来分析和判断，最后确定所需情态动词是否符合特定的情感需要。典例Just as we were sitting down to have dinner，the telephone_ ring.Amust BcouldCmight Dneed答案A解析must在此表示说话人的愿望或感到不耐烦，意为“偏要”。句意为：正当我们要坐下来吃饭时，偏偏电话铃响了。方法4人称判断法有些情态动词在表达某个意义时，要与特定的人称连用，这为我们选择正确答案提供了方向。典例I havent got the reference book yet，but Ill have a test on the subject next month.Dont worry.You_ have it by Friday.Acould Bshall Cmust Dmay答案B解析句意为：我还没有弄到参考书，但是下个月我将参加这门学科的测试。不要担心，到星期五时你就有了。shall用于主语为第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示“允诺”，符合语境。could能够；must必须；may也许，可以。方法5特定词汇、句型提示法虚拟语气可以用在状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句中，在不同的从句中，虚拟语气用不同的动词形式来体现，如if非真实条件句(分三种情形)，wish后的宾语从句等。所以，掌握了各类从句中虚拟语气的动词形式，就基本上掌握了虚拟语气的用法。另外，某些词、句如if it were not for/had not been for，but for.，if only.，without等，往往也要采用虚拟语气。典例1If it _ for his invitation the other day，I should not be here now.(xx江苏，27)Ahad not been Bshould not beCwere not to be Dshould not have been答案A解析句意为：如果不是他前几天邀请我，我现在就不会在这里了。根据句子结构和句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，再结合时间状语the other day可知，这是对过去行为的虚拟，故if从句要用过去完成时。典例2Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think we _ it without you.Acan manageBcould have managedCcould manageDcan have managed答案B解析根据without可知，要用虚拟语气；根据第一句中的last week可知，是对过去情况的虚拟，故选B。could have done表示本能够做某事(但没做)。强化练(四)1The movie couldnt be more boring.I wish I _ to it.(xx天津十二所重点中学二模，14)Ahad not been Bhave not beenCdid not go Dhave not gone答案A解析句意为：这部电影无聊透了。我希望我没有去看它。wish后的宾语从句表示对过去事情的虚拟，故谓语动词用过去完成时，选A。2What does the sign over there read?“No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette or pipe in this restaurant.”(xx河西区二模，8)Awill BshallCneed Dmust答案B解析句意为：那边的牌子上写着什么？“任何人不得在本餐厅吸烟或手持点燃的香烟或烟斗。” shall在此处表示“规定”。3Can I go now，sir?If you _ leave，do it quietly.(xx天津十二所重点中学一模，2)Ashould BmustCshall Dmay答案B解析句意为：我现在可以走吗，先生？如果你非要离开，悄悄地走。must偏要，非得。4If I _ time，I would certainly go to the movies with you，but I have a lot of work to do.(xx红桥区二模，14)Ahad BhaveCwill have Dhad had答案A解析句意为：如果我有时间的话，我肯定会和你一起去看电影，但是我有很多工作要做。对现在情况的虚拟，条件句谓语动词需用动词的过去式，故选A。5_ the rain stop，the crops would be saved.(xx河东区二模，11)AWill BWouldCShould DHad答案C解析句意为：如果雨停了的话，庄稼将会得救。表示对将来情况的假设，可用“should动词原形”。从句为省略if将should提前构成的倒装。6Im afraid theres no good news for you，Tom.Shall I tell your parents or shall I just let them know nothing about the result of this exam?Id rather they _ know，sir.(xx河西区二模，9)Adont BwontCdidnt Dnot答案C解析句意为：恐怕你没有什么好消息，汤姆。我是应该告诉你的父母还是让他们对这次考试的结果一无所知呢？我宁愿他们不知道，老师。would rather后跟从句时，从句用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反的愿望，动词用过去时。7Im sorry._ for my illness，I would have e and lent you a helping hand.(xx和平区一模，15)AWere it not BIf it were notCHad it not been DIf it has not been答案C解析句意为：我很抱歉。要不是我病了，我会来帮你一把的。从句为省略if的部分倒装结构，由主句中的would have e以及句意可知，这里是对过去情况的假设，故选C。8The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day _ get a big prize.(xx天津十二所重点中学二模，2)Amust BshallCwould Dcould答案B解析句意为：这家新开的超市宣布，第一个在开张那天购买商品的人将获得一个大奖。shall在此处表示“许诺”。9I phoned you yesterday morning.A girl answered，but I didnt recognize the voice.Oh，it _ my younger sister.She was in my room at that moment.(xx南开区二模，7)Amust have been Bshould have beenCcould have been Dmay have been答案A解析句意为：我昨天早上给你打电话了。接电话的是一个女孩子，但我没有听出是谁的声音。哦，一定是我妹妹。当时她在我的房间里。表示对过去的肯定性推测，用“musthave done”结构。10Visit the old man this afternoon？If you _，make sure you wear sunscreens to protect your skin.(xx南开区三模，6)Amust BcanCmay Dshall答案A解析句意为：今天下午去拜访那位老人？如果你一定要去的话，一定要涂上防晒霜来保护你的皮肤。此处must表示“偏要，非得，硬要”。11Its no use envying others success.Its time you _ hard.(xx天津十二区县二联，15)Amust work Bwere to workCwork Dshould work答案D解析句意为：嫉妒别人的成功是没有用的，是该你努力工作的时候了。在Its time (that).句式中，从句的谓语用动词的过去式或“should动词原形”(should不能省略)。故选D。12I think Ill give Bob a ring.You _.You havent been in touch with him for ages.(xx红桥区一模，3)Ashould BwillCmay Dhave to答案A解析should应该；will会；may也许；have to不得不。根据下句“You havent been in touch with him for ages.”可知此处表达的是“应该”，故选A。13Why didnt you call me?Oh，my cell-phone ran out of power，otherwise I_ you.(xx天津十二区县一模，15)Awould call Bhad calledCcalled Dwould have called答案D解析英语中当表示条件时没有连词if，而是用otherwise、or、but、but for等形式来表达，这种类型的虚拟语气被称之为含蓄的虚拟条件句。本题中otherwise表示“否则”，相当于一个虚拟条件句。由“ran out of power”可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以用“would/should/could/mighthave done”，故选D。14Your mother_have fallen asleep.You were making so much noise so late in the yard then！(xx天津五校联考一模，6)Amustnt BcantCmightnt Dshouldnt答案B解析mustnt禁止；cant不可能；mightnt可能没；shouldnt不应该。根据句意“你妈妈不可能睡着了，那时侯你在院子里搞出那么多的噪音！”及所给选项分析可知，选B。15_ you practise playing the piano at this time？You see its deep into the night!Oh，Im sorry，Mum.(xx天津五校联考二模，12)AWill BCanCShould DMust答案D解析will会；can能够；should应该；must必须。must除了表示命令和要求外，还可以表示责备的语气，意思是“非要不可吗”。故选D。16Had the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS-related deaths _ since their highest in xx.(xx南开区一模，15)Ahad not fallenBwould not fallCdid not fallDwould not have fallen答案D解析根据题干，从句中had置于句首可知，此处为虚拟语气中省略连词if的情况。由从句中谓语动词had not worked (had done)可知，是对过去情况的假设，所以主句中的谓语动词应用would/could/might/should have done来表示对过去情况的假设，故选D。17But for the chances I was blessed with，my life _ easily _ a turn for the worse.(xx河东区一模，10)Awould；takeBwill；have takenCshould；takeDcould have；taken答案D解析句中but for表示条件，意为“要不是”，表示与过去事实相反的假设，要用虚拟语气；对过去的虚拟，主句要用情态动词加完成时态来构成；will不能构成虚拟，故选D。18If only I _ at the party last night！But I had to prepare for the conference.(xx河西区一模，13)Awere Bhad beenChave been Dwas答案B解析if only要是就好了，表达要用虚拟语气，根据句中的时间状语last night，可以看出是对过去的虚拟，所以时态要用过去完成时had done，故选B。19Had it not been for your practical advice，we_such great achievements.(xx天津五校联考一模，15)Awould make Bwouldnt have madeCdidnt make Dhadnt made答案B解析此处是对过去的虚拟，从句省略if，并将had置于句首构成部分倒装，主句应用“would have done”，再根据句意“我们本不会取得这么大的成就”，可知选B。20The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exams.(xx红桥区一