2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷26Unit1Art新人教版选修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语大一轮复习单元检测卷26Unit1Art新人教版选修.阅读理解AIs pricing a plane ticket based on the passengers weight fair? If youre taking an international flight on Samoa Air today, your fare will be based on your weight, along with that of your luggage. The cost is 93 cents to $106 for each kilogram.The average American woman weighs 75.5 kilograms, far from the ideal weight for her average height. Her ticket on Samoa Air, at the $1 a kilogram rate, would cost $75.50. But lets be honest here. Since the average American woman is overweight, the ticket will cost her more.Samoa Air Chief Executive Chris Langton said, “Planes are run by weight and not by seat. The plane can only carry a certain amount of weight and that weight needs to be paid.” He believes other airlines should adopt the policy. Its not a new idea. I remember a newspaper columnist years ago who put forth the idea that the heavier among us should pay more for their seats on planes, trains and buses. Who hasnt been squeezed into a middle seat between two plussized folks on a flight? Its happened to me; one time my married seatmates had purposefully chosen their seats to have more space until a soldout flight put me between them. Not one of my better flying experiences. What if such a policy is adopted by some airlines in the United States? Could such pricing provide a muchneeded motivation for Americans to reduce body weight? I hope so. But, as we know, more than onethird of us are obese and another third are overweight. The high probability is that the heavy customers will not suddenly lose weight or stop flying, but will instead choose a different airline, simply moving the supposed problem elsewhere. Theres no doubt that the heavier will suffer more discrimination(歧视). Discrimination against the overweight in the United States has increased by 66 percent over the last decade“and is parable to rates of racial discrimination, especially among women，”wrote Yale University researcher Rebecca M Puhl. Your weight can affect your salary, your chances for employment, how others view you and even, now, your air fares. “If the policy succeeds, it may encourage the spread of body discrimination across different industries and the wider culture，” said one British editorial writer. He holds that it is panies duty to provide equipment that meet the needs of their customers. And well see how effective it is as a business model.语篇导读本文为议论文，就航空公司根据乘客体重来决定机票价格的规定而展开讨论。1In Paragraph 3, Chris Langton _.Aexplained the reasons for the ticket policy Bshowed the difficulties of the ticket policyCexpressed his doubt about the ticket policy Ddiscussed the advantages of the ticket policy解析 A细节理解题。第三段主要讲述了萨摩亚航空公司的首席执行官克里斯兰顿所说的一番话：飞机是按重量而不是按座位运行的，飞机只能携带一定量的重量，重量应该被计价，并且鼓励其他航空公司也采用这项政策，故选A项。 2If some American airlines adopt the ticket policy, _.Athey will possibly lose a lot of customersBthere will be less overweight peopleCpeople will use other forms of transportationDthe problem of overweight planes will be partly solved解析 A细节理解题。 根据第五段最后一句可知，采用这项票价政策之后，很大的可能是那些超重的乘客不会突然减轻体重或者停止乘坐飞机，而是会选择其他的航空公司，把这些假定的问题转移到别处。所以采用这项政策的航空公司将会失去很多乘客，故选A项。3The author mentions Puhls study to show _.Awomen are less likely to suffer discriminationBracial discrimination is getting worse nowadaysCthe ticket policy will have little influence on the obeseDthe ticket policy will make body discrimination more serious解析 D细节理解题。第六段主要讲述了身体肥胖会在求职和生活等各方面遭受歧视的问题，这时引用耶鲁大学的研究者普尔的话：快速增长的体重歧视已经赶上种族歧视了，尤其是对女人的体重歧视。结合全文内容可知，这项票价政策将加剧体重歧视问题，故选D项。4Which best describes the British editorial writers attitude to Samoa Airs policy?AOptimistic. BDefensive. CDisapproving. DCasual.解析 C观点态度题。在倒数第二段一位英国社论作家说：如果这项政策成功(推行)，它可能会加剧身体歧视在不同行业和文化中的传播，他认为提供设备满足乘客的需求是公司的责任。由此可以推知，该作家对萨摩亚航空公司的政策持反对态度，故选C项。BSome houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects. Located on the shore of Sullivans Island off the coast of South Carolina, the awardwinning cubeshaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane Hugo 10 years ago. In September 1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolinas shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement(执行) of building codes(建筑法规) wasnt strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverlydesigned beach house. In Hugos wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, betterenforced codes. The new beach house on Sullivans Island should be able to resist a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour. At first sight, the house on Sullivans Island looks anything but hurricaneproof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern” at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The houses wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength. To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it27 meters off the ground on timber pilings(桩)long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also elevate(提升) the house above storm waves. The pilings allow the waves to run under the house instead of running into it. “These swells of water e ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beachfront buildings，” said Huff. Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed by the houses groundtoroof shell. “The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesnt look like its standing with its pant legs pulled up，” said Huff. In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.语篇导读本文为说明文，介绍了一个在美国建筑协会获得优秀奖的海滩房，一个有着巧妙设计的房子。5After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along South Carolinas shore line should _. Abe easily reinforcedBlook smarter in design Cbe designed in the shape of cubesDsatisfy higher building standards 解析 D细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，在Hugo飓风发生之前，很多沿着南卡罗莱纳海岸线建造的新房子都不合格，在Hugo飓风发生之后，所有沿海岸线新建的房子都必须要符合更为严格的规定，故选D项。6Huff raised the house27 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to _.Aprevent water from rushing into the house Bmake stronger pilings deep in the sand Cbreak huge sea waves into smaller ones Dwithstand peak winds of about 200 km/hr解析 A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段倒数第二句可知，这些木桩让波浪从房子下面流过而不是涌到房子里面，故选A项。7The main function of the shell is _.Ato strengthen the pilings of the houseBto protect the wooden frame of the houseCto give the house a better appearanceDto slow down the speed of the swelling water 解析 C推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句以及句中的look like可以推断，这种外壳的主要作用是装饰房子，故选C项。8It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be _.Afancylooking BwaterproofCextremely strongDeasily breakable 解析 D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，在发生暴风潮时，这种外壳需要分裂解体，让浪潮从房子下面冲过，所以可推断这种外壳需要很容易破裂，故选D项。.语法填空Many of Van Goghs paintings were inspired by warm, yellow sunlight because he loved how it could light up the world in different ways. His painting Sunflowers, for example, 1is filled (fill) with vivid yellows and browns. These colors give 2the painting a feeling of warmth and wellbeing. However, the sunflowers are actually dead and dying.The result is a painting that bines the warmth of life that Van Gogh loved 3with the feelings of sadness that were all around him. It is a painting that is warm, beautiful and sad, all at the same time.Van Goghs most famous painting, The Starry Night, takes this 4mixture (mix) of joy and sadness one step further. It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows 5that/which represent the sadness Van Gogh was feeling as he 6was painting (paint), rather than what he was actually seeing.This is why Van Goghs 7images (image) in his painting look more imagined than real. The stars and moon in The Starry Night are 8unusually (unusual) bright, 9their (they) light swirling(旋动) above the darkening hills. A tree that looks like black fire cuts through the view of the night, 10interrupting (interrupt) its beauty.语篇导读本文为说明文，介绍了著名画家梵高的两幅画作以及它们的创作风格。1is filled解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：例如，他的画作向日葵就充满了鲜艳的黄色和褐色。此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语His painting为单数，Sunflowers是其同位语，为画作的名称，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；且主语与fill之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。2the解析 考查冠词。句意：这些颜色让这幅画有种温暖和幸福的感觉。上文提到了梵高的向日葵这幅画，此处再次提及，应用定冠词the修饰painting，表示特指。3with解析 考查介词。句意：结果这是一幅把梵高喜爱的生活中的温暖和围绕在他周围的悲伤感觉结合起来的画。binewith把和结合起来，为固定搭配。4mixture解析 考查词性转换。句意：梵高最著名的画作星夜更进一步地表达了这种欢乐与悲伤的交织。空处作takes的宾语，故用名词。5that/which解析 考查连词。句意：它是一幅风景画，充满了代表着忧伤的深蓝色和阴影。这种忧伤是梵高在作画时所感受到的，而不是他真正看到的。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，deep blues and shadows为先行词，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故用that或which引导。6was painting解析 考查时态和主谓一致。句中的as意为“当的时候”，根据was feeling可知用过去进行时，表示过去他正在绘画；由从句主语he可知，从句谓语用第三人称单数形式。7images解析 考查名词的数。句意：这就是为什么梵高画中的形象看起来更像是被想象出来的，而不是真的。image意象，形象，为可数名词，根据句意和常识可知，梵高的画作不止一幅，应用复数形式。8unusually解析 考查词性转换。句意：画作星夜中的星星和月亮特别明亮，它们的光在昏暗的山上旋动着。副词修饰形容词bright。9their解析 考查代词。根据句意，此处指星星和月亮的光，上文已经提及，故用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。10interrupting解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：一颗看起来像黑色火焰的树穿过夜晚的景色，破坏了它的美。interrupt和逻辑主语A tree之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词interrupting作状语，表示自然而然的结果。.短文改错I went shopping in the center of the city yesterday afternoon. It was six oclock I was going home by bus. The bus was full of ， all of whom kept silent. A mother with her little son sitting nearby. All of a sudden, the son cried loudly. The mother to do what she could make him stop crying. However, the son went on crying. After a long time, a man next to the mother said angrily, “Why dont you give the child what wants？” The mother answered ， “I would if I could, what he wants is your hat.” Hearing of this, all the passengers burst into laughter. 解析 句意：当我乘公共汽车回家的时候是6点。 解析 passenger为可数名词，根据语境可知用复数形式。 解析 主语是A mother with her little son，由with连接两个主语，谓语的数和前面的名词一致。 解析 这个故事是昨天发生的，用一般过去时。 解析 母亲尽力想让儿子停止哭泣，不定式作目的状语。 解析 seat不能用于进行时态，通常用于be seated或seat oneself，此处需要省略be，用seated作后置定语；或者用sit的现在分词作后置定语。 解析 由上文中的her little son可知，孩子为男孩，故用he。 解析 此处用副词作状语修饰动词。 解析 句意：如果我能，我会给的，但是他想要的是你的帽子。上下句是转折关系。 解析 hear作及物动词意为“听见”，hear of听说。.书面表达(xx大庆铁人中学高三质检)假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Michael正在一家孔子学院学习汉语和中国文化，知道中国人很重视家风传承。他在给你的电子邮件中说想了解你家的家风以及家风对你的影响。请你给他回复一封电子邮件。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：家风family spirit【参考范文】Dear Michael，Im glad to know that you are learning Chinese language and culture.In your email you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirit. Well, there are many good qualities that have been passed from generation to generation in my family.My parents always lay emphasis on the importance of honesty, bravery, perseverance and diligence and they have set good examples for me and my brother.My family spirit has a profound influence on me. Im always friendly to others and ready to help others.I always cheer myself up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. Owing to those good qualities, I have made great achievements in my study and life.Yours，Li Hua