2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题10连词和状语从句精品教学案（含解析）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题10连词和状语从句精品教学案（含解析）【xx考纲解读】定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近几年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括：1考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。如：that，which和where，when的区分； that，which和why的区分等。 2考查whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语，后跟名词。指物时，whose名词名词 of which of which名词。如：The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 3考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。 4考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。如：I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.5考查“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如：The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.6考查一些特殊的先行词。如：当situation, point, case, activity，scene及period, festival, occasion等出现时，要注意具体情况具体分析；作主语、宾语和表语时，用关系代词that/which; 作状语时，用关系副词where/when或“介词which”，表示在某种特定的情形下。7考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。如：The news that he had passed the exam pleased him and his family.(同位语从句)The news (that) he told me this morning is not interesting. (定语从句)It was 1914 when the war broke out.(时间状语从句)It was in 1914 that the war broke out.(强调句)xx年高考对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是把它融入到一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。 【重点知识梳理】一、时间状语从句(一)when，while与as引导的时间状语从句1when，while与as引导时间状语从句的区别连词谓语动词用法点津when延续性动词非延续性动词从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生while延续性动词从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生as延续性动词强调主从句动作相伴发生，可译为“一边一边；随着”When they heard the news that Shenzhou had been sent up into space successfully，they jumped with joy.听到“神舟”九号成功发射的消息，他们高兴地跳了起来。While I was reading，he came in.我正在看书时，他进来了。The students sang as they walked.学生们边走边唱。2while还可以作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而，却”。Liu Wang is from Shanxi while Liu Yang es from Henan.刘旺来自山西，而刘洋来自河南。例1、(xx全国，32)Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _ another man, also intelligent, fails.AsinceBifCas Dwhile3when也可以作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”。We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们正在开会这时突然有人闯了进来。(二)before与since引导的时间状语从句1before与since的常用句式连词词义常用句式before在之前，还未就；才；趁，还没来得及It will (not) be一段时间before.(没有)过时间才It was not long before.不久就It was时间段before.过了(时间)才since自从以来It is/has been一段时间since.(从句用一般过去时)It was一段时间since.(从句用过去完成时)It will be two years before he leaves the country.再过两年他才会离开这个国家。It wasnt two years before he left the country.不到两年他就离开了这个国家。例2.(xx陕西，18)I have heard a lot of good things about you _ I came back from abroad.Asince BuntilCbefore Dwhen2since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的动作自从句谓语动作算起；若用延续性动词，所表示的动作自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。Its two years since we arrived here.我们到这儿两年了。Its three years since we lived here.我们不住在这里有三年了。(三)表示“一就”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句1引导时间状语从句，且表示“一就”含义的词或短语有：as soon as，the moment，the minute，immediately，directly，hardly/scarcely. when，no sooner. than.。2hardly/scarcely. when，no sooner. than.中主句应用过去完成时，从句应用一般过去时；当no sooner.和hardly/scarcely.位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。例3.(xx全国，11)I had hardly got to the office _ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.Awhen Bthan Cuntil Dafter (四)until与till引导的时间状语从句1until与till引导时间状语从句的区别连词位置用法点津until可以放在句首not.until可用于强调句型till不可放在句首一般不用于强调句型2.not until位于句首时，主句要部分倒装。(五)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语)1其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有after，whenever，every time，each time，next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time, the day/year等。Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮忙。2by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时；by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。By the time you e back, well have finished the job.到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成这项工作。They had planted ten trees by the time we arrived.我们到的时候，他们已经种了10棵树了。二、条件状语从句1引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词有if，unless，as/so long as，in case(万一)，once，on condition that，provided/providing (that)，supposing(that)等。Youll fail the exam unless you study hard.除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。As long as you dont lose heart，you will succeed.只要你不灰心，你就会成功。In case there is a fire，what will we do first?万一发生火灾，我们首先做什么？2在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。三、让步状语从句(一)although，though，as与while引导的让步状语从句1although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。Although the sun is shining, it isnt very warm.尽管艳阳高照，天气并不是很暖和。Happy as they were, there was something missing.尽管他们快乐，但总缺少点什么。2although与though都可以与yet，still连用，但不能和but连用。3though还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。Ive a bit of cold.It is nothing much，though.我有点感冒，不过不太严重。4while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。While I admit that there are problems，I dont agree that they cannot be solved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。(二)even if与even though引导的让步状语从句even if与even though表示“即使，纵然”，有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中。Ill do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon.我要做这件事，即使它将花去我整个下午的时间。Even if I were in your place, I wouldnt take the job.即使我处于你的位置，我也不会接受这份工作。(三)“no matter疑问词”与“疑问词ever”引导的让步状语从句1“no matter疑问词”相当于“疑问词ever”，二者都可以引导让步状语从句。Dont trust him, no matter what/whatever he says.无论他说什么，不要相信他。例4.(xx山东，28)_ I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.AWhatever BWheneverCWhoever DHowever2whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever还可以引导名词性从句。(四)whether.or.引导的让步状语从句Whether you believe it or not, it is true.不管你相信与否，那都是真的。四、地点状语从句1引导地点状语从句的从属连词where, wherever指具体地点时，从句可位于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时，从句需放在主句之前。如：Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。You are free to go wherever you like.你愿意去哪里就去哪里。2注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。如：Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句)Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions. (定语从句)你最好在有问题的地方做一下标记。五、原因状语从句1引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that，每个连词的含义不尽相同。区别项目位置内涵语气能否回答why能否被强调because(因为)主句前或后直接因果关系强能能as(由于)主句前或后对方都知道的原因弱不能不能since/nowThat(既然)主句前如：Shes studying because she has a test tomorrow.她正在学习，因为她明天有考试。As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.由于在下雨，我们不去公园了。Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都在，我们开始开会吧。2此外，when也可以表示原因，意为：since; considering that既然；考虑到。如：It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.既然步行5分钟能轻松到达那里，你却打车，你可真够愚蠢的。六、目的状语从句和结果状语从句1目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest等。如：Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.我会慢慢说，这样你就能理解我。Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.带上雨衣以防下雨。2结果状语从句(1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that, so.that., such.that.在非正式语体中，由so.that.，such.that.引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构形式：如：Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都相信他。It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.他挣的钱如此少，以至于养不起家。当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。如：So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all difficult problems.他是如此聪明的学生，以至于能成功地解出所有难题。(2)除结果状语从句外，too.to.(太而不能)，enough to.(达到某种程度可以)，so.as to.(那么以至于)等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。如：He didnt get up early enough to catch the bus.He got up too late to catch the bus.He got up so late as to miss the bus.他起床太晚，以至于没赶上那班公共汽车。七、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as, as if, as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。如：Do as you are told to, or youll be fired.告诉你怎么做就怎么做，否则你会被解雇。The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。I feel as if I have a fever.我感觉像是发烧了。【高频考点突破】考点一、考查连词的用法例1.(xx全国，3)I was glad to meet Jenny again, _ I didnt want to spend all day with her.Abut Band Cso Dor【变式探究】(xx辽宁，24)One can always manage to do more things, no matter _ full ones schedule is in life.Ahow BwhatCwhen Dwhere 考点二、考查并列连词例2(xx北京，22)Dont turn off the puter before closing all programs, _ you could have problems.A. or B. andC. but D. so考点三、考查状语从句例3(xx山东，26)Mark needs to learn Chinese_his pany is opening a branch in Beijing.Aunless BuntilCalthough Dsince【变式探究】(xx江苏，28)In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, _ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.Awhatever Bwhoever Cwherever Dwhichever考点四、考查状语从句的省略例4(xx浙江，19)There are some health problems that, when _ in time, can bee bigger.Anot treated Bnot being treated Cnot to be treated Dnot having been treated【经典考题精析】 【xx高考真题精选】（xx新课标I卷）34. It was a real race _ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it. A. over B. by C. for D. against 【答案】 D 【解析】题干中的it显然是形式主语，真正主语是不定式to get the project done。句意：完成这个项目真正是在和时间赛跑。幸运的是，我们赢了。此处a race against time是固定短语，意思是“和时间赛跑”，故D正确。【考点定位】本题考查介词的用法。（xx新课标I卷）32. Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery _ another man, also intelligent, fails. A. since B. if C. as D. while （xx新课标卷)11. A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics.A. against B. before C. beyond D. without（xx新课标卷)3. I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didnt want to spend all day with her.A. but B. and C.so D.or（xx浙江）16.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief_ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A.how B. that C. which D. whether【答案】B【解析】句意：取得成功的唯一办法就是要有信念：相信你在赛场上比其他任何人都棒。同位语从句，空后的句子对前面的名词belief起解释说明的作用，不缺任何成分，故选that。本题通过考查同位语从句考查了名词性从句连词的选用。此题在于判断到底是定语从句还是同位语从句，主要是看从句中是否缺少名词性成分，如果缺少，就是定语从句；如果不缺，就是同位语从句。这样一来就好判断了。【考点定位】考查连词。（xx浙江）14.It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner._, Ill set the table.A.As a result B. On the whole C. In the meanwhile D.As a matter of fact答案：C解析：（xx大纲卷）31 A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics.A. against B. Before C. Beyond D. Without答案：B解析：（xx大纲卷）23. I was glad to meet Jenny again, I didnt want to spend all day with her.A. But B. and C.so D.or答案;A解析：（xx北京卷)26. I have an appointment Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.A. toB. offC. withD. from【答案】C【解析】have an appointment with sb是固定词组，意为和某人有一个约会/约定。句意为，我和史密斯医生有个预约（约定),但是我需要改个时间。【考点定位】考察介词（xx福建卷)29.Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always _ whenever she tries to.A. in the way B. on watchC. in sightD. on the line（xx湖北卷)30. An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered _ a long lost antique Greek vase.A. at random B. by chance C. in turn D. on occasion（xx湖南卷)23. You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason _ you reach any decision. A. althoughB. beforeC. becauseD. unless（xx江苏卷)26. I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. _ the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.A. On account of B. In response to C. In view ofD. With regard to（xx江西卷)28.She says that shell have to close the shop _ business improves.A. ifB. unlessC. afterD. when（xx江西卷)24.What a terrible experience! _, youre safe now - thats the main thing.A. Anyway.B. Besides.C. Otherwise.D. Therefore.（xx山东卷)34. The Smiths are praised _ the way they bring up their children. A. from B. by C. at D. for （xx四川)4. Read this story, _ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. A. or B. and C. but D. so（xx天津卷)5. _ small, the pany has about 1000 buyers in over 30 countries.A. AsB. IfC. AlthoughD. Once【答案】C【解析】句意：“尽管公司很小，但是在30多个国家有1000多个买主。”A因为，尽管（从句要倒装）；B如果；C尽管；D一旦。因为前后之间存在转折，故选C。【考点定位】考查语境及连词用法。理解语境一般就能做出正确的选择。（xx辽宁卷)25. everyone here，I wish you a pleasant journey back to your journey.A.By means of B.On behalf of C.In search of D.For fear of （xx重庆卷)28. _struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.A. ThatB. ItC. WhatD. Which（xx重庆卷)23.Its not easy to change habits, _ with awareness and self-control, it is possible.A. forB. orC. butD. so（xx安徽卷)23. Its much easier to make friends you have similar interests.A. unless B. when C. even though D. so that（xx安徽卷)22. Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library a book about it.A. on B. at C. for D. to【答案】C【解析】on在上面, 通过某种媒介;at在一点;for为了;to到, 向. 句意:在你去一个有趣的地方游玩之前, 去你们当地的图书馆找一本关于它的书看看. 本句中需注意in your local library是插入语, 作地点状语, 故选C, look for寻找.【考点定位】介词辨析.（xx安徽卷)21From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. A. why B. how C. because D. whether（xx江苏卷） Ones life has value_ one brings value to the life of others.A. so that B. no matter how C. as long as D. except that（xx课标全国卷） You have to move out of the way _ the truck cannot get past you.Aso Bor Cand Dbut【答案】B考查并列连词。此处or意为“否则”。句意：你必须躲开，否则卡车过不去。（xx辽宁卷）Leave your key with your neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.Aas long as Beven thoughCin case Das if（xx四川卷） At school, some students are active _some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.Awhile Balthough Cso Das (xx浙江卷)Mike was usually so careful, _ this time he made a small mistake.Ayet Bstill Ceven Dthus (xx浙江卷) I think Tom, as the head of a big department, should either study regularly or _ his job.Aquits Bto quit Cquitting Dquit【2011高考真题精选】（2011全国卷I 22Try_ she might, Sue couldnt get the door open.A. if B. when C. sine D. as（2011全国卷I 25Someone wants you on the phone. _nobody knows I am here.A. AlthoughB. And C. But D. So（2011山东卷 23Find ways to praise your children often, _ youll find they will open their hearts to you.A. tillB. orC. andD. but（2011辽宁卷 31Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open. A. or B. and C. but D. for（xx新课标I卷）33. “You cant judge a book by its cover,” _ . A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying C. as the old saying goes D. goes as old the saying （xx北京卷)30. I took my driving license with me on holiday, I wanted to hire a car.A. in case B. even if C. ever sinceD. if only（xx福建卷)32.Anyone, once _ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. to be tested B. being tested C. testedD. to test（xx江苏卷)28. In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, _ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.A. whateverB. whoeverC. whereverD. whichever（xx山东卷)28. _I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start. A. WhateverB. WheneverC. Whoever D. However （xx山东卷)26. Mark needs to learn Chinese _ his pany is opening a branch in Beijing. A. unlessB. until C. althoughD. since （xx四川)7. He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son _ he wants to.A. even if B. as if C. because D. before（xx辽宁卷)24.One can always manage to do more things，no matter full ones schedule is in life.A.how B.what C.when D.where（xx重庆卷)25. _we have enough evidence, we cant win the case.A. OnceB. As long asC. UnlessD. Since【xx江苏卷】30.Ones life has valueone brings value to the life of others.A. so thatB. no matter how C. as long asD. except that【考点定位】连词【答案】C【解析】as long as意为“只要”；so that意为“以便；因此”；no matter how意为“不管怎样”；except that意为“除了”。句意为：只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。，根据题意，应选C项。【xx湖南】32. _ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A. HoweverB. WhateverC. WhicheverD. Whenever【xx湖南】28. _ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. A. WhileB. OnceC. IfD. Until【xx重庆卷】30.Coach, can I continue with the training? Sorry, you cant _you havent recovered from the knee injury.A. until B. before C. to consider D. unless【xx山东卷】32. A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. A. whenB. whereC. before D. until 【xx山东卷】27. He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. A. asB. if C. unlessD. though【xx福建卷】30. It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties_ gets more financial support from the European Union.A. ifB. unlessC. because D. since【xx江西卷】31You can borrow my car you promise not to drive too fast.Aunless Beven ifCin caseDas lone as【xx辽宁卷】30. Leave your key with your neighbor you lock yourself out one day. A. as long as B. even though C. in case D. as if 【xx四川卷】10. If you happen to get lost in the wild, youd better stay _ you are and wait for help.A. why B. where C. who D. what【答案】 B 【考点定位】本题考查地点状语从句。【解析】where引导的地点状语表明主句动作发生的地点，即：你最好呆在你现在所在的地方。故选B。【xx陕西卷】18. Hot _the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.A. althoughB. as C. while D. however【xx陕西卷】25. All the photographs in this book, _ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.A. unless B. until C. once D. if【xx北京卷】21.Look at those clouds!Dont worry. _ it rains, well still have a great time.A. Even if B.As though C. In case D. If only【xx全国II】11. I had hardly got to the office _ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.A. when B. than C. until D. after【xx全国新课程】25. I dont believe weve met before, I must say you do look familiar.A. therefore B. althoughC. since D. unless（2011北京卷 29_ volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball. A. SinceB. OnceC. UnlessD. While（2011上海卷 36If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait _ it es out on DVD.A. whetherB. afterC. thoughD. until（2011上海卷 37The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life.A. in caseB. as ifC. in order thatD. only if（2011山东卷 28He had his camera ready _ he saw something that would make a good picture. A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that【答案】C【考点定位】引导词。【解析】句意“他准备好了相机以防看到可以拍摄的景物。”in case 为“以防；以免”even if为“即使”if only 为“如果”,so that “为了，以便”。（2011重庆卷 30To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _ we are to shake hands with.A.whichever B.whenever C.whoever D.wherever（2011湖南卷 33Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _he had done something very clever. A .as if B. in case C. while D. though（2011福建卷 33It was April 29, xx _ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.A.that B.when C.since D.before（2011四川