2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 非谓语动词模拟和真题解析精品教案11.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 非谓语动词模拟和真题解析精品教案11【专题考点】1 考查动词的-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语时的区别2 以考查动词不定式、动词的-ing形式和过去分词作定语、状语、宾语补足语为重点3 考查独立主格结构4 试题特点将呈现“情景化”和“设问角度多样化”，充分利用非谓语动词间的互相干扰5 利用祈使句和以非谓语动词开头的句子结构上相似的特点增加试题难度【典例探究】 1 （xx全国卷IT27） Mrs. White showed her students some old maps_from the library.A. to borrow B. to be borrowedC. borrowed D. borrowing【解析】选C。句意：Mrs. White让她的学生看了一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。根据句意以及句子结构可知此处需要非谓语动词作定语修饰前面的some old maps。又some old maps与borrow是被动关系，故排除A、D。根据句意可知borrow这个动作已被完成，所以选C。过去分词表示被动、完成，而不定式的被动式表示将来的被动动作。【知识拓展】非谓语动词的三种形式作状语1.动词不定式与-ing形式作状语时，与句子的主语是逻辑上的主动关系，过去分词与句子的主语是逻辑上的被动关系。2. .动词不定式可表示目的、结果状语，有时表示结果状语时，强调意外的结果。3. -ing形式与过去分词除了不能表示目的外，可以表示原因、时间、条件、让步、伴随、结果等。-ing形式表示结果时，强调顺其自然的结果。例如：1）To achieve my goal, I must work hard.为了实现我的目标，我必须努力。（.动词不定式表示目的）2）We hurried home, only to find my parents were not at home.我们匆忙到家，结果却发现父母不在。（.动词不定式表示意外的结果）3）Seen from the window, the picture is not clear.从窗户那儿看，这幅画不清楚。（主语the picture 与see是逻辑上的被动关系）=Seeing from the window, she finds the picture is not clear. 从窗户那儿看，她发现这幅画不清楚。（主语she与see是逻辑上的主动关系）4) The price of buildings has been going up, making many people worried.房价不断上涨，使的很多人担心。（-ing形式表示顺其自然的结果）2、（xx江苏卷T28）The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _ the students to return to their classrooms. A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled【解析】选A。句意：那个退休的人把他大部分的积蓄捐献给了玉树地震中受损的学校，使得学生们能够重返教室。本题考查动词的-ing形式作结果状语（自然而然的结果）； B和D项均为完成式，表示enable这个动作先发生，这与语境矛盾，故排除；C项是不定式作结果状语，多用于表示出乎意料的结果。所以选择A项。【知识拓展】-ing形式与不定式作结果状语的区别ing形式作结果状语表示一定逻辑的结果，即意料之中的结果，其作用相当于一个非限制性的定语从句；而不定式作结果状语通常表示非逻辑的结果，即出乎意料的结果，不定式多与only连用。A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all four people on board. =, which killed all four people on board. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, reaching a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. =, which reached a record The news reporters hurried to the airport, only to be told the film stars had left.A lot of new machines were applied in the factory, thus resulting in a production increase. =, which thus resulted in a production increase. He hurriedly had his breakfast and took a taxi to the station, only to find the train had left half an hour before. 3、（xx山东卷T29）The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked.A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为：客厅干净、整洁，一张餐桌已经摆好，分析句子结构可知，此句为with宾语复合结构，其中lay与a dining table准备要吃一顿饭。为逻辑上的动宾关系，故要用过去分词。【知识拓展】 非谓语动词用法的考查角度：（1）非谓语动词在句中作状语They landed the plane, using the puters less powerful than the ones used in the average schools today.Having been cut off from the outside world for a week, they have lost the last hope of surviving. (2) 非谓语动词在句中作定语The puter center, opened in xx, is intended to help the researchers to search for the relevant information on the internet. (3) 非谓语动词在句中作宾语补足语Id like to have my package weighed. They are sitting in front of the TV set, watching the player peting against their rivals. (4) 非谓语动词在with宾语复合结构中的考查With so many people ing to their help, the villagers found it much easier to overe the difficulties they had after the flood. (5) 非谓语动词在独立主格中的考查We finally came to a very beautiful house, its owner seated in the armchair, reading leisurely in the yard.4、（xx江西卷T 32）. There were many talented actors out there just waiting .A. to discoverB. to be discoveredC. discovered D. being discovered【解析】选B。句意： 外面有很多有才华的演员等着被发现。wait后加不定式作宾语， 排除C、 D 两项； 且discover 与actors之间是动宾关系， 故用不定式的被动语态。5、（xx安徽卷T30） He had a wonderful childhood, _with his mother to all corners of the world A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling 来源:【解析】选D。句意：他有一个美好的童年，他和妈妈一起游遍了世界各地。had 是句子的谓语，所以逗号后面不能用travel这种谓语动词形式，应用非谓语动词形式作伴随状语，travel和逻辑主语he是主动关系，所以要用现在分词作伴随状语。【跟踪演练】1、（2011辽宁抚顺六校联合体高三一模）_that you are chosen to be a volunteer at the London Olympic Games, what will you do?A. AssumedB. AssumingC. To assumeD. To be assumed2、（2011江西南昌一中、南昌十中联考）The children all turned the famous actress as she entered the classroomAlooked at Bto look at Cto looking at Dlook at3、（2011 山东潍坊高三11月质检）The murderer ran away from his village, trying to avoid _ by the police, but in vainAto be caught Bbeing caught Cto be catching Dto catch4 （xx浙江省菱湖中学二模）11Great efforts grain production must be made if food shortages are to be avoided.来源:Ato have increasedBincreasedCto increaseDto be increased来源:5（xx山西省大同五中二模）35.I walked out of the cinema, Id never e back to this hell of a place,A determining B decided C to determine D to decide6（xx上海市崇明县二模）31. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _ the desert. A. to coverB. covered C. cover D. covering 7. A few yards down Colson street, she caught sight of a figure _in the opposite direction. A. to hurry B. to be hurryingC. hurrying D. having hurried8 The residents approve of the measures _so far in our city,_ to bring a sharp rise in oil prices. A. having been taken; intendedB. to be taken; intendingC. taken; to intendD. taken; intended9. Teamwork is very important in modern society._ an effective team member, you need to develop a teamwork attitude.A. Bee B. BeingC. Having bee D. To bee10. There will be more than 750 projects_, creating nearly 40, 000 jobs starting this summer, including 15, 000 in a Youth Conservation Corps. A. started B. to be startedC. starting D. to start11. The girl came _to the cinema only _the tickets had been sold out. A. to run; telling B. running; to be toldC. and ran; being told D. running; to tell12. These surveys indicate that many crimes go _by the police, mainly because not all victims report them. A. unrecordedB. to be unrecordedC. to have been unrecordedD. unrecording13. Brandon worked for hours after school _money for her education. A. making B. madeC. to make D. having made14. _true events, the film follows the life of Braddock, a boxer in New York. A. Being based on B. Basing onC. Based on D. Having based on15. I walked out of the cinema,_ Id never e back to this hell of a place. A. determining B. decidedC. to determine D. to decide16. The moving picture of a little boy of 5, _from the big earthquake, has been made_ to all Chinese people for the boys saluting to the soldiers. A. saved; to know B. to save; knowingC. have been saved; knowD. saved; known17. The time and effort he has devoted during the past few years _trees in that remote area is now considered to be of great value. A. to planting B. to plantC. Plant D. planting18. The teacher called Tom to his office because he was caught _in the exam. A. to cheat B. cheatingC. cheated D. cheat19. It is reported that some wild animals were found _in a big cave in the mountain. A. to hide dead B. hidden deadC. hiding dead D. hidden death20. Most students in our class prefer taking pains in our studies to _with a better education. A. equip B. equippingC. be equipped D. being equipped来源:21. When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, _in conversation. A. absorbing B. absorbedC. to absorb D. to be absorbed22. After her success as a child actor, Taylor had no trouble _into adult roles and won twice for Best Actress. A. to move B. move C. moved D. moving23. Henry,_ the experiment as I showed you just now, or you will not pass. A. do B. does C. doing D. done24. If the building project _by the end of this month is delayed, the construction pany_. A. to be pleted; will be finedB. is pleted; is fined来源:Z#xx#kC. being pleted; will be finedD. pleted; is being fined25. _all the required papers, he didnt answer the questions fluently in class. A. Having not read B. Not having readC. Not read D. Not to read26. The little girl showed no anxiety before the petition. She seemed _it pretty well.A. to prepare B. preparingC. having prepared D. to have prepared27. In his victory speech, _before a huge crowd of his supporters, Obama declared that“Change has e to America. ”A. having delivered B. to be deliveredC. delivering D. delivered28. Does Shelly like shopping? Well, she would rather spend time_ at home than _ in the street. A. read; wander B. reading; wanderC. in reading; to wander D. reading; to wander29. _to attend the course he is not interested in, Brown always prefers _at home to do what he likes. A. To go; to stay B. To going; to stayC. To going; staying D. To go; staying30（xx 福建省八闽高中二模）34. The schedule, originally _ out last week, had to be cancelled because of the unexpected snow storm. A. carried B. to be carried C. being carried D. was carried31. _to a university in the UK, international students must display a strong ability in spoken and written English. A. Having been admitted B. To be admittedC. Being admitted D. Admitted【解析】选B。不定式作目的状语。32. The puter programs are a puzzle to me. The more I think of them, the more questions I think of_. A. ask B. askedC. being asked D. to ask33. Beijing National Stadium, the showpiece of the Beijing Olympics, has fallen into disuse since the end of the games,_ it difficult to make a profit. A. make B. to make C. making D. made34. With all the magazines I needed_, I left the post office. A. buying B. to buyC. bought D. to be bought35. _from lightweight materials, the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller. A. To build B. Being builtC. Having built D. Built答案1B 2B 3B 4 C 5A 6 D 7.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。hurrying为动名词, 作介词of的宾语, a figure作动名词hurrying的逻辑主语。8 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。take measures是固定短语。本题中take与measures是动宾关系; be intended to (do) 意思是“打算（做/用做）”, 在本题中用来修饰measures。9.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语, 即“要想成为一名高效的队员, 就需要培养团队协作意识”。10.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。由There will be. . . 可知工程还未启动, 故排除A、C; 又由projects与start之间为被动关系, 故选B。11.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。第一个空为came的伴随状语, 第二个空为不定式作结果状语, 表意外, 且与主语the girl之间存在动宾关系, 故应用不定式的被动式。12.【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。go在此处用作系动词, 所填词作表语, 根据空后的介词by可知所填词与the police之间是被动关系, 因此选A。13.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。动词不定式表示目的。14.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。空格处“Based on”与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 应用过去分词表被动。15.【解析】选A。句意; 我走出了剧院, 决心再也不来这个鬼地方。如选B项, 前面需要加and; 本题考查现在分词作状语, determining在本句中表伴随。16.【解析】选D。句意; 全国人民都知道那个从大地震中被救出的5岁男孩向战士们敬礼的感人镜头。第一空为过去分词作定语, 相当于定语从句who was saved; 第二空考查非谓语动词作补语, the moving picture与know之间为逻辑上的被动关系, 所以只有D项符合题意。17.【解析】选A。句意为; 人们认为他在过去的几年里在那个边远地区植树方面所花的时间和付出的努力是非常有价值的。本题题干中he has devoted during the past few years为定语从句, 先行词是The time and effort, 将先行词代入定语从句后为; he has devoted the time and effort to planting trees during the past few years. 因此可知答案为A项。18.【解析】选B。句意为; 因为汤姆被发现在考试中作弊, 所以老师把他叫到办公室。catch sb. doing sth. 为固定用法, 意为; 抓住某人在做某事。19.【解析】选B。句意为; 据说一些死了的野生动物被发现藏在山上的一个大岩洞里。find+sb. /sth. +done, 其被动形式为sb. /sth. be found+done, 句中were found hidden意为“被发现藏在”, dead adj. 表示“主语所处的状态”。20.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。take pains to do sth. 尽力做某事。equip和most students构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 故用不定式的被动结构作目的状语。21.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。be absorbed in专心致志于, 全神贯注于。22.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。have no trouble(in) doing sth. 做某事没有麻烦, 故选D。23.【解析】选A。句意为; 亨利, 照我刚才演示的那样做实验, 否则你通不过。考查祈使句开头与非谓语动词之间易混之处。祈使句+or为固定结构, 做题时需认真辨别。24.【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意为; 如果推迟定于本月底完工的建筑工程的话, 建筑公司就会被罚款。由by the end of this month可知应用不定式表将来, 而the building project和plete又构成被动关系, 故用不定式的被动结构。25.【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。read all the required papers发生在谓语动作之前, 故用分词的完成式, 而分词的否定形式是在分词前面加not。26.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意为; 比赛前, 小女孩没有显示出丝毫焦虑。她好像已经准备得相当好了。seem后跟不定式, 而且不定式动作已经发生, 故用不定式的完成式。27.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。deliver与speech在逻辑上是动宾关系, 而且由句意可知此动作已经发生, 故用过去分词, 相当于which was delivered before a huge crowd of his supporters。28.【解析】选B。句意为; Shelly喜欢购物吗? 与在大街上闲逛相比, 她更愿意在家里读书。根据would rather do than do句型, 可知第二空应该用wander, 故排除C、D两项; 另外, 根据spend+一段时间+(in)+动名词, 可知第一空需用reading, 故答案为B项。来源:29.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做某事胜过做某事。此句将句型的后半部分提前至句首。30 B来源:31.【解析】选B。不定式作目的状语。32.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。将本句还原即为; I think of more questions_. 因此应填不定式作后置定语。33.【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。现在分词短语作结果状语表顺理成章的结果。34.【解析】选C。考查with的复合结构。I needed为省略that的定语从句, all the magazines与buy之间是被动关系, 而且由句意可知, buy动作已经完成, 故用过去分词。35.【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。build和the robots是逻辑上的动宾关系, 而且build动作已经发生, 故用过去分词作原因状语。【真题在线】1.（xx全国卷IT34） With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank_presents for my dadA. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought2. (xx全国卷IIT11)Though _ to see us，the professor gave us a warm wele.A.surprise B. was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised3. (xx北京卷T21). at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked4. (xx北京卷T25) Im calling to enquire about the position in yesterdays China Daily.A. advertised B. to be advertisedC. advertising D. having advertised5.（xx福建卷T 25）Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.A. sending B. to sendC. having sent D. to have sent6.（xx福建卷T 34） In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck7（xx湖南卷T21）Listen! Do you hear someone for help?A. callingB. callC. to callD. called8.（xx湖南卷T26）Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A. strugglingB. struggledC. having struggledD. to struggle9.（xx湖南卷T30）So far nobody has claimed the money in the library.A. discoveredB. to be discoveredC. discoveringD. having discovered10.（xx 江西卷T 24） The lady walked around the shops, an eye out for bargains.A. keepB. keptC. keepingD. to keep11.（xx辽宁卷T25）We were astonished _ the temple still in its original condition.Afinding Bto find Cfind Dto be found12.（xx辽宁卷T35）.Alexander tried to get his work _in the medical circles.A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized13.（xx山东卷T23）I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term.来源:Z_xx_kA. pleting B. to pleteC. pleted D. being pleted14.（xx陕西卷T 16）_ from the top of the tower , the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees . A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see15.（xx陕西卷T 19） His first book next month is based on a true story. A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published16.（xx上海卷T 32）I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. A. find B. found C. to find D. finding17. (xx上海卷T 33). Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues with her stories.A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused18. (xx上海卷T 35). the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height. A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached19. (xx上海卷T40). That is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce20.（xx四川卷T4）A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano. A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning21.（xx四川卷T11）In many peoples opinion, that pany, though relatively small, is pleasant .A. to deal with B. dealing with C. to be dealt with D. dealt with22.（xx四川卷T17）The lawyer listened with full attention, to miss any point.A. not trying B. trying not C. to try not D. not to try23.（xx天津卷T12）It rained heavily in the south， serious flooding in several provinces.A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 24.（xx浙江卷T20）The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing25.（xx重庆卷T30）The news shocked the public, _ to great concern about studentssafey at school.A. having led B. led C. leading D. to lead26（xx重庆卷T 34）Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one first is the library.A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D. to be repaired27.（xx全国卷T 30）The children all turned _the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A. looked at B. to look atC. to looking at D. look at28.（xx全国卷T35）Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _?A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take29.（xx全国卷T 16）They use puters to keep the traffic _smoothly. A. being run B. run C. to run D. running30. （xx北京T 24）For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit_ on his own farm. A. grown B. being grownC. to be grown D. to grow31. （xx北京T 28）All of them try to use the power of the workstation _information in a more effective way. A. presenting B. presentedC. being presented D. to present32. （xx北京T 34）_twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. A. Being bitten B. BittenC. Having bitten D. To be bitten33. （xx山东T 22） We are invited to a party _in our club next Friday. A. to be held B. heldC. being held D. holding34.（xx湖南T 21）Every evening after dinner, if not_ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired35.（xx湖南T 25）At the age of 29, Dave was a worker,_ in a small apartment near Boston and _what to do about his future. A. living; wonderin