2019-2020年高考英语一轮总复习 精品单元阶段测试卷（57） 新人教版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮总复习 精品单元阶段测试卷（57） 新人教版.听力理解(共两节，满分30分)(略).多项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)21_ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A. When pared B. While paringC. pare D. paring22The girl didnt know who _ for the broken vase.A. will be blamed B. blamedC. was to blame D. blames23These natural parks are very important for preserving many animals, which would _ run the risk of being extinct(灭绝的)A. otherwise B. other thanC. therefore D. in another way24Bad habits, _ formed, are difficult to give up.A. and B. onceC. for D. but25Did Mike go with you in the end?No, but I _ him to.A. agreed B. hopedC. suggested D. advised26Because they usually receive the same score in the exams, theres often disagreement as to _ is the better student, John or Mary.A. who B. whichC. whose D. what27Since they pay only for the materials and not for the labor, doityourself homeowners are happy to see how much money they _ save!A. would rather B. canC. have to D. shall28Tommy was about to _ the problem when suddenly an idea to solve it went through his mind.A. arrive at B. work outC. work on D. give up29Not far from the club there was a garden, _ owner was seated in an armchair there playing chess with some friends.A. whose B. hisC. its D. which30Is this the reason _ she explained in the report for her success in the job?A. what B. thatC. how D. why答案21A。when pared相当于when it is pared。22C。Who was to blame for.？“谁该为负责？”。be to blame用主动表被动。23A。otherwise“否则，要不然的话”，与虚拟语气连用。24B。once formedonce bad habits are formed25D。四个选项中，只有advise既用作及物动词又能接不定式作宾补。26B。本题考查宾语从句引导词的使用。本题引导词指人，因为是有范围的选择(John or Mary)，因此用which不用who。27B。本题考查情态动词的基本用法。从上下文判断用can表示能力，能够/可以省钱。28D。本题考查动词短语的用法。从语境看选D，正打算放弃这个问题时突然萌生了一个念头。29A。本题用whose引导定语从句。30B。考查定语从句。因此处关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作宾语，故此处只能用that, which或省略。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)(金丽衢十二校联考)We all like to think that we are perfect to a fault. And whose fault is that? Not mine.Recently, my husband and I got up at the _31_ of 4 am. to catch an early _32_ to New York. We were extremely _33_， perhaps because we were sleepwalking. And we were all ready when the taxi came to _34_ us 45 minutes later.It was a quiet _35_ to the airport. We didnt even chat, because he was enjoying his new iPod. At the airport, the taxi _36_ to let us get off, at which point the iPod guy _37_ me and said, “We dont have our _38_.”“You are _39_， right？” I replied, for he _40_ lied like that.“No. I mean it. Did you bring it down? I didnt.”“What do you mean; you didnt？” I shouted. “All our things are there.”“How _41_！” I was thinking, “Youre always _42_ to do things like bringing down luggage. This is your fault, _43_ now, we may _44_ our flight.” I didnt say that out loud, _45_. He already knew how I felt.The experience showed I had a hard time accepting _46_. But what do you think of me? Psychologists think that the best way to assess ourselves is _47_ the eyes of others. We often dont recognize that weve done wrong.Oh, and that missing suitcase? We went home _48_ in the taxi, picked it up, returned to the airport and made it through with minutes to _49_.Later, while walking along Broadway, I noted how _50_ I was. I hadnt said a thing about his forgetting our suitcase at home.31A. point B. hourC. strike D. period32A. bus B. trainC. flight D. taxi33A. still B. excitedC. calm D. disappoint34A. collect B. pickC. fetch D. draw35A. drive B. experienceC. travel D. ride36A. pulled in B. pushed inC. hurried in D. dragged in37A. turned to B. turned upC. turned against D. turned away38A. briefcase B. suitcaseC. clothes bag D. food bag39A. running B. laughingC. joking D. cheating40A. rarely B. alwaysC. hardly D. never41A. clever B. stupidC. sad D. great42A. expected B. askedC. requested D. supposed43A. and B. ifC. while D. but44A. catch B. quitC. change D. miss45A. either B. as wellC. though D. besides46A. punishment B. adviceC. responsibility D. belief47A. in B. throughC. over D. on48A. slowly B. carelesslyC. sadly D. hurriedly49A. spare B. useC. leave D. share50A. stupid B. sorryC. wise D. funny答案本文通过讲述作者在打的去机场的时候因为自己的疏忽忘记带手提箱而将责任归咎于丈夫这一故事来说明人总是认为自己没有错，犯错的总是别人。31B。从句意可以看出他们早上四点钟起床去赶飞机，故此处应用hour。32C。从下文的airport可知作者是去赶飞机，故用flight。33C。从下文的“perhaps because we were sleepwalking”可知答案。此处指“心情平静”。34A。collect意为“接走”。pick sb. up“(开车)接人”。35D。ride指“(乘车或骑车的)短途旅程”；travel指“旅行，旅游”。36A。pull in“(车)进站”。37A。turn to“转向，变成，求助于”。这里是说“the iPod guy朝我转过身来”，故turn to符合题意。turn up“发现，出现”；turn against“(使)变成和敌对”；turn away“不准入内，拒绝，转过脸”。38B。从下文的对话可知他们把手提箱忘在了家里。39C。上文提到手提箱忘在了家里，作者听后很惊讶，用“you are joking”来表达作者的惊讶。40B。上句作者提到“你是在开玩笑，对吗？”，这里作者解释这样猜测的原因，因为他经常开这样的玩笑。故用always。41B。作者此时在埋怨丈夫，用stupid更能表达作者当时的心情。42D。be supposed to do“应该做某事”。句意为“你就应该经常做像将行李拿下来这样的活”。43A。and此处是个并列连词。句意为“这是你的错，并且现在我们可能要赶不上飞机了”。44D。miss“错过”。其他选项均不合语境。45C。though“虽然，可是”。句意为“可是我没有大声说出来”。46C。由上文可知作者没有勇气去承担忘记带手提箱的责任，故此处用“responsibility”符合题意。47B。句意为“心理学家认为评估自己最好的办法是通过别人的眼睛”。through介词，“通过”。48D。hurriedly意为“仓促地，慌忙地”。其他选项不符合语境。49A。spare意为“有节余，超过所需要”。50C。文中最后一句提到“作者没有提起忘记带手提箱这件事”，作者感到自己的做法很明智，故用wise。.阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)(龙岩毕业班质量检查)If you travel to a new exhibit at the San Francisco Conservatory of Flowers, you will have chances to see some meateating plants. Take bladderworts(狸藻类植物), a kind of such plant, for example. They appear so small and grow in a quiet pond. “But these are the fastestknown killers of the plant kingdom, and able to capture a small insect in 1/50 of a second using a trap door！”Once the trap door closes on the victim, the enzymes(酶) similar to those in the human stomach slowly digest the insect. When dinner is over, the plant opens the trap door and is ready to trap again.Meateating plants grow mostly in wet areas with soil that doesnt offer much food value. In such conditions, these amazing plants have developed insect traps to get their nutritional needs over thousands of years. North America has more such plants than any other continents.Generally speaking, the traps may have attractive appearance to fool the eye, like pitcher plants, which get their name because they look like beautiful pitchers(a container like a bottle) full of nectar(花蜜)The Asian pitcher plant, for example, has bright colors and an attractive halfclosed lid. Curious insects are tempted to e close and take a sip, and then slide down the slippery(光滑的) slope to their deaths.Hairlike growths along the pitcher walls ensure that nothing can escape, and the digestive enzymes can get to work. A tiny insect can be digested in a few hours, but a fly takes a couple of days.Some of these pitchers are large enough to hold two gallons. Meateating plants only eat people in science fiction movies, but sometimes a bird or other small animals will discover that a pitcher plant isnt a good place to get a drink.51From the first paragraph, we learn that bladderworts can _.A. kill an insect in a secondB. capture an insect in 1/50 of a secondC. be found floating on a quiet lakeD. digest a fly in a few hours52If the trap door of a meateating plant is closed, the plant is _.A. fooling insects into taking a sipB. producing nectarC. tempting insects to e closeD. enjoying a dinner53Meateating plants can grow in wet and poor soil because they _.A. can get nutrition from animalsB. dont need much food valueC. can make the most of such conditionsD. have developed digestive enzymes54What can be captured by meateating plants for food?A. A child. B. A dog.C. A little bird. D. A little fish.答案本文是一篇科普文章，介绍了以动物(主要是昆虫类)为食的食虫草。51B。由第一段最后一句话可知B项是正确的。52D。根据第二段第一句“Once the trap door closes on the victim, the enzymes.slowly digest the insect.”可知它在消化昆虫，即在享用食物。因此D项符合题意。53A。根据第三段第二句话可知，这种植物能够生长在这些地方是因为它们以昆虫为食。所以A项正确。54C。根据文章最后一句话可知，这种植物可能会捕食小鸟。B(xx全国卷)It is often necessary to release a fish, that is, set it free after catching, because it is too small, or you just dont want to take it home to eat. In some cases, releasing fish is a good measure that will help keep fish variety and build their population size. The Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (DGIF) encourages fishermen who practice catchandrelease fishing to use a few simple skills when doing so. The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive (存活) to bite again another day.When catching a fish, play it quickly and keep the fish in the water as much as possible.Dont use a net in landing the fish and release it quickly to prevent it from dying.Hold the fish gently. Do not put your fingers in its eyes. Dont wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.Remove your hook (鱼钩) quickly. If the hook is too deep or hooked in the stomach, cut the line and leave the hook in. The hook left inside will cause no serious problem to the fish.Take good care of the fish by moving it gently in water. Release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim.Do not hold fish in a bucket or some other containers and later decide to release it. If you are going to release a fish, do so right away.With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.55People sometimes set a fish free after catching it because they _.A. dont want it to dieB. hope it will grow quicklyC. dont want to have it as foodD. want to practice their fishing skills56Which of the following will probably make a fish ill?A. Taking the hook off it.B. Removing its scales.C. Touching its eyes.D. Holding it in your hand.57A proper way to release a fish is to _.A. move it in water till it can swimB. take the hook out of its stomachC. keep it in a bucket for some timeD. let it struggle a little in your hand58What is the purpose of the text?A. To show how to enjoy fishing.B. To persuade people to fish less often.C. To encourage people to set fish free.D. To give advice on how to release fish.答案本文主要讲述如何提高钓到的小鱼放养成活率。55C。细节理解题。从文章第一段的首句“It is often necessary to release a fish, that is, set it free after catching, because it is too small, or you just dont want to take it home to eat.”可知钓到的鱼太小，不想带回家煮着吃。56B。细节理解题。从文中第二条建议“Dont wipe the scales (鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival.”可知刮掉鱼鳞会让鱼生病，减少成活的机会。57A。细节判断题。从第四条建议“Release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim.”可知答案，其余三种情况都是错误的做法。58D。推测作者的写作意图题。从文章第一段最后一句“The advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive (存活) to bite again another day.”(中心句)及文章最后一段的总结句“With a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.”可知写这篇文章的目的是就如何放养钓到的小鱼，使他们的成活率更高提出了一些建议。C(天津)Next time a customer es to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when youre doing your holiday shopping online, make sure youre holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation(感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisionsthose are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.Psychologists have known that one persons perception(感知) of anothers “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlows work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study have been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is mon to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the studys hypotheses(假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly，” says Bargh.59According to Paragraph 1, a persons emotion may be affected by _.A. the visitors to his officeB. the psychology lessons he hasC. his physical feeling of coldnessD. the things he has bought online60The author mentions Harlows experiment to show that _.A. adults should develop social skillsB. babies need warm physical contactC. caregivers should be healthy adultsD. monkeys have social relationships61In Barghs experiment, the students were asked to _.A. evaluate someones personalityB. write down their hypothesesC. fill out a personal information formD. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively62We can infer from the passage that _.A. abstract thinking does not e from physical experiencesB. feeling of warmth and coldness are studied worldwideC. physical temperature affects how we see othersD. capable persons are often cold to others63What would be the best title of the passage?A. Drinking for Better Social RelationshipsB. Experiments of Personality EvaluationC. Developing Better Drinking HabitsD. Physical Sensations and Emotions答案最近的心理学研究发现，人们对“温暖”或者“寒冷”的感受可以改变人们的情感。59C。细节理解题。由文章第一段的第三句话可知，温暖的感觉激发温暖的情感，而冷饮在手则会阻止你做出不明智的决定，因此可以说一个人的情感可能会受到冷的感觉的影响。60B。细节理解题。在试验中，猴子喜欢去靠近布制的“妈妈”而不喜欢“金属线”做的“妈妈”。这使心理学家们强调养育者应该让孩子们多接触一些令人感觉温暖的东西，以帮助孩子们成长为有正常社交技能的健康的成年人，故B项正确。61A。细节理解题。由文中倒数第二段第四句中的“After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of Person A based on a particular description.”可知选A。在试验中，学生被要求评价某人的性格。62C。推理判断题。全文都在论述人们对“温暖”或“寒冷”的感觉可以影响人们对事物的评价。因此，物理温度会影响我们看待他人的方式。因此选C。63D。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍的是人们对物理温度的感觉对人们情绪的影响，D项概括性比较强。D(南京高三调研)Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault(断层), which constantly threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes. But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?Between December of 1811 and February of 1812, three major earthquakes occurred, and all centered around the town of New Madrid, Missouri, on the Mississippi River. Property damage was severe. Buildings in the area were almost destroyed. Whole forests fell at once, and huge cracks opened in the ground, releasing some strong smell of chemicals.The Mississippi River itself pletely changed character, developing sudden rapids and whirlpools(急流和漩涡). Several times it changed its course, and once, according to some observers, it actually appeared to run backwards. Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes, probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811; but the severity of the earthquakes were shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston, South Carolina, on the coast. Buildings shook in New York City, and clocks were stopped in Washington, DC.Scientists now know that Americas two major faults are essentially different. The San Andreas is a horizontal(水平的) boundary between two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite directions. California earthquakes result when the two masses make a sudden move.The New Madrid fault, on the other hand, is a vertical fault; at some point, possibly hundreds of millions of years ago, rock was pushed up toward the surface, probably by volcanoes under the surface. Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settle downwards, and sudden sinking motion causes earthquakes in the region. The fault itself, a large crack in this layer of rock, with dozens of other cracks that split off from it, extends from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southern Illinois.Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been numerous smaller quakes in the area since 1811; these smaller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably ing, but the scientists say they have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.64This passage is mainly about _.A. the New Madrid faultB. the San AndreasC. the causes of faultsD. current scientific knowledge about faults65Which of the following pictures best describes the type of the New Madrid fault?66This passage implies that _.A. horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faultsB. vertical faults are more dangerousC. a lot of people would die if the 1811 New Madrid earthquakes happened todayD. the volcanoes that caused the New Madrid fault are still alive.答案本文讲述了密苏里州的一个很大的断层the New Madrid fault的起因及其危害性。64A。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了the New Madrid fault这个断层的起因和危害性。因此正确答案是A。65B。由第五段内容可知，the New Madrid fault是个垂直的断层，它可能是很多年前火山将岩石从地底下挤向地面而形成的一个断层。由此可以判断B项所示的图正确。66C。由第三段第三句话“Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes, probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811.”可知答案。E(xx皖南八校二联)Houses fall down. Trees fall over. Large holes form in the ground. Could Alaska be sinking? Thats what some villagers in Alaska have been asking themselves recently and scientists think they know why. Warmer temperatures may be causing Alaskas frozen ground to thaw(解冻)About 85 percent of Alaskas land surface has permafrost(永久冻结带). Permafrost supports the ground above itincluding trees, houses, and roads. But why is the permafrost thawing?Some scientists say that humancaused pollution is leading to global warming. And most scientists agree that Alaska has been getting warmer. They say that the warmer temperature is causing permafrost to thaw in some areas. The thawing permafrost can cause problems for people, plants, and animals.The collapsing(倒塌)is a problem in the villages in Alaska which are built on permafrost, and some of them may have to move to safer ground, where there is no permafrost.The Alaskan town of Glennallen saw its old post office collapse. And, according to James Walters, a permafrost expert at the University of Northern Iowa, housemoving panies have been very busy.“Melting permafrost can also destroy trees and forests，” Walters said. “When holes in the ground form, trees fall into them and die. This could turn a forest into a swamp(沼泽), and animals which need the forests will have to move elsewhere.”The melting could cause severe problems. Walters said