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Living with technology Grammar and Usage,Transitive verbs and intransitive verbs (及物动词和不及物动词),1.Open the door. 2.Stand here. 3. Raise your hand if you have any question. 4. The sun rises in the east. 5. She boiled the water for tea. 6. Class begins at 8 oclock. 7. The farmer grows rice. 8. The crops are growing well.,vt,vt,vt,vt,vi,vi,vi,vi,Lead-in,英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成不及物动词(vi)与和及物动词(vt)。 及物动词(vt.) ： 及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象（即宾语），并且可直接跟宾语。大多数及物动词都可用于被动语态中。 1. “主谓宾”结构。如： He bought some books the day before yesterday. 2. “主谓双宾”结构。如: Please hand me the book over there. 3. “主谓宾宾补”结构。如: They asked me to go fishing with them.,类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell.,不及物动词（vi. ）：不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）。若要跟宾语，必须先在其后加上某个介词。 如：look (看) 即不能直接加宾语 Look carefully! Look at me carefully! 不及物动词后面不跟宾语，只能用 “主谓”结构。 I have lived here for 15 years.,类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed.,有些动词既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。 如begin 都是作“开始”讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. 类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve.,既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。 e.g. lift: 作不及物动词时是指烟雾的“消散”。we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是“升高；举起“。 He lifted his glass and drank.,类似的还有： beat vi. 跳动 vt. 敲、打; grow vi. 生长 vt. 种植 play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅 ring vi.（电话、铃）响 vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言） hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作,需要注意的一点是：少数不及物动词唯一可跟的宾语是同源宾语。 如：I dreamed a dream last night. They are living a happy life.,I was at the dentists last Sunday to have my teeth checked ( ). I had bought ( ) myself a magazine since I had ample time to wait. I was sitting ( ) in the waiting room when a young man entered. He had also come to see ( ) the dentist. We had a casual conversation in the waiting room. We talked ( ) about many things, basketball, music, medical insurance, etc. Then our topic turned,vt,vt,vi,vt,vi,Part A,to our teeth. He told me he had a hole in one of his teeth and wanted to have it filled. It hurts ( ) a lot, he told me, whenever I eat something hot or cold. It was obvious that he was suffering ( ) great pain when he talked. I thought ( ) it better to comfort him in some way, so I told him not to worry, because I had exactly the same experience. After the hole in my tooth was filled, I felt quite all right. Hearing this, he smiled ( ) happily.,vi,vt,vt,vi,Part B,1. answer/answer for a Hearing the bell, Jane got up from her chair and went to _ the door. b If you continue to behave like this, youll have to _ your 2 benefit/benefit from a The project has _ the country in many aspects. b It is expected that both countries will _ _ this agreement.,answer,answer for,benefited,benefit,from,3. decide/decide against a Have you _ what to do after graduation? b To our surprise, they _ the plan without any explanation. 4 pay/pay for a He thanked the repairman and _ him twenty dollars. b To _ the ticket for the concert, my sister decided to take a part-time job.,decided,decided against,paid,pay for,5 adjust/adjust to a Im afraid we have to _ the development of computer technology. b The monitor needs to be _ so that everyone can read what is on the screen.,adjust to,adjusted,Homework Finish C1 and C2 on page 100.,
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