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提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60字左右的内容概要。阅卷时主要考虑以下内容： (1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况 (2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性 (3)上下文的连贯性 (4)对各要点表达的独立性情况,概要写作,While reading While writing ,Tips on summary writing,While reading 1. Is the passage a narration, exposition, argumentation or a description? 2. Is there any topic sentence or key words? If so, underline them. 3. Go through the supporting details or evidence to check whether the topic sentence or key words you find is appropriate.,Tips on summary writing,outline,topic sentence supporting details (conclusion),(以议论文为例),While writing 1. Structure 1)Topic sentence* 2)Main supporting points/evidence 3)About 60 words 2. Language 1)To use your own words* 2)To be concise (leave out the details; reduce the examples; simplify the descriptions; eliminate all repetitions. 3)To present the information fairly, do not give your own comments 4)To use the third person to retell 5)Tense,Para 1：,Child raising,find out top sentences or words which can best serve the main idea.,Child raising is probably one of the most difficult jobs for people to do all over the world. Since babies do not come with child raising manuals(指南), couples, especially future mothers, have to learn from their mothers, aunts, mothers-in-law, or any other relative who is close to them.,difficult,Topic： Characteristics：,Reasons,找对主旨句,Step 1 reading,Para 2：,As children grow up, parents have to find reasonable ways in order to help their children, advise them, punish them, lead them to achievements, and teach them. Sometimes children under ten may behave inappropriately. For example, they learn to say offensive words and they show no respect for their relatives. I think parents in these cases should punish their children in a reasonable way. Children must know those kinds of attitudes are not good at all. .,A detailed example,忽略具体事例，或者一笔带过,Para 3：,There are many aspects which influence parents in this hard job, for example, the culture in which they live, the economic situation in their society, and the religious environment. Para 4 One group consists of people who dont have economical resources or education. Para 5 Other groups of people are hard workers or well-educated. ,例子若篇幅较长，应该简要概括,Evidence,outline,Para1：1st sentence reason Para2: 1st sentence an example Para3: the first sentence Para 4 Para 5 evidence,Step 2 writing,How to express the key points by using your own words properly?,Para 1 Child raising is probably one of the most difficult jobs for people to do all over the world.,Tip 1：分析句子结构，抓住重点信息,Child raising is a difficult job.,Step 2 writing,How to express the key points by using your own words properly?,Bringing up a child,Child raising is a difficult job.,Tip 2：转换同义词或者词性,is hard work/,Tip 3：转换句型,It is rather tough to raise a child for people.,difficult/tough.,Step 2 writing,How to express the key points by using your own words properly?,Para 2 As children grow up, parents have to find reasonable ways in order to help their children, advise them, punish them, lead them to achievements, and teach them.,Tip 4 ：用一个可以涵盖的词汇概括几个列举的并列词汇,educate their children,Parents should _ to educate their children.,adopt reasonable methods,Step 2 writing,How to express the key points by using your own words properly?,There are many aspects which influence parents in this hard job.,Tip 5：代词转换成具体信息,There are many factors that influence the parents in _.,bringing up their children,two examples are given,in order to make it clear,Step 2 writing,How to express the key points by using your own words properly?,One group consists of people who dont have economical resources or education. Other groups of people are hard workers or well-educated.,Tip 6：具体事例需要概括其特征或代表性,In order to make it clear, two examples are given, which show that _,children raised in families with different economical and educational background may have different futures,It is rather tough to raise children for couples, especially future mothers. Parents should adopt reasonable methods to educate their children. There are many factors that influence the parents in bringing up their children. In order to make it clear, two examples are given, which show that children raised in families with different economical and educational background may have different futures.,
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