《北冥有鱼》教学课件.ppt

庄周曾梦见自己变成一只蝴蝶，轻舞飞扬、飘然快乐。于是他全然忘记了自己是庄周。醒来之后，庄子对于自己究竟是庄周还是蝴蝶感到惊奇诧异。仔细想想，不知是庄周做梦变成蝴蝶了呢，还是蝴蝶做梦变成了庄周？,创设情境，明确目标,北冥有鱼,学习目标,了解庄子的作品及其思想主张；积累常用文言词语，整体把握课文大意。（重点） 理解课文中寓言阐述的道理。（难点） 学习庄子追求逍遥洒脱的人生态度，无所恃的绝对自由的精神境界。（难点）,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,作者简介,庄周（约前369前286），战国时宋国蒙（今河南商丘东北）人,哲学家，道家学派代表人物。曾做过漆园吏。,自主阅读，整体感知,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,校正字音,鲲（ ） 徙（ ） 抟（ ） 南冥（ ） 濠梁（ ） 鲦鱼（ ）,kn,x,tun,mn,ho,tio,北冥有鱼，其名为鲲。鲲之大，不知其几千里也；化而为鸟，其名为鹏。鹏之背，不知其几千里也；怒而飞，其翼若垂天之云。,冥： 鲲： 怒： 垂天之云：,同“溟”，海。,大鱼名。,振奋，这里指用力鼓动翅膀。,悬挂在天空的云。,夸张,动作描写,介绍鲲鹏形体,是鸟也，海运则将徙于南冥。南冥者，天池也。齐谐者，志怪者也。谐之言曰：“鹏之徙于南冥也，水击三千里，抟扶摇而上者九万里，去以六月息者也。”野马也，尘埃也，生物之以息相吹也。,海运： 天池： 志怪： 水击： 抟： 扶摇： 息： 野马：,海水运动。,天然形成的水池。,记载怪异的事物。,击水，拍打水面。,仰视鲲鹏飞南冥,盘旋飞翔。,旋风。,引用：表明这种情形真实可信。,山野中的雾气，奔腾如野马。,气息，这里指风。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,天之苍苍，其正色邪？其远而无所至极邪？其视下也，亦若是则已矣。,苍苍： 正色： 邪： 极： 下： 是：,湛蓝。,同“耶”，疑问语气词。,真正的颜色。,尽。,向下。,想象高空俯视情景,这样。,结构梳理,北冥有鱼,介绍鲲鹏形体,有所待,仰视鲲鹏飞南冥,想象高空俯视情景,文章标题为“北冥有鱼”，后来怎么又写鸟了？ 在庄子的作品中，往往借用寓言故事说理，使文章生动活泼，寓意隽永，感染力强。文章借鲲鹏的寓言说明什么道理？ 任何事物的存在都是依附于一定的条件，那么人对事物的认识有没有局限呢？,读课文，思考讨论下列问题。,合作探究、交流展示,1.文章标题为“北冥有鱼”，后来怎么又写鸟了？,鸟是由鱼变化而来的。鲲的体积有几千里，变成鸟后，鸟的背部不知有几千里。说明庄子想象力丰富。,2.在庄子的作品中，往往借用寓言故事说理，使文章生动活泼，寓意隽永，感染力强。文章借鲲鹏的寓言说明什么道理？,说明任何事物的存在都是依附于一定的条件，它们的活动都是有所凭借。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.任何事物的存在都是依附于一定的条件，那么人对事物的认识有没有局限呢？,“天之苍苍，其正色邪？其远而无所至极邪？”这句话说明人对事物的认识是有局限的。 庄子给出确定的结论，鹏鸟和人们一样，并不能弄清天的本色，鹏鸟的认识也是有局限的啊。,大鹏的形象如何呢？作者又是怎样描写这一形象的呢？,鲲鹏:形体硕大无比、变化神奇莫测、志存高远、善借长风但又无法摆脱束缚的大鸟形象。它象征渴望追求崇高理想却无法摆脱现实束缚的庄子。从体大、背大、翼大以及活动范围大（长度：从北海到南海；高度：九万里）四个方面极写鲲鹏形象磅礴壮观。,用夸张的手法描述鲲鹏，“不知其几千里也”言其形，“若垂天之云”言其翼，“北冥”“南冥”“九万里”言其活动天地，极言鲲鹏形体之大、变化之神奇、飞腾时气势之壮观，一开头就向我们展示了一幅雄奇壮丽的画卷。,赏析语言,鹏之徙于南冥也，水击三千里，抟扶摇而上者九万里。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,主旨归纳,这则故事以大鹏南飞作比喻，说明世上的万物无论大小，都受到不同的限制，处在不同的束缚之中，因此，大鹏状似逍遥，其实还没有达到真正的逍遥。,艺术特色,1.巧借寓言，富有哲理。,庄子运用大鹏南飞凭借风的力量的故事，讲述了大鹏飞翔受到了风的限制，还是有所依赖的，所以大鹏还是有所待，并没有达到真正的逍遥，说理形象，寓意深远。,2.对比鲜明，道理明确。,那些山野中的游气(“野马”)、飞尘(“尘埃”)，空中的活动之物(“生物”)，皆由风相吹而动。与鲲、鹏相比，它们实在是太渺小了，但它们要能够动起来，依然要有所凭借，即有所“待”。显然，它们也没有达到逍遥。,3.想象丰富，意境开阔。,“大鹏”“野马”“尘埃”都展现了庄子丰富的想象力，想象雄奇瑰丽，汪洋恣肆，跌宕多姿，用形象、生动的故事来说明一个它们都有所待，没有达到真正的逍遥的道理。,课堂检测，回馈信息 1、通假字：北冥有鱼 其正色邪 2、一词多义：而、之、 3、特殊句式：（1）齐谐者，志怪也。 （2）去以六月息也。 4、口译课文，导背课文。,拓展延伸 共享成果,交流与“鹏“有关的文学形象、成语典故、诗词名句。,鹏程万里、鹏霄万里、鹏游蝶梦。,九万里风鹏正举-李清照渔家傲,图南未可料，变化有鲲鹏。-杜甫泊岳阳城 风里鲲鹏欺大鸟，雨中雏燕竞轻俊。 - 唐庚春山伴路图,布置作业，巩固教学,1、抄写原文、整理单双音节词语、译文。 2、背诵默写本文。,