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Polarice meltdown Some scientists warn that ice near the Earths Poles may indeed be melting.This “polar meltdown” may be the first sign that the Earth is heating up.We could be in very serious trouble if this trend continues.It is estimated that a meltdown of as little as 10 percent of,Module 1 Deep South,Antarcticas ice would raise sea levels around the globe by 4 to 9 meters.Floods would cover lowlying regions and turn coastal cities like New York and New Orleans into real life underwater world. Scientists first predicted in the 1970s that heat trapped in the Earths atmosphere could cause a polar meltdown.Many people now believe that human activities are turning up the heat.When we burn fossil fuels like coal and oil，we add carbon dioxide (CO2) gas to the Earths atmosphere.Cutting down trees also makes CO2 levels rise,because trees normally soak up CO2 to make food.Scientists say higher CO2 levels strengthen the “greenhouse effect” and could increase the Earths temperature.In fact，CO2 levels have risen by 30 percent since the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries. Over the past three years，satellite measurements have shown a sea level rise of about a quarter inch worldwide.“If nothing is done to reduce fossilfuel pollution and global warming，sea levels will rise even more.” says geologist Richard Alley.,But even Alley admits that a polar meltdown would take time.The ice in Antarctica and Arctic locks up nearly nine times the volume of water contained in all the worlds rivers and lakes.These are such big “ice cubes” and it would probably take thousands of years to melt them. Another scientist Charles Bentley doesnt think a meltdown will happen at all.“Even if warmer temperatures begin to melt polarice，” he says，“the excess moisture would most likely be redeposited as snow.” In other words，the melted ice would evaporate into the atmosphere，refreeze，and fallas rain and snow over the Poles.,这次会议预计要开4天。 It is estimated that the meeting will last four days. 产量比去年至少提高了20%。 The output has risen by no less than 20 percent over the last year. 如果明天天好，我们将外出。 If it is fine tomorrow，we will go outing.,1佳句仿写一二三,In other words，the melted ice would evaporate into the atmosphere，refreeze，and fall as rain and snow over the Poles. 换句话说，融化的冰将会蒸发到大气中，再凝固，然后以雨或雪降落到极地。,2翻译佳句，放眼高考,.单词识记 1_na person who travels to unknown places in order to find out more about them 2_nthe total amount of rain that falls in a particular area in a particular amount of time 3_adj.difficult to stay or live in，especially because there is no shelter from the weather,Period One Introduction,Reading and Vocabulary,4_vto make somebody/something unsteady and in danger of falling 5_vto help something to happen or develop 6_adj.happening or done once every year 7_nthe distance from the top or surface to the bottom of something 8_na formal agreement between two or more countries 9_adj.connected with the buying and selling of goods and services,10_adj.(of people，political organizations， opinions，etc.) far from what most people consider to be normal，reasonable or acceptable 答案 1.explorer 2.rainfall 3.inhospitable 4.balance 5.promote 6.annual 7.depth 8.treaty mercial 10extreme,.短语天地 1_几乎为零 2_处于一种冰冻状态 3_平均 4_使适应 5_显眼，出色 6in the form of_ 7set foot on _ 8in particular_ 9reach a depth of_ 10be made up of_,答案 1.close to zero 2.in a frozen state 3.on average 4adapt to 5.stand out 6.以形式 7.踏上，进入 8尤其 9.深度达到 10.由组成,.语境助记 Antarctica is an inhospitable place，with annual rainfall close to zero.It is covered with ice in a frozen state all the year round.On average，the depth of the ice is two kilometers.In some places，it reaches the depth of five kilometers.It attracts many explorers to set foot on the land.But recently，a treaty is signed to prevent the commercial use of the continent，in particular the use of military.,With annual rainfall close to zero，Antarctica is technically a desert. 信息提取 with复合结构作状语，表示原因。 例句仿写 由于很多学生的发音很差，他们从头开始。 With so many students_their pronunciation，they started from beginning.,1,.句型搜索,A high mountain range，the TransAntarctica range，runs from east to west，cutting the continent in two. 信息提取 cutting the continent in two是现在分词短语作状语。 例句仿写 她丈夫去世了，给她留下了三个孩子和许多债务。 Her husband died，_her three children and a lot of debts.,2,Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle，but he never saw land. 信息提取 Not until放在句首要用倒装语序。 例句仿写 直到他告诉我，我才意识到这件事多么严重。 Not until he told me about it，_the thing was so serious. 答案 1.weak in 2.leaving 3.did I realize,3,Choose the best answers according to the text Which of the following sentences is WRONG about Antarctica? AAntarctica is not only the coldest place but also the driest place on earth. BAntarctica is the fifth largest continent in the world. CA high mountain range，the TransAntarctica range，cuts the continent in two. DAntarctica holds 70% of the worlds ice and 90% of the worlds fresh water.,1,A,.预读理解,Which of the following descriptions is RIGHT about the wild life in Antarctica? AThere are flying birds，seals，whales and one type of plants. BThe long Antarctica winter night，the extreme cold and lack of rainfall make few types of plants. CThere are some trees on the large continent. DOnly two types of flowering plants are found and no forms of algae can grow on ice.,2,Antarctica rocks are very important for research because_ Athe rock has become a window on the past Bgases and minerals trapped in the rocks can tell us a lot about the weather in the past Cmost of the rocks are meteorites from outer space Dmost Antarctica rocks are dark in color,3,_crossed the Antarctica Circle in the late 18th century. AThe British explorer James Cook BThe explorer called Norwegian CThe explorer called Carstens DThe explorer called Borchgrevink,4,BFill in the blanks according to the passage,答案 A 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A B 1.coldest 2.permanently 3.extreme 4.wildlife 5researchers 6.last 7.set foot on 8.protect 9.symbol 10progress,promote vt.支持，鼓励；提倡；升职，提升，晋升(通常用被动语态)；促进，促销 The organization aims to promote cooperation between the two nations.该组织旨在促进两国之间的合作。 Throughout history，advertising has been an effective way to promote the trading and selling of goods. 纵观历史，广告是促进商品销售的一种有效办法。,1,(1)promote sb(from sth) to sth把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 be promoted to.被升为 promote development/understanding促进发展/加深了解 (2)promotion n提升，晋级；鼓励；提倡 get/win/gain promotion得到/争取晋升 Shes just been promoted to chief editor. 她刚刚被提升为总编辑。,【完成句子】 他努力工作，想得到晋升。 He worked hard to_ 由于出色的工作，他被提升为总经理。 He has_general manager because of his excellent work in the company. 答案 get/win/gain promotion been promoted to,trap v把困在，使陷于(尤指危险之地)；使无力改变；使落网；诱骗；储存，留存；n.陷阱；困境；圈套 The two men died when they were trapped in a burning building.这两名男子因被困在燃烧着的大楼里而丧生。 I was trapped into admitting that I had lied. 我中了圈套，承认自己撒谎了。 (1)trap sb into (doing) sth使某人上当，使中计 trap water储水 be trapped in被困在 (2)set/lay a trap for布好陷阱/设下圈套 be caught in a trap of.陷入的困境,2,【完成句子】 由于困于无爱的婚姻，许多妇女觉得生活单调。 _loveless marriages，many women feel that life is colorless. 我上当了，相信了他的谎言。 He_me_believing his lies. 答案 Trapped in trapped；into,adapt vt. (1)adapt oneself to sth使自己适应 He adapted himself to the new environment/climate. 他自己适应了新环境/气候。 (2)adapt sth for sth(from sth) (为电视、舞台等)改编或改写 This novel has been adapted for radio from the Russian original.这部小说已由俄文原著改编成无线电广播节目。,3,(3)adapt sth for sth使某事物适合新的用途、情况等而修改某事物 This machine has been specially adapted for using underwater. 这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。 adapt from根据改写/改编 adopt vt.收养；采取，采纳，采用；正式通过,【完成句子】 他花了很长时间来适应北方寒冷的天气。 It took him a long time to_himself_the cold weather in the north. 据说这部新电影是根据简奥斯汀的一本小说改编的。 Its said that the new film is_a novel by Jane Austen. 答案 adapt；to adapted from,state (1)n.状态，状况 The vice president is in a state of poor health. 副总统健康状况不佳。 (2)vt.陈述，说明，声明 It has been stated that Taiwan is only part of China. 台湾是中国的一部分是早已声明的事实。 in the state of 在情况下 in a good/ bad state情况好/糟糕 normal state正常情况 a good state of health良好的健康状态,4,【辨析】 state/condition/situation state 常用词，指“人或事物所处的状态” The country is in a state of war. 这个国家处于战争状态。 condition 指由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况 His condition will not permit him to travel. 他的身体状况不允许他出游。 situation 指多种具体情况造成的综合状态，着重这种状态的影响和处于该状态事物的关系 We are in difficult situation.我们处境艰难。,用state/condition/situation适当形式填空。 那所房子很脏。 The house was in a dirty_ 他是否参加会议要看他的健康状况。 Whether he will attend the meeting depends on the_of his health. 众所周知，美国目前经济状况艰难。 As we all know，America is in a difficult_in economy at present. 答案 state condition situation,Anyone who wants to make progress should be free from arrogance and rashness. 凡是想进步的人都应该戒骄戒躁。 He cant write a single sentence free from mistakes. 他写不出一个没有错误的句子来。,1free from不受影响的；没有的,【完成句子】 我过去住在一个远离污染的村庄。 I used to live in a small village_pollution. 周末，由于没有了无休无止的家庭作业，学生们一起骑车去看日出。 _endless homework on weekends，the students take a ride together to watch the sunrise. 答案 free from Being free from,Who do you think was the first person to set foot on Australia？你认为谁是第一个到达澳大利亚的人？ After the 10hour flight，they finally set foot on Chinese soil.经过10个小时的飞行，他们终于踏上了中国的国土。 set about doing sth开始，着手做某事 set out to do sth着手做某事 set aside/apart存储，留出，放在一边 set back使倒退；使受挫折；拨回(表针) set aside存储；留出；放在一边 set down写下，记下；放下,2set foot on/in进入；到达,【单项填空】 第一个踏上月球的是一个叫阿姆斯特朗的美国人。 An American called Armstrong became the first man to_the moon. 你最好把你的想法写下来，以免忘记。 Youd better_your ideas before you forget it. 答案 set foot on set down,stand out (from/against sth) (1)突出，显眼 Red stands out against a white background. 白底衬着红色，特别醒目。 (2)卓越；杰出；远远地超过 (stand out from sb/ sth) They were all attractive，but she stood out from the others. 她们都很迷人，但她比其他人更有魅力。,3,stand for代表；象征；为的缩略形式 stand by 袖手旁观 stand by sb支持；帮助；拥护(某人) stand against靠在；依站立；反对； 抵抗,【完成句子】 在白雪的映衬下，这些红花格外醒目。 The red flowers_against the white snow. 他们都很出色，但班长比其他人更优秀。 They are all excellent，but our monitor _ the others. 答案 stand out stands out from,in the form of “以形式” 或“呈形状” The main staircase was in the form of a big “S” 主楼梯呈S形。 People are bombarded with information in the form of magazines and TV advertising. 信息以杂志和电视广告的形式向人们连续轰炸。,4,【翻译句子】 以钱的形式支助是再好不过的。 _ 教堂常常建成十字形。 _ 答案 Help in the form of money will be most welcome. Churches are often built in the form of crosses.,With annual rainfall close to zero，Antarctica is technically a desert.南极洲年降雨量几乎为零，严格来说，该区域就是一片荒漠。 with annual rainfall close to zero 为介词短语，表示原因，由介词名词形容词(词组)组成，即“with 宾语形容词短语”构成的复合结构。,1,用括号内动词的适当形式填空 He sat there with his eyes_(fix) on the sky. He sat there with his hand_(point) at me. With so many essays_(write)，he wont have time to go shopping this afternoon. 答案 fixed pointing to write,Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle，but he never saw land.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却始终未发现任何陆地。 当not until位于句首时，句子要倒装。其结构为：Not until从句/表时间的词助动词(主句)主语谓语 Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking. 直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。,2,(1)当 not until 引导的状语或状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主谓语不倒装。 It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown. (2)not.until/ till.直到才该句型通常与非延续性动词(如：come，go，leave，reach，get，meet，realize，understand，arrive at 等)连用，强调主句所表示的动作或情景一直到until/till所表示的时间才发生，主句必须是否定句。 They wont come home until it is dark. 直到天黑他们才回家。,(3)until/till 用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词(如：study，stay，sleep，work等), 表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。 He watched TV until/ till midnight last night. 昨晚他看电视一直到半夜。,【单项填空】 Not until I came home last night_to bed. AMum did go Bdid Mum go Cwent Mum DMum went It was_back home after the experiment. Anot until midnight did he go Buntil midnight that he didnt go Cuntil midnight when he didnt go Dnot until midnight that he went 答案 B D,
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