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连 词 conjunction,连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成分。用来连接词，短语，从句与句子。,连词主要可分为两类： 并列连词 从属连词,并列连词表示词，短语， 从句或句子之间具有并列关系。 可以表示平行关系，转折关系，选择关系 和因果关系。,and (和) both and（和,两者都） neither nor（既不也不） not only but also(不但 而且) as well as (和, 也, 除外, 而且),1.表示平行关系的连词：,as well (也,而且,) 用于句末.,他是一个科学家, 而且也是一个诗人.,He is a scientist, but he is a poet as well.,He is a scientist as well as a poet.,他们也会来吗?,Are they coming as well?,2.表示转折关系的连词:,but while (而, 虽然) yet (可是) however (而) whereas (而) nevertheless(然而, 不过),3.表示选择关系的连词,or(或则,否则) or else(否则) otherwise(要不然) eitheror(或者 或者)rather than (而不是),4.表示因果关系的连词,so for thus(因此) hence （因此） therefore （因此）consequently（因而，所以）,二.从属连词是用来引导连接主句和从句的连词。 分为引导名词性从句的连词和引导状语 从句的连词。,1. 引导名词性的从句,(1). that,whether,if 不充当成分.,(2). 连接代词 who, whom, which, what 充当主, 宾, 定, 表语等.,(3). 连接副词 when, where, how, why 状语.,2. 引导状语从句的连词,(1). 时间: when, while, as 当时 when+瞬间,延续性动词 while+延续性动词 as+瞬间,延续性动词 “一边一边” till/until, once, as soon as(一就), the moment/instant(一就), no sooner than hardly when the moment,(2). 原因: as because for since,For语气最弱, 引导的分句放在句末. Because 语气最强, 句首,句末均可. As(因为) 置于句首. Since(既然) 通常置于句首.,(3). 地点: where, wherever,(4). 条件: if, unless= if not, so/as long as suppose(that)假使 on condition that如果 provided/ providing (that) 倘使, 如果,now that(既然) considering that,(5). 让步: though/ although不与but连用. as(尽管), even if/ though (即使) however(无论怎样), whatever no matter how/ who/ which,Although/though 和as(尽管) 的区别: Although/though引导的从句用正常语序. As 引导的从句用倒装语序, 即把as从句中的表语,状语或动词原形提至主语前.,尽管天气冷,可他仍继续工作.,Though it was cold, he went on working.,= Cold as it is , he went on working.,尽管你读得快, 你也不能在三天内读完这本书.,Fast as you read, you cant finish reading the book in three days.,Although you read fast, you cant finish reading the book in three days.,不管他怎样努力, 还是摆脱不了困难.,Try as he might, he could nt get rid of the difficulty.,
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