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Have 和Have got的区别,二者都是“有”“拥有”的含义,We have got a new car. We have a new car. She has got a stomachache. She has a stomachache.,二者的否定和疑问不同,Have 的否定 dont / doesnt have I dont have a car. Have 的疑问 Do /Does + 主语+have+其他+？ Do you have a car?,Have/ has got 的否定 主语+havent(hasnt) got +其他 I havent got any money. Have/ has got 的疑问 Have/ Has+主语+got +其他？ Have you got any money?,注意 Have / has got 没有时态的变化，只能用于一般现在时，不能用于完成时，过去式和将来时等时态 Li Hong had a problem yesterday. I have had the bike for three years.,固定短语中不能用Have/has got,Have breakfast/ lunch/dinner/supper Have a cup of tea/ coffee/ cigarette Have a bath/ a shower/ a swim/ a rest Have a party/ a holiday/ a nice time Have an accident/ an experience Have a look/ a chat/ a baby Have difficulty/ trouble/ fun,Future,将来时态,一般将来时表示在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,一、be going to+动词原形 1表示打算在最近或将来要做某事。这种打算往往是事先考虑好的。如： My brother is going to learn English next year. 我哥哥准备明年学英语。 I am going to meet Tom at the station at six. 我六点钟要到火车站去接汤姆。,2表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为非常可能即将发生某事。如： Look at these black cloudsit is going to rain. 看这些乌云要下雨了。 Im afraid Im going to have a bad cold. 恐怕我要得重感冒了。,注意： 1. 如果be going to后接的是形容词或副词（there）时，其后应加上be，然后再接形容词或副词。 Im going to be busy this Sunday. 这个星期天我很忙,2. there be句型也可用于这种句型中，但there不能和have连用。 There is going to be an English film this evening. 今天晚上有一场英文电影。,二、Will +动词原形 Will 可用于任何人称（口语中） 1.表示主动愿意或要求去做某事 The bag looks heavy. I ll help you with it.,2表示预料中将要发生的动作或情况。 Youll feel better after having this medicine. 吃了这药，你就会感到好些的。 3will表示人的主观意愿，它带有浓厚的感情色彩。 Come earlier tomorrow, or I wont let you in. 明天早点儿来，否则我不让你进来。,4在问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时，常用will。 Will you go to see a film with us? 你愿意和我们一起去看电影吗？ 5表示不以人们的意志为转移的规律。 He is fourteen this year, and he will be fifteen next year. 他今年十四岁，明年十五岁。,二、Shall+动词原形 Shall 用于第一人称 表示建议或征求对方的意见。 Shall we go at eight? 我们八点去好吗？ I shall go now.,Will 和be going to 区别,1. be going to 表示根据某种迹象，将来肯定发生的事情，而 will 则没有这个意思 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. 2. be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思 P 46 A,Passive,被动语态,一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态,We speak English.,主语,谓语,宾语,English is spoken by us.,主语,谓语,宾语,宾变主,主变宾,前加by,主动语态,主变被解题步骤:,1. 找宾语 -即动作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2. 判断宾语的单复数 -即be动词的单复数.,are were,3. 判断动词的时态 -即be动词的时态.,4. 将原句动词改为过去分词,made,5. 修改原句的主语 -即by+ 主语/ 宾语.,by them in that factory.,被动语态的大体构成：,Be + PP（过去分词）,主动语态变被动之歌： 被动语态强调宾，be后加上过去分。 Be要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。 行为对象作主语， 逻辑主语by来引。,Exercise: He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.,The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day.,Exercise: We call the snowman Mr. Strong.,The snowman is called Mr. Strong.,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.,一般过去时被动结构：,was/were +过去分词,Exercise: He bought some fruits yesterday.,Some fruits were bought yesterday.,3. Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now.,现在进行时被动结构：,am/is/are + being +PP,Exercise: They are holding a sports meeting now.,A sports meeting is being held (by them) now.,Exercise: They are playing volleyball now.,Volleyball is being played (by them) now,4.She was interviewing the famous man at this time yesterday.,The famous man was being interviewed by her,过去进行时被动结构：,was/were + being +PP,Exercise: He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night.,Basketball was being played at 8:00 yesterday.,5.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.,一般将来时被动结构：,will+ be +过去分词,They are going to have an evening party tomorrow.,An evening party is going to be had tomorrow.,be going to + be + pp,Exercise: The girl will finish her homework in twenty minutes.,Her homework will be finished( by the girl) in twenty minutes.,6. He said the workers would build a new school in two weeks.,He said a new school would be built in two weeks.,过去将来时被动构成：,would + be + pp,They would have a party the next day.,A party would be had (by them) the next day.,7.Aby can take good care of Tina ,Tina can be taken good care of by Aby.,情态动词变被动：,情态动词 + be+过分,Exercise: He may carry the basket easily.,The basket may be easily carried by him.,They can sing some beautiful songs.,Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.,8.We have made twenty keys,Twenty keys have been made by us.,现在完成时被动结构：,have/has + been+过去分词,Exercise: Workers have built the house since two years ago.,The house has been built since two years ago.,9.We had seen this film before you came here.,This film had been seen by us before you came here.,过去完成时被动结构：,had +been +PP,Exercise: The doctor knew that he had known his problem.,The doctor knew that his problem had been known by him.,各种时态的被动情况： 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 现在进行时： 过去进行时： 现在完成时： 过去完成时： 一般将来时： 过去将来时： 情态动词变被动：,am / is / are done,was / were done,am / is / are being done,was / were being done,have / has been done,had been done,shall / will be done be going to be done,would/should +be+ done,情态动词+be+ done,Exercise: Pick out the passive voice We have an old musical instrument. It was called clavichord. It was made in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. We arent allowed to touch it. Now it is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.,变为被动时，间宾前加to 的带有双宾语的动词有：14个 bring, teach, pass, hand, give, lend, refuse,leave, promise, tell, return, show, send , write.,变为被动时，间宾前加for 的带有双宾语的动词有：5个 buy, get, do, pay, sing,1. I was given a book by him. (间宾作主）,He gave me a book. (变被动）,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,2. A book was given to me by him.,My mother bought me a birthday cake.,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,1. I was bought a birthday cake by my mother.,2. A birthday cake was bought for me by my mother.,They said that he would come back soon.,It was said that he would come back soon.,类似的还有： It is reported / believed / hoped / supposed that ,We report,1). 不及物动词没有被动语态。,如：belong, happen, take place, last, come true, remain, succeed, fall, die, arrive, 等。,* Great changes have taken place in this city.,* That bike doesnt belong to Mike.,不用被动语态的几种情况：,
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