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新课标人教版课件系列,高中英语 必修4-1.5,Unit 1 Women of achievement,基础知识自测,一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义，或英语解释写出下列单词。 1. _ di vut vi. & vt. give wholly or completely to 2. _ kn din n. 条件；状况 3. _ welfe n. 福利（事业） 4. _ kmpein n. 运动；战役 vi. 参加运动 5. _ w: wail adj. 值得做的,devote,condition,welfare,campaign,worthwhile,6. _ institju:t n. a society formed for a special purpose 7. _ nest n. 巢；窝 8. _ ris pekt vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重 9. _ ent teinmnt n. 款待；娱乐 10. _ in spai vt. 鼓舞；感动,institute,nest,respect,entertainment,inspire,11. _ 5B:ju:vi. & vt. to disagree in words 12. _ s p:t vt. & n. 支持；拥护 13. _ straik vt. & vi. 打击；打动 n. 罢工 14. _ :tikl n. 文章；论文 15. _ reit n. 比率；速度 16. _ iks plein vt. make sth. clear by speaking or writing,argue,support,strike,article,rate,explain,17. _ medikl adj. 医学的 18. _ di liv vt. 递送的 19. _ mdist adj. 谦虚的；适度的 20. _ kmju:ni kein n. the activity of expressing ideas and feelings,communication,medical,deliver,modest,二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The book is _ (intend) for children. 2. She devoted _ to her career, but her son devoted much time to _ (play) computer games. 3. To help children _ (mean) helping yourself. 4. There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired _ a days work, went late at night to deliver _ baby to a poor family who could not pay her. 5. We have decided to take no _ (far) action.,intended,herself,playing,means,after a,further,6. The first question was difficult, but the rest _ pretty easy. 7. The patients in hospital were _ (observe) over a period of several months. 8. It was hard work and determination as well as her good nature _ had got her into medical school. 9. Mr. Lin is a much loved and highly _ (respect) teacher. 10. I can never repay your many _ (kind) to me.,were,observed,that,respected,kindnesses,三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. It was a remarkable _ for such a young teacher. (achieve) 2. His _ towards me was becoming more and more aggressive. (behave) 3. Poor people can only afford the most basic _ treatment. (medicine) 4. She is always polite and _ towards her employees. (consideration) 5. He is one of Hilarys staunchest _. (support),achievement,behaviour/behavior,medical,considerate,supporters,6. The suspect is being kept under _. (observe) 7. This is an _ and disappointing campaign. (inspire) 8. We promise to _ within 48 hours. (delivery) 9. Betty spoke _ to them. (kindness) 10. She is a _ in Japanese history. (special),observation,uninspiring,deliver,kindly,specialist,四、介词填空 在下列空格处填入一个适当的介词。 1. Tom looks down _ anyone who hasnt had a college education. 2. Dolphins use sound to communicate _ each other. 3. Mary cared _ her father all through his long illness. 4. The nurses had decided to dress _ clowns for Halloween. 5. Students worked _ pairs on the project.,in,upon/ on,with,for,as,五、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。 1. _ 心中暗想；自言自语 2. _ 获得博士学位 3. _走失；离散 4. _ 比差；次于 5. _ 蔑视；瞧不起 6. _ 女扮男装 7. _ 与交流 8. _ 为而战 9. _ 成对；成双 10. _ 据理力争,say to oneself,gain a doctors degree,wander off,second to,look down upon/on,dress as a man,in pairs,communicate with,fight for,argue for,11. deliver a baby _ 12. work out _ 13. mean (doing) sth. _ 14. choose to do _ 15. set up _ 16. carry on _ 17. be determined to do _ 18. inspire sb. to (do) sth. _ 19. rather than _ 20. care for _,继续进行,接生,算出,意味着（做）某事,宁愿；偏要,建立,下决心去做,激励某人去做某事,而不是,照顾,六、词组运用 翻译填空 根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选一个恰当的词组完成句子。 1. 那孩子走散后迷路了。 The child _ and got lost. 2. 新协议意味着要人接受更低的工资。 The new agreement _ lower wages. 3. 我决心解开这个秘密。 I _ this mystery. 4. 朱莉亚的舞技不亚于任何人。 As a dancer, Julia is _ none. 5. 去年我的父母决意在美国定居。 My parents _ in America last year.,wandered off,means accepting,am determined to solve,second to,chose to settle,6. 昨晚这个小孩由一名经验丰富的医生接生。 The baby _ a skilled doctor last night. 7. 我们用互动表演来激励孩子们快乐地阅读。 We use interactive displays to _ for pleasure. 8. 昨天工人们据理力争罢工权利。 Yesterday the workers _ the right to strike. 9. 我不停地对自己说我不应该做这事。 I keep _ that I shouldnt do it. 10. 你干吗非得自己干，而不请人帮忙？ Why didnt you ask for help, _ trying to do it on your own?,was delivered by,inspire children to read,argued for,saying to myself,rather than,Language points for Reading I Language points for Reading II,Language Data Bank,1. behave,behaved badly,Language points for Reading I,（1）vi. to act; bear oneself 行为；举止 她表现出了很大的勇气. She behaved with great courage. 他对顾客的态度不好. He _to the customers.,(2)vt. &vi. to bear (oneself) in a socially accepted or polite way 举止适当或有礼 你应该学会举止得体 You should _.,learn to behave.,(3) vi. (of things) to act in a particular way（指事物）有某种作用 我的摄像机自从修好后一直很正常。 My camera_ since it was repaired.,has been behaving well,2. v-ing form 百闻不如一见。 Seeing is believing. 他喜欢在余暇听音乐。 He _ in his spare time.,enjoys listening to music,他现在正在游泳池里练习游泳 He_ in the swimming pool now.,is practising swimming,3. worthwhile (可作定语和表语) a worthwhile experiment/job. The experiment is worthwhile. It is worthwhile to do sth/ doing It is worthwhile to do the job. doing the job. Cf. worth prep/n be worth (doing) sth The book is _.,well worth reading.,= It is worthwhile to read the book.,4. spend 你暑假怎么打发? How will_?,you spend your summer holiday,他把钱都花光了。 He has spent all his money. spend sth (on sth)/ (in) doing sth 用（钱）；花（钱） 他将全部积蓄花在一辆新车上。 He spent all his savings on a new car.,spend pay cost take,花费,Sb spend on sth in (doing) sth,Sb pay some money for sth Sth cost sb some money It takes sb to do sth,He _about a third of his salary in drinking. She _ 3000 dollars for the dress. The DVD _ her 150 yuan. It _ him ten days to finished the work.,spent,paid,cost,took,5. observe (1)vi.&vt. to notice/ watch carefully 观察注意到。 observe + n./pron./ sb. doing/do sth that-cl 这位科学家一生都在观察星星。 The scientist has observed the stars all his life.,我看到一个陌生人进了、正在进办公室。 I observed a stranger go/going into the office. 我注意到班上有几个学生睡着了。 I observed that several students were asleep in class.,(2) vt. to obey; to act in accordance with 遵守，顺从 我们必须遵守交通规则。 We must _,observe the traffic rules.,(3) vt. to hold or celebrate 举行（仪式等）， 庆祝（节日等） 你们国家的人庆祝圣诞节吗？ Do you _in your country?,observe Christmas Day,6.”Only+状语“+部分倒装 只有这样，我们才能学好英语。 Only in this way_. 到那时我才意识到我的错误。 Only then_.,did we realize my mistakes,can we learn English better,但Only+主语时不倒装 只有你了解我。 Only you_,understand me.,7. 现在完成进行时 have/ has been doing 表示过去某一时刻开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在，甚至到将来，强调进行的过程或表示到现在为止的一段时间内一再反复进行的动作或存在的状态。 He has been lying in bed for two weeks. 他已经卧床两周了。（现在还躺着）,他累了。 一天来他一直在学习。（现在还在学习) He is tired. He has been studying all day. 这些天他不断地给我们的杂志写文章。 All these days _ to our magazine.,he has been writing articles,几个月以来，汤姆每天晚间都给艾丽斯打电话。 Tom _ for several months.,has been phoning Alice every night,8.argue (vi.) +with sb. about/over sth. 同某人辩论某事 他们正在和同学争论这个问题的解决方法。 They are arguing with their class mates about the solution to the problem.,他们正在争执战争是否正当。 They are arguing with each other about the justice of the war.,argue (vt.) +n./clause(从句)/sb. to be 我们据理力争我们应该得到更高的薪水。 We argued that we should be paid more. 他花钱的方式说明他很富有。 The way he spends money argues him to be rich.,argue for/against 为、为反对而辩论 工人们为争取罢工的权力而辩论。 The workers argued for the right to strike. 一些人为反对自由贸易辩论。 Some people argue against free trade.,9. Support 1) 支持 2）承受 3） 供养 我不知道美国人是否拥护新成立的政党。 I wonder if the Americans support the new political party. 我认为支持本地企业是很重要的。 I think its important to support local businesses. 那张长椅承受不了4个人。 That bench wont support four people.,1. research n./ v. (in , into, on ),They are doing some research into/ on the effects of brain damage.,Will they publish the results of their research/ researches?,他们将会发表己自的研究成果吗？,Language points for Reading II,research 这个明词可以跟a和可用复数researches连用，但不可与many连用.,Im researching in Chinese history.,They are doing research on the affects of cigarette smoking.,do some research ( on / for),2. catch sbs eye,When I entered his new house, a beautiful picture caught my eye.,3. intend vt,1). What do you intend to do /doing next?,2).He intends no harm.,3). Our dictionary is intended for the students.,4.must/ may/ might/+ have +p.p,can/cant/ couldnt + have + p.p,1). They must have spent years and years building the Great Wall.,2)The man you saw last night couldnt /cant have been Tom.,5.devote v,devote oneself / sth. to sb / sth.,他一生促进世界和平的发展。 He devoted his life to promoting/ the promotion of the world peace.,刘胡兰把生命奉献给了祖国。 Liu Hulan devoted her life to our country.,他所有的余闲都花在学英语上。 He devotes all his spare time to learning English.,Useful structure,agreement,The boy _ diving.,They _ diving.,Both Jack and Tim _ diving.,All of them _ diving.,Neither Jack nor Tim _ walking.,is,are,are,is,are,Finish the following exercises:,Bob,Bob _ a worker.,is,Mike,Mike and Bob _ workers.,are,Both Mike and Bob _ workers.,are,Neither Mike nor Bob _ a teacher.,is,Bill,Neither of them _ (know) how to teach English.,knows/know,All of them _ workers.,None of them _ (know) how to teach English.,are,knows/know,Subject-Verb Agreement,主谓一致的三个原则: 语法一致、就近一致、意义一致,Summarize the rules of subject-verb agreement:,(一）谓语动词为单数的情况,1.由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。 The worker and writer is from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家 cf: the worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家 Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. .,2every and (every),each and (each ,no and (no) ,many a and (many a)连接两个单数名词作主语。,Every desk and every chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.,3one/every one /each/either/ the number+of +复数名词作主语 Each of the students has a book. 4clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 5以s 结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语。 Maths physics Swiss United states,6表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时 Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 7 由any-,some-,no-和-one,-thing,-body等所构成的不定代词作主语。Anybody,something 8非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语 Collecting stamps is what he likes. Whatever was left was taken away. 9. 单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。,（二）谓语动词为复数的情况,1由and 连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。 Both bread and butter are sold out. 2people , police, cattle 等有生命的集体名词作主语。 The police are looking for the missing child. 3goods, stairs, arms 等名词作主语。,4由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 5. a number of /quantities of /a group of +名词作主语,(三) 谓语动词单、复数视情况而定,1集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。 His family is a great one. His family are music lovers.,2means, works, pains等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。 The steel works is near the station. Two new steel works are being built. 3kind, sort , pair ，type +名词作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。 4all , none, some , any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good. . 5half/most/enough/part/the rest/the last/lots/plenty/ 分数、百分数+of +名词作主语,就近一致原则,由or , either or, neithernor, not onlybut also 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词单复数上保持一致。 Not only he but also I am invited. Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress. 但注意with/along with /together with/including /but/except/like/among/as well as /no more than /besides/rather than +名词 置于主语后，谓语和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。,The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.,高考链接,1.As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land.(上海） number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have 精析：a large number of 后面要接复数名词，所以A不能作为答案因为desert是单数，所以要填 has这句话的意思是“毁坏森林的结果是，大片沙漠覆盖了陆地”答案 B,2. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.(上海2000) Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, are C. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are 精析: 分数的分子用基数词,分母用序数词表示.如果分子大于1, 序数词后加-s. 分数和百分比作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于分数和百分数后面的名词.句子中的主语 land是单数,所以谓语动词要用 is covered. 答案C.,3- Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _ to go to university. - So do I.（全国1998） hopes B. hope C. hoping D. do hope 精析：这句话的主语是 Each of the students，是单数，所以要 hopes 选作谓语。现在分词短语working hard at his or her lessons 作状语，表示伴随的情况。有的考生盲目地把 lessons 当成了主语，填写了hope，发生了错误。本题的译文：每一个努力学习的学生都想上大学。我也是。答案 A。,4. _ people in the world are sending information by e-mail every day.（上海2001） Several million B.Many millions C. Several millions D. Many million 精析：在Million前如果有具体的数字或 several等词时，要用单数形式。 Many一般不与 million等词连用，表示“数百万”，英语为 millions of。这句话的意思是“每天，世界上有几十万人通过 e-mail传递信息。”答案 A。,1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe 2Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam Dbe,Exercises:,3Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another Ais Bare Cam Dbe 4Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe,5Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been 6A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come,7No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known 8The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading 9All but one _ in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed,10. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 11. A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered 12. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided,13. The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 14. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. A . is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play 15. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are,16 No one but her parents _ it. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. are knowing 17. The results of the examination _that you have all made great _ . A. show; progress B. shows; progress C. show; progresses D. shows; progresses 18.Here _ a new pair of shoes for you. A. is B. are C. have D. has,The necklace The story happened in Paris. One day , Pierre together with his wife, Mathilde _ invited to a ball at the palace. Both of them _ very glad to accept the invitation . Not only a new dress but also some jewellery _ needed. But the family _ not a rich one, they only could offer to buy a dress. So a diamond necklace _ borrowed from Mathildes friend Jeanne. But neither of them _ told that the necklace _ not a real,Fill in the blanks with the proper verbs:,was,were,was,was,was,was,was,diamond one. They went to the ball, and they _ both happy. On their way home, Mathilde found the necklace _ no more around her neck. They looked everywhere for it , but they couldnt find it. It _ lost. A lot of money _ borrowed ,and a new diamond necklace _ bought. To pay off the debts , the couple had to work day and night. Ten years _ a long time, but at last they paid off all their debts. When Mathilde met Jeanne in the park , she _ told the fact. The necklace she borrowed from Jeanne _ only worth 500 francs.,were,was,was,was,was,was,was,was,goodbye,
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