资源描述
13DEUTSCHE NORMFebruary 2003Welding of railway vehicles and partsPart 3: Design rulesDIN6700 3ICS25.160.01;45.060.01Welding of railway vehicles and parts Part 3: Design rulesSoudage des vhicules ferroviaires et des pices Partie 3: Rgles de constructioncontents page Introduction 11Area of application 12Normative instructions 13Terms 24General design rules 25Welded seam- or procedure-related design rules 4Appendix A (normative)A.1 welded seam preparation and seam thickness for fusion welding joints 8Appendix B (normative) B.1 resistance spot welding 15IntroductionWelding is an essential process for the manufacture of railway vehicles and vehicle parts. In this standard series the required instructions for the special process welding“ are being met. Basis of these rules are the welding technological basic standards in consideration of the special requirements of railway vehicle manufacture.Part 1deals with basic terms and basic rules.Part 2contains the requirements for the qualification of welding plants.Part 4deals with the rules for carrying out the work.Part 5contains the quality requirements for welding joints.Part 6contains the specifications for materials, welding fillers, welding procedures and the welding technological documents. 1 Area of applicationThis standard deals with the construction references of metallic materials for the manufacture and maintenance of rail vehicles and their components except for pressure tanks.2 Normative instructionsThis standard contains dated and undated specifications from other publications. These normative references are cited in various places in the text and the publication are quoted. With fixed references later modifications belong only to this standard if they have been added by way of alteration. With undated references the latest published edition is valid. DIN 6700-1 Welding of railway vehicles and parts part 1: basic terms, basic rulesDIN 6700-2 Welding of railway vehicles and parts part 2: classes of parts, recognition of welding plants, conformity evaluationDIN 6700-4 Welding of railway vehicles and parts partl 4: rules of executionDIN 6700-5 Welding of railway vehicles and parts part 5: quality requirementsDIN 6700-6 Welding of railway vehicles and parts part 6: materials, filler metals, welding processes, welding technological documentsDIN EN 1011-1 Welding- recommendations for welding of metallic materials Part 1: General guidance for arc welding; German version EN 1011-1:1998DIN EN 22553 Welding and soldering seams- symbol representation in drawings (ISO 2553:1992), German version of EN 22553:1994DIN EN ISO 13920 Welding General tolerances for welding construction length and angle measurements, form, position (ISO 13920: 1996); German version EN ISO 13920: 1996Normenausschu Schienenfahrzeuge (FSF) im DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V.Normenausschu Schweitechnik (NAS) im DIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V.3 TermsFor the application of this standard the terms stated in DIN 6700-1 are valid.4 General design rulesIn the arrangements of welding joints the following general design rules have to be observed:4.1 The choice of weld seam quality classes (SGK) follows the basic principle, that the welding joints have to be arranged as far as quality and dimensioning is concerned that they can stand up to the loading under operating conditions. For that the weld seam quality classes have to be chosen depending on the safety requirements and load capacity to table 1.The possibility of the execution of the weld seam quality class and the weldability of the part (welding suitability of material, the welding safety of the construction, welding possibility in production) are to be taken into account. The weld seam quality classes fall into three groups depending on the permissible irregularities (see section 4 in DIN 6700-5):- welding seams with special requirements SGK 1- welding seams with high to medium requirements SGK 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 - welding seams with medium to low requirements SGK 3The SGK 2.1 to 2.3 differentiate only in test extent, see section 6 of DIN 6700-5.The permissible stresses are contained in the valid regulations. The exploitation of load capacity must be agreed between customer and manufacturer. The guidelines of the appropriate supervisory authority must be observed.If nothing else has agreed, then DV 952 (appendix II) and instruction leaflets DVS 1608 and DVS 1612 are valid.Table 1: Weld seam quality classes in dependency on safety requirement and exploitation of load capacity Safety requirementhighmediumlowexploitation ofhigh (+)12)2.12.23)load capacity 1)high2.12.23)2.34)Weld seam quality classmedium2.23)2.34)3SGKlow2.34)331) approximate values:high (+): high static and high dynamic load and reaching permissible stresses (s = s zul).high: high static load and danger of exceeding the yielding point, but with adequate safety margin against failure (s Rp0,2) or load with high dynamic proportion under exploitation of the permissible stress up to max. 100% (s s zul ).medium: dynamic and static load under exploitation of the permissible stresses up to about 90% (s 0,9 s zul ) or pure static load up to 100% (s s zul ).low: load under exploitation of the permissible stress up to max. 75% (s 2,5 x a , see figure 5.figure 5: distance to edge5.3.4 For fillet welds at bores and slots, the hole diameter is to be specified as d (3.4) x t2 (figure 6) and the slot width as c 3 x t2 (figure 7).dmin 12 mmcmin 12 mmv de = 3.4 x dl = 2 x c figure 6: fillet weld at boresfigure 7: fillet weld at slots5.4 The following rules are to be observed in the design of T-joints:5.4.1 HV- (single-bevel butt groove) and DHV- (double-bevel butt groove) welded joints at T-joints as shown in table A.1, lines 10a to 10e are only permissible when the root fusion is secured in production by design measures (weld preparation, root opening, cap pass, backing) production engineering measures (welding procedure, welding filler, backing) .The fulfilment of the above specified measures is to be ensured by work specimen and must be verified by test measures if necessary.5.4.2 HV welded joints at T-joints which are only accessible from one side as shown in table A.1, line 10a, are to be avoided for bogies, chassis and loading gantries.If a cap pass is impossible in bogies, chassis and loading gantries for reasons of the design (e.g. in box section supports), the root fusion must be secured by measures of the welding technique and verified by work specimen and test measures. In other cases the welded joint can be designed as HY-weld (single-bevel tee butt weld) corresponding to the calculated conditions.HY-welds are not permissible for welded joints with dynamic load and high safety requirement and high exploitation of the load capacity (see also table 1).5.5 The following rules are to be observed in the design of interrupted weld seams:5.5.1 The minimum weld length of interrupted seams is: at tmax 5 x tmax , at least 20 mm for steel and 30 mm for aluminium materials. at tmax 10 mm : lmin 3 x tmax , at least 50 mm, see figure 8. e 3 x lv rFigure B.1: resistance spot welding of platese1spot spacinge2spot row spacingvedge distancet1smaller plate thicknesst2larger plate thicknessboverlapfigure B.2: resistance spot welding of plates, single-rowe1spot spacinge2spot row spacingvedge distancet1small plate thicknesst2large plate thicknessboverlapfigure B.3: resistance spot welding of plates, double-row e1spot spacinge2spot row spacinge3spot spacing (double-row offset)vedge distancet1small plate thicknesst2large plate thicknessboverlapfigure B.4: resistance spot welding of plates, double-row offset
展开阅读全文