英美概况考试试题集.doc

英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一）British Survey TestPart I Geography1. The total area of the U.K. is _.A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,5342. England occupies the _ portion of the U.K.A. northern B. eastern C. southern3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _.A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland4. _ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary.A. Wales B. Scotland C. England5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _ century.A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th6. By the Act of Union of _ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 18017. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _ provinces.A. 13 B. 12 C. 148. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _.A. the Scottish Highlands B. WalesC. England9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _.A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _ and England.A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden11. The longest river in Britain is _.A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann12. London is situated on the River of _.A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey13. Edinburgh is the capital of _.A. England B. Scotland C. Wales14. The rivers flowing into the _ are mainly short.A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _.A. Scotland B. Wales C. England16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _.A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines17. About _ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.A. 50% B. 38% C. 42%18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _.A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _.A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 169420. Britain is basically an importer of _.A. food B. raw materialsC. manufactures D. both A and B21. British farmers produce enough food to supply _ of the needs of the population.A. 2/3 B. 4/5 C. 1/222. Britains main cereal crop is _.A. oats B. corn C. barley D. rye23. The center of the Britain financial system is _.A. Bank of England B. Bank of Britain C. Bank of U.K.24. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include the following except _.A. the Angles B. the Saxons C. the Picts D. the Jutes25. “Black Country” refers to _.A. countryside in England B. an area around BirminghamC. a country in Africa26. The second largest port in Britain is _.A. London B. Belfast C. Liverpool27. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _.A. Cardiff B. Belfast C. Leith28. Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _ B.C.A. 410 B. 750 C. 30029. The U.K. is rich in the following except _.A. coal B. iron C. gold D. tin30. The decrease of British population is caused by the following except _.A. limitation of immigration B. fall of the birth rateC. fall of death rate D. unemployment31. The proportion of the English in the whole population is _.A. 60% B. 80% C. 70%32. The Queens University is in the city of _.A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Manchester33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _.A. final unification of England B. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progress D. some peculiarities of dialect34. About _ percent of the population live in cities or towns.A. 80 B. 85 C. 9035. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _ million acres.A. 30 B. 25 C. 4036. The highest mountain in England is _.A. Mt. Mourne B. Mt. Snowdon C. Mt. Seafell37. The second largest city in England is _.A. Glasgow B. Birmingham C. Manchester38. The modern Scots and Irish are the descendants of _.A. Gaels B. Britons C. Anglo-Saxons39. Scotland occupies the _ portion of Great Britain.A. southern B. northern C. western40. By the Act of Union in _, the name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was adopted.41. _ has its own national church and its own system of law.A. Wales B. Northern Ireland C. Scotland42. The _ End includes Westminster, St. James PalaceA. East B. West C. North43. _ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. Scotland B. Northern Ireland C. Wales D. England1. The U.K. is situated in _Northwestern_ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _ _ and _ _.3. The U.K. consists of England, _, _ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of U.K. is _.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _.6. _ _ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _ _.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _.10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _ _.11. The most important river is the River of _.12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _.13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _ _.14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _ _ _ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britains Industrial Revolution took place between _ and _.16. The Bank of England was founded in _.17. The population of the U.K. is more than _ million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _.19. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _.20. In Wales many people speak _.21. People sing the national anthem in _.22. The earliest invasion is that by the _-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.23. The modern _ and _ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _.25. Greater London is made up of 12 _ London boroughs and _ Outer London boroughs.26. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of _.27. The British national anthem is _ _ _ _.28. The U.K. lies to the _ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the _ End.30. River _ flows through Glasgow.31. Mt. Seafell stands in _.32. The source of the River _ is in the Cotswolds.33. The capital city of Wales is _.34. The United Kingdom is rich in _, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.35. Define the Following Terms36. “Backbone of England”:Pennines37. Greater London38. Celts39. The “Irish Question”I. Answer the Following Questions英美概况一答案Part I DCBAA CAAAB ABBBB ABABD ACACB CBBCD BADAA CBABA CBDII. Northwestern Great Britain, Northern Ireland Scottish, Welsh England London Northern Ireland 1921 Ben Nevis Pennines North Sea Thames London Northern Ireland Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750, 1850 1694 57 manufacture Irish Welsh English dark Scots, Irish Welsh Inner, 20 Edinburgh God Save the Queen North West Clyde England Thames Cardiff coal英美概况英国历史部分History1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _B_.A. once B. twice C. three times2. King Arthur was the king of _B_.A. Picts B. Celts C. Scots D. Jutes3. The first “King of the English” was _B_.A. Alfred B. Egbert C. Bede D. Ethelred4. Christianity was introduced into England in the late _C_ century.A. 14th B. 8th C. 6th5. In 1653 _A_ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver Cromwell B. Charles I C. William II6. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _A_ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.A. Saxons B. Scots C. Welsh D. Wessex7. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _D_.A. the King of Denmark and Norway B. the king of EnglandC. Julius Caesar D. the Archbishop of Canterbury8. The _B_ invaded England in the earliest time.A. Danes B. Iberians C. Romans D. Celts9. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _D_.A. Norway B. DenmarkC. France D. both A and B10. Edward was known as the “_A_” because of his reputation for saintliness.A. Confessor B. Conqueror C. Protector11. Norman Conquest began in _B_.A. 1016 B. 1066 C. 103512. In history _A_ was nicknamed “King of Lackland”.A. John B. Henry I C. Henry II13. In 1181 Henry II issued the _B_ which made it compulsory for every freeman in England to be provided with arms.A. Inquest of Sheriffs B. Assize of Arms C. Doomsday Book14. Henry Plantagenet, in 1154, established the House of Angevin as _B_.A. Henry I B. Henry II C. Henry III15. Henry II appointed in 1162 _A_ Archbishop of Canterbury.A. Thomas Becket B. Stephen Langton C. Simon de Mortfort16. Charles I was beheaded in _A_.A. 1649 B. 1648 C. 165317. It was _A_ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.A. Edward I B. Henry IV C. Simon de Montfort18. The Great Charter contained _C_ sets of provisions.A. two B. four C. three19. The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _B_.A. Henry Turner B. Watt Tyler C. Richard20. The English Church was strictly _A_.A. national B. international C. regional21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a _A_.A. coup detat B. racial slaughter C. peasant rising22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _A_.A. factory of the world B. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval23. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in _A_ and ended in _.A. 1775, 1783 B. 1774, 1782 C. 1786, 178424. The Battle of Hastings took place in _C.A. 1606 B. 1042 C. 106625. The Great Charter was signed by _C_ in 1215.A. King Henry II B. King Richard C. King John26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _C_ in England.A. grow B. flourish C. decline D. end27. It was _B_ who published the book “The Rights of Man”.A. Thomas More B. Thomas Paine C. Thomas Jefferson28. The first Prime Minister was _C_.A. Wilminton B. George Grenville C. Robert Walpole29. The Parliament of 1265 which is known as the “_A_” is considered the “beginning of parliament”.A. All Estates Parliament B. Model Parliament C. Long Parliament30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _B_.A. the Wars of Roses B. the Hundred Years War C. Peasant Uprising31. In the first half of 17th century _B_ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalism B. capitalism C. Catholicism32. Prime Minister _A_ resisted any reform that could be resisted.A. Palmerston B. Robert Peel C. Gladstone33. By the end of the Hundred Years War only the port of _C_ remained under English rule.A. Troyes B. Gascon C. Calais34. In the 14th century took place the _B_, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages.A. Earthquake B. Black Death C. Drought35. _A_ and his followers, known as Lollards, provided ideological preparation for the labour movement of the 14th century.A. John Wycliffe B. Watt Tyler C. Somerset36. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _A_ began.A. Tudor B. Lancaster C. Plantagenet37. In the “_B_” of 1388 five lords accused the Kings friends of treason under a very expansive definition of crime.A. All Estates parliament B. Merciless Parliament C. Model Parliament38. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _B_ rose.A. white B. red C. pink D. yellow39. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from _C_ to _.A. 1600, 1604 B. 1640, 1644 C. 1642, 164640. William Shakespeare is mainly a _B_.A. novelist B. dramatist C. poet41. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _A_ began in England.A. The Constitutional Monarchy B. All Estates Parliament C. House of Lancaster42. The _A_ carried on trade relations with Russia and central Asian countries.A. Moscow Company B. Eastland Company C. East India Company43. _A_ started the slave trade in the second part of the 16th century.A. John Hawkins B. Francis Drake C. Diaz44. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_B_”, according to which Henry VIII was declared the head of the English Church.A. the Bill of Rights B. Act of Supremacy C. Act of Settlement45. Under Elizabeth I _C_ was restored, and she was declared “governor” of the church.A. the Roman Church B. the Catholic Church C. the Anglican Church46. In 1337 the hostility between England and _A_ resulted in the Hundred Years War.A. France B. Spain C. Russia47. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of _B_.A. Cromwell B. Charles I C. Henry VIII48. England first became a sea power in the time of _B_.A. Henry VII B. Elizabeth I C. Victoria49. The Industrial Revolution first started in _B_.A. the iron industry B. the textile industry C. the coal industry50. From 1688 to 1783 English Parliament was mainly controlled by the party of _B_.A. Tory B. Whig C. Labour51. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _A_.A. Churchill B. Chamberlain C. Baldwin52. At the End of _B_ century, the East India Company was formed.A. 15th B. 16th C. 14th53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _A_ to _.A. 1756, 1763 B. 1713, 1720 C. 1754, 176154. In 1689 Parliament passed “_B_”, limiting the powers of the crown.A. Habeas Corpus Act B. the Bill of Rights C. Navigation Act55. _A_ contrasted the first successful steam locomotive.A. George Stephenson B. Samuel Crompton C. James Hargreaves56. The “Peterloo Massacre” took place in _C_.A. Birmingham B. Liverpool C. Manchester57. Between 1911 and 1914 took place the following strikes except _B_.A. railway strike B. strike of the postmenC. coal strike D. strike of the transport58. The Victorian Age was over the _A_ began.A. Edwardian Age B. Georgian Age C. Elizabethan Age59. The _B_ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.A. Indian B. Qing C. Irish D. Spanish60. The Great Charter was essentially a _C_.A. Culture Movement B. colonial document C. feudal document61. _B_ broke out two years after the Hundred Years War with France.A. The Bore War B. The Wars of the Roses C. Queen Annes War62. The Reformation was a product of _A_.A. the Renaissance B. the Chartist Movement C. the Hundred Years War63. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _A_.A. Shakespeare B. Milton C. Chaucer D. Bacon64. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the _B_ period of capitalism.A. feudal B. modern C. colonial D. medieval65. By the _B_ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory Act B. Treaty of Paris C. Treaty of Montgomery66. The Chartist Movement began in _ and reached its height in _C_.A. 1845, 1858 B. 1828, 1835 C. 1839, 184867. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _C_.A. France B. India C. China D. America68. _A_ formed a coalition government in 1940.A. Winston Churchill B. Lloyd George C. Neville Chamberlain69. By the _A_ the British dominions became independent states in all but name.A. Statue of Westminster B. Locarno Treaty C. Disputes Act70. The Fabians Society was founded in 1883, including intellectuals such as _C_.A. William Shakespeare & Ben JonsonB. Christopher Marlowe & John MiltonC. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells71. Before WWII _A_ relied on appeasement of the European dictators to reduce tensions that might lead to war.A. Neville Chamberlain A. Stanley Baldwin C. Winston Churchill72. During WWII, Britain, America, France, Soviet Union and other antifascist countries formed a united international alliance which was called _B_.A. Locarno Treaty B. Grand Alliance C. Statute of Westminster73. The first coalition government during WWI was organized when _B_ was the Prime Minister.A. Lloyd George B. Herbert Asquith C. Stanley Baldwin74. When Germany invaded _C_ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.A. Austria B. Russia C. Belgium D. Poland1. At about 3000 BC, some of the _ settled in Britain.2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and , the _ built Hadrians Wall.3. The real Roman conquest began in _.4. _ _s “Paradise Lost” was published in 1667.5. Beowulf, considered the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to _ Times.6. _ was considered the first national hero.7. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke _ was crowned in Westminster Abbey.8. In history John was nicknamed King of _.9. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or _ _.10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _ Book.11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _.12. The Battle of _ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.14. Duke William was known in history as William the _.15. Along with the Normans came the _ language.16. The English parliament originated in the _ _.17. The head of the _ was Archbishop of _.18. The _ _ in 1688 was in nature a coup detat.19. The Peoples Charter included _ points such as universal male suffrage.20. The corrupt Qing government surrendered to Britain and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of _ in 1842.21. After the Crimean War _ was forced not to fortify Sebastopol.22. The third collection of the poll tax in the early part of 1381 became the fuse of _ _ rising.23. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _ and the _.24. The Enclosure Movement began in the _ century.25. By the treaty of _ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.26. In _ Britain launched the Opium War against China.27. The East India Company formed at the end of the 16th century was one of _ companies.28. After the Reformation the Roman Catholic Church was _, the English Church was strictly _.29. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she was called “_” Mary.30. “Renaissance” means “_”, i.e. Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome.31. During the Renaissance, the thinkers who worked for freedom and enlightenment were called “_”.32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _ _ war.33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _ system.34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _ _ was defeated by English ships.35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _ whose work _ became a humanistic classic in the