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定语从句,Attributive Clauses,1,什么是定语从句？ 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。,China is a country where we can talk free. That is the bike which my father bought for me. 先行词关系词,关系词的作用：既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当某种成分。,2,1.The man _ was here yesterday is a painter.,2.The man _ I saw is called Smith.,who/that,who/whom/that,先行词指人，且定于从句里缺主语，我们连接词可以用that/who.,先行词指人，且定于从句里缺宾语，我们连接词可以用that/who/whom.,3,3. A letter _ is written in pencil is difficult to read.,4. This is the book _ has been translated into many languages.,that/which,that/which,5. This is the pen _he bought yesterday.,that/which,先行词指物，且定于从句里缺主语或者宾语，我们连接词可以用that/which.,4,8. This is the scientist _ name is known all over the country.,7. Nobody wants the house _ roof has fallen in.,先行词指物或者人，且表示“.的”，我们连接词可以用whose.,whose,whose,5,6,用适当的关系代词填空 (1)She lives in a house windows all face south. (2)Jack is always ready to help others is a very kind-hearted man. (3)He is the man I saw yesterday. (4)The train has just left is for Nanning. (5)This was the same situation I imagined.,题组训练1,whose,who,who/whom/that,which/that,as,关系代词that与which的用法区别 1.关系代词用which不用that的情况 (1)非限制性定语从句中。 He had failed in the maths exam，which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。 (2)关系词前有介词时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun used to live. 这就是鲁迅过去居住的房子。,(3)先行词本身是that时。 Whats that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么东西？ (4)关系代词后有插入语时。 Here is the English grammar book which，I think，can help improve your English. 这就是那本我认为能帮你提高英语水平的英语语法书。,关系词只能用which的情况：,1. 在非限制性定语从句中。（需要填词的横线前面有逗号）,I like study, _makes me happy.,which,2. 关系词前有介词时。(需要填词的横线前面有介词),This is the house in _Lu Xun used to live.,which,3. 先行词本身是that时。,4. 关系代词后有插入语时。(需要填词的横线前面有插入语),10,2. 关系代词用that不用which的情况 (1)当先行词是all，everything，nothing，something，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时。 That is all that I want to say. 那就是所有我想要说的。 (2)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 When people talk about Hangzhou，the first that comes to mind is the West Lake. 当人们谈及杭州时，第一个想到的是西湖。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。,(3)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。 (4)当先行词被the very，the only等修饰时。 This is the very dictionary that helps me a lot. 这正是那本对我帮助很大的词典。 (5)当先行词既指人又指事物时。 They talked about the things and persons that they remembered. 他们谈论了他们所记得的人和事。,(6)在there be句型中。 Theres a foreign man that lives in that village. 有一个外国人住在那个村子里。,关系词只能用that的情况：,(1)当先行词是all，everything，nothing，something，anything，much，little，few等不定代词时。,(2)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。,(3)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。,(4)当先行词被the very，the only等修饰时。,(5)当先行词既指人又指事物时。,(6)在there be句型中。,14,用关系代词that或which填空 (1)He did all he could to help us. (2)This is the very bus Im waiting for. (3)It was a crisis for she was totally unprepared. (4)This is the most interesting novel Ive ever read. (5)What is the first American film you have seen? (6)Tom has made great progress， makes me happy.,题组训练2,that,that,which,that,that,which,Well never forget the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded. 我们绝不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。 The office where he works is on the second floor. 他工作的办公室在二楼。 The reason why he didnt come was not made clear. 他没来的原因没有弄清楚。,关系副词的用法 关系副词的一般用法列表如下：,用适当的关系副词填空 (1)I still remember the day I became a college student. (2)That is the reason he is leaving so soon. (3)I forgot the house the Smiths lived.,题组训练3,when,why,where,The day when I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life. The day on which I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life. This is a hall where the medical conference will be held. This is a hall in which the medical conference will be held.,很多情况下关系副词可以用“介词which/whom”来代替。,19,“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句 一、关系代词的选定 如果先行词指事(物)，关系代词就用which，指人用whom。 This is the classroom in which we studied last year. 这就是我们去年学习用的教室。 There are sixty students in our class，twenty of whom are girls. 我们班有六十名学生，其中二十名是女生。,二、介词的选定 1.根据先行词来选用介词。 The reason for which I came here is that I want to get your help. 我来这儿的原因是我想得到你的帮助。 The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look. 我曾经工作过的农场呈现出一派新景象。,2.根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。 The person to whom this letter was addressed died three years ago. 这封信的收信人三年前就去世了。 Volleyball is a sport of which I am very fond. 排球是我很喜欢的运动。 3.根据句意确定介词。 Air, without which man cant live，is really important. 空气确实太重要了，没有它人类就不能生存。,用适当的介词填空 (1)In the dark street，there wasnt a single person whom she could turn for help. (2)The poor man has no house which he can live. (3)He built a telescope which he could study the skies. (4)I didnt know the reason which he came late. (5)Is this the car which you paid a high price?,题组训练5,to,in,through,for,for,谢谢欣赏,24,
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