资源描述
111Unit 1 The written wordGrammar-教案Teaching aims:Teach the students knowleage about negative stateStep 1:Lead-in:One picture of Beijing University: Beijing University is not one of the best universities in China. -Negative statementsStep 2: self-thinkingThe most commonly used negative words are:no, not, never and neitherStep 3 & 4:Conclude the form(s) of negative statementFill in 4 tables about the examples, types, structures, conclusions of negative statements.Part 1.ExamplesStructures Types conclusions1.I do notthink so.2.I have never seen the film.3.I do not like either of the films. 4.The problems remained unsettled.1).助动词+not 2).全否定词+肯定谓语部分3).not+any/anyone/anybody/anything/anywhere/either4). 带否定词缀的词全体否定全体否定是百分之百地否认一个事物的存在、成立或真实性。表示全体否定的否定词有:no, not, nothing,nobody, none,nowhere, never, neither, nor, not.nearly, not.half, 以及not.possible 等.Part 2 ExamplesStructures Types conclusions1.It is not uncommon to find her reading the newspaper.2.Unless you read the novel yourself, you will never know what happens at the end.）把否定词not放在带有否定前缀的单词前面：这类双重否定形式，是一种委婉说法，削弱了句子意义，语气通常比单纯的肯定句弱。 2)用否定跟含否定意义的连接unless, until, but等词连用，构成双重否定，用来表示强烈的肯定双重否定 双重否定是指两个否定成分限定同一个词或词素；或是一个否定词否定另一个否定词，取得肯定意义的表达形式。否定之否定成为肯定，这是合乎逻辑的。 Part 3 ExamplesStructures Types conclusions1.Not many people heard the speech=Very few people heard the speech. 2.Not all he said was to the point. 3.I cant see everybody.4.I dont wholly agree with you.1.not+many/much/very much/some/a phrase of time, distance or a noun phrase including quantities. 2.not+all/both/each/everybody/everything3.以一般否定句的形式出现，即把否定主语的 not与谓语动词放在一起。部分否定含有总括含义的词,用于否定句时,只否定一部分，而不是完全否定.如all, everybody everything, always, both, wholly 等词与not连用时,在汉语中译为 “不全是”“不总是”等.Part 4 ExamplesStructures Types conclusions1.I wonder whether/if I shouldnt bring an umbrella.=I wonder whether/if I should bring an umbrella.2.I wouldnt be surprised if they didnt move soon.=.I wouldnt be surprised if they moved soon主句+ whether/if引导的否定陈述if从句中的附加否定将否定词和whether/if连用,来表达对于某种情况的疑虑, 常用于口语中.I wonder whether/if 一般用于表达个人的决定I wouldnt be surprised if一般不用于表达个人的决定Part 5ExamplesStructures Types conclusions1. Pip can hardly wait to begin his new life.2.The classis are far from disappearing.3.Pips sister seldom has a kind word to say4.Unless you read the novel yourself, you will never know what happens at the end.5.The fortune sets him free from financial worries.6.Joe would rather die than see any harm cometo pip.隐性否定是一种有意无形的含蓄否定,常用含否定词的单词,词组,句型等来表示否定意义.这种否定意义用法隐藏在句子的深层含义中. 隐性否定含有否定意义的词汇与结构 1.动词及短语动词： fail (+to do.), miss, ignore prevent/keep/ protect .from等2.名词:absence, failure, refusal等3.形容词:few, little, free (from), far from等4.副词:hardly, seldom等5.介词： above, beneath, below, out (of) 等6.连词：unless, before, or 等7.结构: tooto 太(以致于)不 ratherthan “宁愿而不”等Step 5Do Part A on page 9Step 6Finish Part B on page 9Step 7. Homework:Do Part C1 andC2 on page 102 of the workbookFurther studies一般否定句 I dont know this. No news is good news.There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house.2)特指否定He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not coming on time.I dont think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.3)部分否定I dont know all of them. I cant see everybody/everything.All the answers are not right.（并非所有答案都对。）All is not gold that glitters. （闪光的不一定都是金子。）Both of them are not right.（并非两人都对。）4)全体否定None of my friends smoke.I can see nothing/nobody.Nothing can be so simple as this. Neither of them is right.5) 延续否定You didnt see him, neither/nor did I. You dont know, I dont know either.He doesnt know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French.6) 半否定句 We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.I know little English. I saw few people.7) 双重否定 You cant make something out of nothing. Whats done cannot be undone.There is no sweet without sweat. No gain without pains.I cant help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it. No man is so old but (that) he can learn.8)排除否定Everyone is ready except you. He did nothing but play.But for your help, I couldnt do it.9)加强否定I wont do it at all.I cant see it any more. He is no longer a boy.拓展：一、否定之肯定I.英语中的否定形式含有肯定意义。例如：1.Onecanneverbetoocarefulinoneswork.工作越仔细越好。2.Youcantpraisethestudenttoohighly.这学生你无论怎样表扬都不会过分。3.Havingwalkedfortwohours,Imnotalittletired.步行了两个小时，我非常疲劳。如果说：Imnotabittired.意思则与上句相反，意思是“我一点也不累。”4.Hehasnosmallchanceofsuccess.他大有成功的可能。5.Icouldntfeelbetter.我觉得精神好极了。6.Imtoldthatheisnofool.我听说他很精明。7.Itiswisementhatnevermakesmistakes.智者千虑，必有一失。II.英语中的否定的否定含有肯定的含义。例如：1.Noonecanreadthestorywithoutbeingmovedtotears.人人读了这篇小说都会感动得流泪。2.IwouldnothavemadethisappealtoyouhadInotfeltsurethatyouwouldnotmisunderstandme.我深信你不致误解，所以作此呼吁。3.Itwasnotwithoutreasonthathesaidsoatthemeeting.他在会上这样说是完全有原因的。III.否定形式与其他词汇搭配在一起常常产生肯定含义。例如：1.Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.我不得不佩服他的勇敢。2.ItwasnotuntilIcametoBeijingthatIsawanelephant.到了北京我才见到大象。3.Thehousehasbeenlet,butnobodysmovingintilltomorrow.房子是租出去了，可是明天才有人搬进来。4.IneverhearsuchathingbutIlaugh.我听到这样的事总是要发笑。5.Thisproblemisnotaboveus.我们能够解决这个问题。6.Nooneistrulygreatbuthewhoservesthepeopleheartandsoul.只有全心全意为人民服务的人才真正是伟大的。二、肯定之否定I.在英语中有时形式是肯定的，但含有否定意义。例如：1.Allmusicisaliketohim.他不懂音乐。2.Catchmedoingthatagain!我可不会再干那种事了。3.ItisthreeyearssinceIlastmeetyou.我已经三年没有见到过你了。4.Youaretellingme!你不用说，我早就知道了。II.虽然是肯定形式，但由于一些词汇搭配而具有否定含义。例如：1.Itistoogoodtobetrue.这太好了，不可能是真的。2.Heisstillveryweakandtheworkistoomuchforhim.他依然很虚弱，这工作他干不了。3.Hewouldbethelastmantosaysuchthings.他决不会说这种话。4.Shewasastonished;thiswasthefirsttimeshehadheardofsuchthings.她大吃一惊，她从未听说过这样的事。5.Ihavereadyourarticles.Iexpectedtomeetanolderman.我读过你的文章，想不到你这样年轻。III.比较级的一些特殊形式具有否定的含义。例如：1.ThebeautyoftheWestLakeismorethanwordscandescribe.西湖之美不是言语所能描绘的。2.Hehasbettersensethantobecarriedawaybysuccess.他的见识，不至于被胜利冲昏头脑。3.Iknowhimbetterthantomisunderstandhim.我对他了解较深，不致于会误解他。4.Thecompanywillbeoneschockmanagershort.Somuchthebetter.这家公司少了一个草包经理，岂不更好。111
展开阅读全文