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111【牛津选修7】 2014高考英语（江苏专用）全程复习方略 课时提升 作业二十三：Unit4 Public transport（含详细解析）. 单项填空1. at the meeting to be held about three days away? A. Do you think what will he sayB. Do you think what he will sayC. What do you think will he sayD. What do you think he will say2. When youa form, please write information in the spaces on it. A. fill inB. fill withC. fill upD. fill of3. (2013合肥模拟)At first, I tried to ignore the “dress-down” rule by simply _ in my suit as usual. A. dressing upB. showing offC. turning upD. ending up4. (2013成都模拟)Out of the crowded bus, who was dressed in a black suit and waved to a woman. A. a tall man in his thirties steppedB. stepped a tall man in his thirtiesC. did a tall man in his thirties stepD. did a tall man step in his thirties5. The buildinga hospital for the town and the surrounding areas till the early 1960s. A. regarded asB. set upC. split upD. functioned as6. Was the proposal passed at yesterdays meeting? Yes, but some members at the committee expressed. A. associationsB. authorityC. cooperationD. reservations7. Lets put our heads together anda plan of action. A. decide toB. decide inC. decide onD. decide at8. (2013南通模拟)Colours like reda sense of energy and strength. A. exchangeB. conveyC. transformD. transfer9. Although his wife was killed in the earthquake, hehis sobs to rescue others. A. showed offB. contributed toC. accounted forD. choked back10. (2013济南模拟)As with buying a car, humans shouldthe environmental effects of their future pets into account. A. takeB. undertakeC. transformD. swap11. The Internet is widely used, whichthe development of English. A. speeds upB. takes overC. gets acrossD. turns to12. The lorry, bricks, has broken down suddenly in the middle of the bridge. A. loaded upB. loaded withC. full withD. filled of13. of the meeting, I failed to attend it. A. Having not been informedB. Not having informedC. Not being informedD. Not having been informed14. (2013长春模拟)Obviously, we can draw the conclusion that good manners _ from politeness and respect for others. A. happenB. ariseC. comeD. rise15. Our computers areto the worldwide Internet, which provides communication channels between people and access to the information we need. A. put upB. made upC. linked upD. called up. 完形填空(2013江南模拟)The family is part of a disturbing(令人不安的)trend. One in 45 children, totaling 1. 6 million, is1, the highest number in United States history. Children who are homeless are more2to suffer from some illnesses. They go hungry at twice the rate of other3. They have three times the rate of mental4, such as anxiety and sadness. Campings not easy. Its a lot rougher when youre a5of homeless single mothers trying to keep seven children6, clothed, washed and in school. At dawn the two women, Guzman and Cervantes, pack their children7the minivan(小型货车), leaving the tents at the campground. They8a public restroom in a park. Guzman struggles to9her thick curly hair with drops of cold water from the tiny sink. Both women slip into stalls(小隔间)to change10. They stop at a caf for coffee and cake. Guzmans hair is11and she shakes as she holds the hot cup. Theyve been12to cook healthy meals on the campfire, but its hard to keep their13full. “Ive got to make sure my kids eat, ”Cervantes says. At one point last year, her14had dropped from 180 pounds to 152 pounds. After Guzmans husband left five years ago, and Cervantes husband went to15, both women struggled to hold down low-paying jobs16taking care of their children. “Im living moment by moment, day by day, ”says Guzman. “Im holding it all17. There are times I nearly18. I try not to let the kids see me. They tell me, If you break, Mom, we all break, 19youre the one who holds us together. So thats20keeps me going. ”A tear rolls slowly down her cheek. (300W)1. A. poorB. unhealthyC. homelessD. foolish2. A. difficultB. probableC. willingD. likely3. A. childrenB. studentsC. volunteersD. parents4. A. desiresB. functionsC. problemsD. pleasures5. A. groupB. pairC. dozenD. number6. A. educatedB. punishedC. excitedD. fed7. A. intoB. ontoC. offD. beyond8. A. buildB. moveC. findD. search9. A. arrangeB. washC. colourD. brush10. A. treasuresB. notesC. addressesD. clothes11. A. goldenB. wetC. dirtyD. perfect12. A. requestingB. persuadingC. wonderingD. trying13. A. housesB. minivansC. stomachsD. tents14. A. weightB. wealthC. serviceD. value15. A. prisonB. schoolC. workD. church16. A. unlessB. whileC. untilD. although17. A. tightlyB. togetherC. carefullyD. away18. A. calm downB. set downC. settle downD. break down19. A. ifB. becauseC. soD. but20. A. whatB. howC. whoC. which. 阅读理解Karl Benz would possibly be shocked at the continued popularity of his invention. Our desire for cars has grown to a point where there is now around one car for every 11 people in the world. Reasonably, you may think that more cars mean more road accidents. But, as ever, numbers tell the truth. Take the UK as an example. In 1950, a few years before I was born, there were 4. 4 million vehicles in Britain, one for every 11 people. In 2011, there were 34 million vehicles, eight times as many, and more than one for every 2 people. There were 5, 012 deaths on UK roads in 1950, but by 2011 the number of deaths had dropped by 63%. If we translate these figures into the chance in a million of dying, or micromorts(百万死亡率), there was an average of 102 micromorts per person per year in 1950, dropping to just 31 micromorts per year in 2011. Or to put it another way, each 100, 000 vehicles in 1950 were responsible for 114 deaths, but by 2011 they were responsible for only five deaths. Almost all of the richer nations have followed this pattern, in spite of traffic increasing. In the 30 years between 1980 and 2009, deaths on roads fell by 55% in Australia, 69% in France, 63% in Britain, 54% in Italy and 58% in Spain. But deaths slightly rose in Greece. Sadly these trends are not observed the world over. While the average risk for a person from dying on the roads in high-income countries is 103 micromorts per year, it is 205 in low-and middle-income countries. Of 3, 500 people killed a day worldwide, 3, 000 are in the developing world, in spite of those countries containing less than half of all cars on the road. (304W)1. The first paragraph tells us. A. Karl Benz is the inventor of vehiclesB. there is a car for every 11 people in Britain nowC. numbers show more cars mean more road accidentsD. the number of cars in the world will reduce in the future2. How many people died in Britain by 2011? A. About 5, 000. B. About 3, 600. C. About 1, 800. D. About 63. 3. In which of the following countries deaths on roads have possibly risen? A. The USA. B. Japan. C. India. D. Spain. 4. From the passage we can learn. A. before 1950 there was more than one car for every two peoplein BritainB. there was just 31 micromorts per year in 2011 in France and BritainC. deaths on roads have slightly risen in Italy in the last 30 yearsD. now most of the deaths on roads are in the developing countries【语篇随练】根据阅读理解将下面句子翻译成汉语并分析句子结构1. If we translate these figures into the chance in a million of dying, or micromorts, there was an average of 102 micromorts per person per year in 1950, dropping to just 31 micromorts per year in 2011. 【译】_ _【析】本句的主句为_, 前面是_引导的条件状语从句, 后面是_作结果状语。2. While the average risk for a person from dying on the roads in high-income countries is 103 micromorts per year, it is 205 in low-and middle-income countries. 【译】_ _【析】本句中_引导让步状语从句。答案解析. 1. 【解析】选D。“do you think”是一个插入语, 用在特殊疑问句中的语序是“疑问词+do you think+句子的其他成分”。【知识拓展】双重疑问句用法双重疑问句的句型结构为: 特殊疑问词+do you think/suppose/believe/guess/say等+陈述语序的句子? Who do you think will be the winner of the Mao Dun Literature Prize this year? 你认为谁是今年茅盾文学奖的得主呢? Where do you suppose they will have their contest? 你认为他们会在哪里进行竞赛呢? 注意: 若插入语为do you suggest, 其后句子要用(should+)动词原形。例如: How do you suggest she go there? 你建议她如何去那里呢? 2. 【解析】选A。句意: 当你填写表格的时候, 请在上面的空格中填写信息。fill in填写(表格);fill with充满;fill up装满;没有fill of这种搭配。3. 【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 起初, 我尽力忽视“便装规则”, 像往常一样穿着我的衣服到场了。turn up出席, 到场;dress up打扮, 穿上盛装;show off炫耀;end up结束。4. 【解析】选B。考查倒装。句意: 在拥挤的公共汽车上走出一个三十多岁的高个男人, 他穿着黑色的西服, 向一位女士挥手。表示方位的副词或介词短语放在句首时, 句子采用完全倒装的形式, 故选B。5. 【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 这座建筑物直到20世纪60年代初期一直为这个城镇和附近地区起着医院的作用。function as起作用;regard as把看作;set up建立;split up分组, 分离, 分解。6. 【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意: 在昨天的会议上, 那个建议通过了吗? 是的, 但是委员会的一些成员持保留意见。reservation保留意见; association联合, 结合;authority官方, 权威;cooperation合作。【变式备选】(2013嘉兴模拟)What do you usually do in the afternoon, Mrs. Smith? My afternoonincludes doing some shopping and walking my dogs. A. appointmentB. actionC. routineD. reservation【解析】选C。考查名词的辨析。句意: 史密斯夫人, 下午你通常做什么? 我下午一般是购物和遛狗。routine常规;appointment约会;action行为;reservation预订, 预约。7. 【解析】选C。句意: 让我们一起商量一下确定一个行动计划吧。decide on就做出决定。decide to后接动词原形。8. 【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 像红色这样的颜色传达了有精力和体力的意识。convey传达, 表达;exchange交换;transform使改变, 改善;transfer转换, 转变。9. 【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 尽管他的妻子在地震中死了, 但他还是抑制住哭泣去营救他人。choke back控制住, 忍住;show off炫耀;contribute to有助于;account for说明的原因。10. 【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意: 正如买车一样, 人们应该考虑到他们未来宠物的环境影响。take. . . into account将考虑在内。11. 【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 网络被广泛运用, 这加快了英语的发展。speed up加速; take over移交; get across(使)被理解; turn to转向, 求助于。12. 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意: 装载着砖块的卡车突然在桥的中央出了故障。be loaded with. . . 装载着, 此处用过去分词短语作定语。C项应为full of; D项应为filled with。13. 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意: 由于未被告知开会, 我未能参加。“未被告知开会”发生在“未去开会”之前, 因此用现在分词的完成被动式。14. 【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 显然我们可以得出结论, 良好的举止源于礼貌和对他人的尊重。arise from起源于;happen发生;come from来自;rise上升。【变式备选】Accidentsfrom carelessness cause many deaths and injuries every year. A. arisenB. aroseC. to ariseD. arising【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意: 每年源于粗心的事故造成多人伤亡。accidents与arise from为主动关系, 故用现在分词短语作后置定语。15. 【解析】选C。考查动词短语。句意: 我们的电脑和世界范围内的网络连接, 这为人们提供了交流的渠道, 也为我们提供了需要的信息通路。link up联合, 连接;put up举起, 张贴, 搭建, 提供食宿等;make up弥补, 编造, 虚构, 化妆;call up征召。. 本文是记叙文, 在美国每45名儿童中就有1名儿童无家可归, 无家可归儿童的总数高达160万。他们的生活充满了艰辛和无奈。1. 【解析】选C。根据下文内容可知这里说的是: 45名儿童中就有1名儿童无家可归。2. 【解析】选D。无家可归的儿童们更易患病。固定结构sb. be likely to do sth. “某人更可能做某事”, 注意probable不能用于此结构。3. 【解析】选A。根据上文可知, 本句中的they指的是children who are homeless, 所以这里指的是“其他的孩子”。4. 【解析】选C。根据后面的such as anxiety and sadness可知这里说的是心理方面的问题。5. 【解析】选B。根据后面的the two women可知这里指的是“一对(两个)无家可归的单身母亲”。6. 【解析】选D。根据上下文内容可知这句话的意思应该是: 这两个无家可归的单身母亲要照顾七个孩子吃、穿、洗以及上学。7. 【解析】选A。根据后面的宾语the minivan可知用介词into最合适, 表示她们把孩子们安顿在小型货车里。8. 【解析】选C。她俩离开营地, 在公园里找到一个公共厕所。9. 【解析】选B。在厕所的洗手台, Guzman用凉水洗洗自己浓密卷曲的头发。10. 【解析】选D。然后她们到厕所的小隔间换衣服。11. 【解析】选B。根据上文中的她刚洗过头可知这里是: 她的头发还是湿湿的, 她端着热杯子, 身子冻得瑟瑟发抖。12. 【解析】选D。根据语境可知她们一直试图在篝火上做顿有营养的饭。13. 【解析】选C。她们努力在篝火上做顿有营养的饭, 但她们填饱肚子都是很难的。14. 【解析】选A。根据前面的内容可知这句话的意思是: 去年有段时间, 她的体重从180磅降到了152磅。15. 【解析】选A。此处最合理的应该是她丈夫进了监狱。16. 【解析】选B。两个女人努力干好低薪工作的同时照看着孩子。17. 【解析】选B。固定表达hold. . . together表示“把结合在一起”。下文中的holds us together是很好的提示。18. 【解析】选D。有时候“我”几乎快要崩溃了。“我”尽量不让孩子们看到“我”快支撑不下去的模样。19. 【解析】选B。句意: 妈妈, 如果你坚持不住了, 我们都会坚持不住的。因为你就是那个让我们团结在一起的人。20. 【解析】选A。这就是使“我”一直顽强生活着的原因。表语从句缺少主语, 只有A项符合逻辑。. 你可能会认为汽车越多意味着交通事故就越多, 然而数字告诉你真相并非完全如此。尽管车流量增加, 几乎所有的富裕国家公路死亡人数却在下降。可悲的是, 这些趋势并没有体现在低收入和中等收入国家上。1. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。Karl Benz可能会震惊于他的发明的不断普及。现在世界上每11人就有一部车。你可能会认为汽车越多意味着道路交通事故就越多。然而数字告诉你真相并非如此。故答案为A。2. 【解析】选C。数字计算题。根据第二段最后一句话可知, 1950年英国道路上共有5, 012人死亡, 但到2011年, 死亡人数已下降了63%。由此可计算出答案为C。3. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知, 尽管车流量增加, 几乎所有的富裕国家公路死亡人数却在下降。可悲的是, 这些趋势并没有体现在低收入和中等收入国家。根据常识, 美国和日本属于发达国家, 排除A、B两项;根据第四段中的deaths on roads fell by. . . 58% in Spain, 排除D;印度属于发展中国家。4. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 全世界每天大约有3, 500人丧生, 其中3, 000人是在发展中国家, 尽管这些国家的汽车还不到所有汽车的一半。【语篇随练】1. 如果我们把这些数字换算成百万死亡率, 1950年平均每人每年的百万死亡率为102, 到2011年下降到每年只有31。there was an average of 102 micromorts per person per year in 1950;if; v. -ing短语2. 在高收入国家中, 个人道路死亡平均风险为每年百万死亡率103, 而在低收入和中等收入国家为205。while111
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