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111新课：一介词+关系代词which或whom引导定语从句1关系代词可在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且关系代词可以省略；介词也可提到关系代词的前面去，但此时关系代词只限定用which或whom，不可省略。Eg. 1) This is the hero (that/whom) we are proud of.This is the hero of whom we are proud.2) She is the girl (whom /that) I went with there. She is the girl with whom I went there.3 ) The room (that/ which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big.注：固定词组不可分, 即介词不能提前，如: look after, look for，take care of This is the boy (whom) she has taken care of. 这就是那个她照顾的非常好的男孩。 That is a book(which / that) I am looking for 这是一本我正在寻找的书。 练练吧：I. 转换句型1) English literature is a subject that /which I am very interested in . = English literature is a subject _ _I am very interested. 2) Daniel is a person who/whom/that I want to make friends with. = Daniel is a person _ _ I want to make friends. 3) I like the play that/which I have learnt a lot from. = I like the play _ _ I have learnt a lot . 4) I like Charles Dickens, the great English writer who/whom/that our Chinese teacher talked about just now. = I like Charles Dickens, the great English writer _ _ our Chinese teacher talked just now. II. 翻译句子，关注介词的来由。 1）Can you tell me about the boss for whom you are working?2）There is a big hole on the wall through which he can see whats happening inside. 3）The train by which he is travelling is arriving. 4）In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.5）He found something about which he could write . 2.“介词 + 关系代词”中的介词的确定主要有以下三种确定方法： 根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词搭配来选用介词。如：The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first. (speak to)The West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. (be famous for). 根据先行词来确定介词。如：Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed many problems. (at the meeting) 根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。如：In front of the house Tom is planting a tree, under which he will be able to sit and read some day.练练吧: I. 用适当的介词或介词+关系代词填空1. This is the car _which I paid 100$.2. This is the car _which I spent 100$.3. This is the car _which I go to work every day.4. This is the car _ which I cant go to work.5. This is the car _which the old man was knocked down.6. This is the car _which a boy threw a stone.7. This is the car _ which we talked.8. This is the car _which the window was broken. 9. Daniel is the person _ _ I talked just now. _ _ I worked together. _ _ I learned the news.10.This is the place _ _ I was born.11.This is the day _ _ they met each other.12.This is the reason _ _ he didnt come yesterday.II根据句意填入空白处相应的介词+关系代词： 1. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see what was happening inside the house. 2. The age _ children can go to school is seven. 3. Do you know the building _ a red flag is flying . 4. The dog, _ she used to be afraid, is her favourite animal now. 5. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. _ time many people have gone home. 6. The speed _ Tom drives his car is too high. 7. Tom is the boy _ I went to the cinema together. 8. The stories about Lei Feng, _ this is one example, are well written. III.句型转换(每空限填一词)： 1. They live in a house, whose windows are made of glass. They live in a house, _ _ _ _ are made of glass. 2. He has two daughters, and both of them are college students. He has two daughters, _ _ _ are college students. 3. China has hundreds of islands, and the largest of them is Tai Wan. China has hundreds of islands, _ _ the largest is Tai Wan. 4. Can you think of a situation where this word is used? Can you think of a situation _ _ this word is used? 5. China has a lot of famous writers and Lu Xun is one of them. China has a lot of famous writers, one _ _ is Lu Xun. 6. This was the real reason why he was late for yesterdays meeting. This was the real reason _ _ he was late for yesterdays meeting. 7. This kind of colorless gas is called oxygen. We cant live without it. This kind of colorless gas _ _ we cant live is called oxygen. 8. The person you should send this letter to is Mr. Ball. The person _ _ you should send this letter is Mr. Ball. 9. There was a time in history when black slaves could be bought and sold in America. There was a time in history_ _ black slaves could be bought and sold in America. 注： way 作为先行词，在定语从句中作状语, 表示：以 。的方式,关系词可用that/ in which/省略。1) I dont like the way _ you speak to her. 2) Can you tell me the way that the machine works? Can you tell me the way _ _ the machine works? 二.关系副词引导定语从句用关系副词来引导定语从句， 先行词通常为时间，地点，原因，且在定语从句中作状语时（表示：when在时间，where在地点， why因为的原因） eg .1）He remember the day when his father died. 2）I went back to the place where I was born and grew up. 3）Please give me the reason why you were late this time.1 定语从句中何时用关系代词、何时用关系副词? 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词when ,where ,why即：当先行词为时间，地点，原因的词时，可考虑用when, where, why。但是，若定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，就用which或that。 Practice: I.请用that, which, when, where, why填空.1. Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2. Ill never forget the days _ we spent together3. I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4. I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5. This is the reason _ he was late.6. This is the reason _he gave.7）We often think of the days_ we spent together in the countryside.8）This is the village_ is full of love.9）Do you believe the reason _he explain to you yesterday.II单项选择1. I can still remember the sittingroom _ my mother and I used to sit in the evening A whatB whichC thatD where 2. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child A whichB whereC thatD when3. I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers， _ has a great effect on my lifeA that；whichBwhen；whichCwhich；thatDwhen；who4. I lived in Beijing， _ is the capital of China A which B where C in which D it5 He still remembered the days _ we spent together A which B when C where D as6 He still remembered the days _ we stayed together happily A which B when C where D as7 The reason _ he gave us was that his car broke down on the way A why B which C how D what8 The reason _ he was late was that his car broke down on the way A why B which C how D what9. The farm _ we worked last summer has now taken a new look. A. at which B. in which C. above which D. on which10. The short play _our monitor acted yesterday evening was very successful. A. at which B. in which C. as which D. on which 11. He finally found his sister_ he had lost touch for nearly twenty years. A. to whom B. for whom C. with whom D. of whom12. In fact, I dont like the way _ Mr. Wang deals with his students. A. with which B. by which C. from which D. in which 13. Mr. Li, _ we have made great progress in maths, will go abroad to study for a year. A. by the help of him B. helped by whom C. with the help of whom D. under the help of whom注：关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which” 结构互换。例如：There are some days each month when (=_ _) one must feel depressed(抑郁) .Beijing is the place where (= _ _ ) I was born.Is this the reason why (= _ _ ) he refused our offer? 111
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