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111江苏省连云港灌云县第一中学高中英语必修五：unit 2 The Environment 语法学案1【学习目标】动词ing用作形容词：定语、表语、宾语补足语。Step1:说出以下动词ing用作什么成分an interesting book _the man sitting by the window _The story is very interesting. _Step2: -ing的时态和语态主 动被 动一 般完 成1. He hurried home, looking behind as he went. （ ）2. Having finished their work, they had a rest. （ ）3. The large building being built is a library. （ ）4. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.（ ）Step3:-ing形式作定语It is a very moving film and it is well worth seeing.Upon hearing the exciting news, they jumped with great joy.单个的现在分词作定语，放在名词的前面，相当于形容词。The girl sitting in the corner is my best friend.=The girl who is sitting in the corner is my best friend.People working in that bank are well paid.=People who work in that bank are well paid.现在分词短语作定语放在名词后面，意思和定语从句一样，并且可以转变成定语从句。The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well.The girl _ can speak English very well.The factory making TV sets is very large. The factory _is very large.A. 现在分词与动名词作定语的区别现在分词表示一个正在进行的动作,可以改成相应的定语从句，而动名词表示名词的用途,不可以改成定语从句.现在分词动名词a _ child一个正在睡觉的孩子a _ car一辆卧车a _ bird一只正在飞翔的鸟a _ course飞行课程a _ girl一个正在游泳的女孩a _ pool一个游泳池B. 与不定式作定语的区别现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作the house being built now (正在被建) the house to be built next year (将要被建) （练习）用定语从句改写下列各句1. The teacher teaching us English is Ms Zhou.=2. The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well.=3. The people sitting behind us are all teachers.=4. The expert coming from Lishui is a lady called Ms Cai.=Step4:-ing形式作表语：Your journey in Kenya is really exciting.What you did was disappointing.The nightmare I had last night was very frightening.现在分词作表语通常表示主语的属性和特征,相当于形容词,含有“令人.,其主语通常是物如：interesting使人感兴趣的 exciting令人激动的 delighting令人高兴的 disappointing令人失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的 puzzling令人费解的 satisfying令人满意的 surprising令人惊异的 worrying令人担心的区别：（1）动名词作表语My job is teaching. = Teaching is my job.Her full-time job is laying eggs.=Laying eggs is her full-time job.（2）现在分词作表语The play is exciting. Exciting is the play.The story he told us was very interesting. Interesting was the story he told us.Step5:-ing形式作宾语补足语1.I heard the girl singing in the classroom. 2. I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.3.The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.常见的两类接现在分词作宾补的动词：感官动词 see, hear, watch, find, feel, smell, observe, notice, look at, listen to等。使役动词have, keep, get, leave, make等。练习：1：Fill in the blanks with the verb given in its proper form.1. Sixty million people _ (live) in rural areas are moving to the cities every year.2. The bottle _ (contain) the poison was sent to the laboratory. 3. Our trip was _ (disappoint). We did not find any unusual plants.4. I saw them _(force) the door open with a hammer. 5. The news was _(shock). All the three boats had sunk in the storm.2：Multiple choice1.There was a terrible noise _the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed2. It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night.A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned3.The flowers _sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of name.A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt4. The old man, _abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked5. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket into a passenger.A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting6. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked7.The children stopped _as the teacher came in.A talk B to talk C talking D talked8.He is quite used _in all sorts of weather.A fly B to fly C to flying D to flied9 .Doctor Bethune went on _throughout the night.A work B worked C to work D working10.Your shoes are dirty. They need _badly.A wash B washed C to wash D washing11.The teacher spent a lot of time_me with my grammar.A help B to help C helped D helping12.It was raining hard, but we kept on _forward.A move B moved C moving D to move13.Please come early. Dont keep us_ for long.A wait B to wait C waiting D waited14.She suggested _for an outing next Sunday.A go B to go C going D gone15.Wang Lin insisted on_to work in the countryside.A be sent B sending C being sent D send16.Would your friend mind_a little more softly?A to speak B spoken C speaking D speak17.I dont feel like_to the movies.A go B to go C going D gone18.The shy girl doesnt like _at in public.A. laughing B. to laugh C. laughed D. being laughed19.I first considered _to him, but then decided _him.A writing; seeing B to write; to seeC writing; to see D to write; seeing20.Do you consider it better_?A not going B not go C not having gone D not to go111
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