资源描述
1116.He pretended to be reading an important paper when the boss entered. In fact, he did nothing to do with it.7.The t_ dug out of the earth was a box of gold coins.8.This old Chinese square table is a very valuable piece of f_.9.I have d_ about whether he is the best man for the job.10.The Great Wall is one of the w_ of the world.重点短语1. _ 调查 2. _serve as3. _ 属于4. _ 寻找5. _ 作为报答6. _ 处于交战状态7. _ rather than 8. _ search for sth9. _ tell the truth 10. _ search sp for sth11. _ in other words12. _ take apart13. _ think highly of14. _ cultural relics15. _ look much like16. _ in a trial小组合作探究课文理解True or False?1.In a trial, a judge should consider how each eyewitness looks.( )2.The judge cares only if the eyewitness has given useful information.( )3.A fact is something that over one person believes or has seen or done.( )4.All the people believe something is a fact when they are given much evidence.( )5.An opinion is good evidence in a trial.( )课文重点句子翻译1. 虽然摸起来像石头一样硬，可是加热后却很容易熔化。_2. The design for the room was of the fancy style popular in those days._3. 这间琥珀屋长约4米，用作接待重要来宾的小型会客室。_4. 后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。_5. However, before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were only able to remove the furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room._6. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. _7.A fact is anything that can be proved._8.An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved._全员探究Warming Up1. A cultural relic is something that has survived for a long time, often a part of something old that has remained when the rest of it has been destroyed; it tells people about the past.文化古迹是经历了很长时间而幸存下来的东西，常常是遭到破坏的古老东西遗留下的一部分。它告诉人们关于过去的事情。前部分分句中，often a part of something old作同位语，对something起补充说明作用。 (1) survive要点导航 survive vi.幸存，生存，继续存在（与from, on或as搭配）。例如：The man was very ill, but he survived. 这个人病得很厉害，可是他活下来了。The custom still survives. 这种风俗习惯还保存着。Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。I cant _. 一周40英镑，我无法维持生活。He survived as party leader until his second election defeat.直至第二次参选失败他才不再担任党的领导人。思维拓展 vt.幸免于，艰难度过。例如：The company managed to survive the crisis.公司设法渡过了危机。Many birds didnt survive the severe winter.很多鸟死于这次严冬。用survive的适当形式填空：The house survived_/_.那座房子在暴风雨中幸存了下来。 Do you believe the_ after death?你相信死后灵魂的存在吗？ How many_ in the accidents? 那次交通事故中有多少幸存者？ (2) remain要点导航 remain vi.剩余，遗留，残存。例如：Very little of the house remained after the fire.大火之后，这所房子所剩无几。The children ate and ate until no food _on the table.孩子们一直吃个不停，直到把桌上的东西吃得精光才罢休。There were only ten minutes_. 只剩下十分钟了。思维拓展 remain linking v.仍然是，保持（作联系动词，后接形容词、介词短语、分词、名词等作表语）。例如：The weather still remained cold in April,虽然已进入四月，天气仍然还很冷。The true author of the book remains unknown.那本书的真实作者依旧不祥。They remain good friends even though they entered different high schools. 他们虽进入不同的高中就读，感情依然很好。_.这个问题有待解决。问题探究 你知道remain和stay有什么区别吗？提示：remain和stay均可作实意动词和联系动词，区别如下： remain和stay作联系动词，指“保持某一状态”，二者可通用，但stay后常接形容词。例如：She remained/stayed silent. 她仍然保持沉默。Its going to stay cold for the next few days.在以后的几天里天气仍将寒冷。 作“停留，留下，逗留”解，remain较正式，常用于笔语；stay使用频率高于remain，多用于口语。例如：I shall stay/remain at home till tomorrow.我将在家里待到明天。How long will you remain/stay here? 你将在这儿待多久？ remain作“剩余，留存”、stay作“留宿，客居”之意解时，二者不可换。我们可以说：She stayed home 但是一般不说：She remained home.例如：A few apples have _on the tree.树上还剩下几个苹果。I stayed for three nights at the hotel.我在旅馆暂住了三夜。2.It is your job to look into any reports of cultural relics that have been found in China.你的工作是调查在中国发现的文化古迹的报告情况。该句中的It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。that从句为定语从句，先行词是cultural relics。要点导航 look into 调查（问题、罪行等）。例如：Police are looking into the disappearance of two children.警察在调查两个孩子失踪的事。A working party has been set up to look into the problem.已成立一个工作小组来调查这个问题。思维拓展 look into 注视的内部。例如：They stopped_. 他们停下来望房间里窥视。3. The man who has it insists that it belongs to his family.拥有这个花瓶的坚持说这是他家的。要点导航 belong to 属于；是的成员；是中的一部分（不用于进行时态）。例如：Who does this watch belong to? 这块表是谁的？_. 狮子和老虎属于猫科。思维拓展 belong vi.应被放置在，应处在（某处）。例如：Put that chair back where it belongs. 把椅子放回原处。Wild animals like this dont belong in a zoo-they should be allowed to go free. 这样的野生动物不应该在动物园里，应该放了它们，给它们自由。Pre-reading1. If you find a Cultural relic, what will you do with it? 如果你发现一件文物，你会怎么处理它呢？要点提示 句中的do with为：处理；利用。做处理讲时，可以与deal with 替换，不过，意义相同，但是，结构却不一样,试看下面的练习：同义句转换：What to do with the nuclear waste is a problem puzzling the scientists today. _ _ _ _ the nuclear waste is a problem puzzling the scientists today.Reading 问题探究 请翻译下面的句子： They are searching Smith. They are searching for Smith.2. Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such a strange history.普鲁士皇帝腓特烈威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人的大礼竟会有这样一段离奇的历史。(1) can/could have done要点导航 can/could have done 表示对过去发生的行为进行推测，常译为“可能”、“会”。一般用于否定句和疑问句。例如：He cant/couldnt have done it because he was an honest man.他不可能做这件事，因为他是个诚实的人。Can/Could the work have been finished on time?这项工作能按时完成吗？could have done还可用来表示责备或批评，常译作“本来可以”、“本来能”等。例如：You could have been more considerate.你本来可以更慎重些。_.他本来能够过关的，但是他却没努力学习。思维拓展 must have done常用于肯定句，意为“一定”、“肯定是”、“准是”。may/might have done意思是“可能”、“也许”、“说不定”，常用于否定句和肯定句中。例如：It must have been very late when I left the office.我离开办公室时，一定很晚了。She may/might not have met him last year when she was in America.她去年在美国时，或许没见过他。He may/might have heard it from Mary.他可能从玛丽那里听说了此事。 (2) gift要点导航 gift C 礼物。例如：The watch was a gift from my mother. 这块表是母亲给我的礼物。Thank you for your generous gift. 感谢你丰厚的礼物。辨析 gift和present这两个词都含有“礼物”之意，一般可以换用。gift 在语体上较为正式，带有一定的感情色彩，侧重送礼人的诚意；有时含有“捐赠”的意思。例如：This was given me as a birthday gift. 这是给我的生日礼物。The university received a gift of a million dollars.该大学得到了100万美元的捐赠。present 系普通用语，一般指值钱不多的礼物，表示朋友间互送礼物或下对上送礼的意思。例如：Each child brought a little present to the mother.每个孩子给母亲带来了一份礼物。归纳拓展gift还可以用来指“天赋”，“才能”这时不用present,如： He _ _ _ _ foreign language. 他有外语天才。 gifted adj. 有天赋的。如：She is a gifted musician.她是一个天才的音乐家。3. Although it feels as hard as stone, it easily melts when heated. 虽然摸起来像石头一样硬，可是加热后却很容易熔化。(1) feel要点导航 feel linking v.（摸上去）感觉是（接形容词，不用于进行时态和被动语态）。例如：The water feels warm. 这水摸上去很暖。思维拓展 feel linking v.觉得，感到，体会到。例如：_ 你有没有觉得好一点？His compliment made her feel good. 他的恭维让她觉得心里很舒服。 (2) when heated要点导航 when heated是when it is heated的省略形式。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句中有it is时，状语从句常采用省略形式。例如：He will not come unless (he is) invited.除非接到邀请，否则他不会来的。If (it is) possible, I will call on my teacher next month.如果可能的话，下个月我将去拜访我的老师。He hurriedly left the classroom as though (he was) angry.他好像生了气死的，急忙地离开了教室。问题探究 你能说出一些构成这种省略形式的连词吗？提示：when, while, until, once, where, than, if, unless, as if, as though, whetheror, whatever, wherever, whenever, however, whoever, etc.4. The design for the room was of the fancy style popular in those days. 屋子的设计是当时流行的极富艺术表现力的建筑式样。形容词短语popular in those days作后置定语，修饰style。(1)(be) of + 抽象名词要点导航 “(be) of + 抽象名词”表示所指事物的形状或特征，等于“(be) + 名词的形容词”，在句中作表语、定语及补足语。例如：The meeting is of great importance(=The meeting is very importance).这次会议很重要。We dont think there is anything of interest(=_) in your pictures. 我们认为你的画并没有什么有趣的地方。Youll find the map of little help(=_) to travelers.你会发现这幅地图对旅游者没有多大帮助。思维拓展 “be of a(n)/the same + 抽象名词”，表示某个方面是相同的、一样的，但这类抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式。常见的有：be of a(n)/the same age/size/weight/color /kind 年龄/大小/重量/颜色/种类等相同（一样）。例如：They are of the same age, but are of different height.他们年龄相同，但身高不一样。(2)fancy 要点导航 fancy adj.奇特的，异样的。例如：I just want a basic sports coat-nothing fancy.我只要一件简单的运动外衣不带什么特别装饰的。 思维拓展 fancy vt.想象，设想，爱好。用法如下： fancy sb. as/(to be) 想象是。例如：I cant fancy him as(to be) an English teacher.我无法想象他教英语会是什么样子。They fancy themselves clever, but in fact they are most stupid.他们自以为很聪明，其实他们是最愚蠢的。 fancy (sb.) doing 想象某人做（常用祈使句表示惊奇或震惊）。Fancy meeting you here! 想不到在这儿见到你了!Fancy James winning the competition! 真想不到詹姆斯比赛赢了！ fancy sth. 想要、做。Fancy a quick drink, Emma? 想很快地喝一杯吗，埃玛？I fancy a ride. 我很想乘车去兜兜风。5. The Amber Room was also made with gold and jewels.琥珀屋嵌装着金银珠宝。要点导航 jewel C 珠宝，宝石。例如：She wore beautiful jewels round her neck. 她脖子上戴着漂亮的宝石（项链）。Its a watch with 17 jewels. 这是块17钻手表。思维拓展 jewellery U 宝石，珠宝（集合名词）。例如：a piece of jewellery 一件首饰This ring is my most valuable piece of jewellery.这戒指是我珠宝中最贵的。Some of my jewellery is missing. 我有些珠宝不见了。6. In return, the Czar gave the king of Prussia 55 of his best soldiers. 作为回赠，沙皇把他55名最好的士兵送给了普鲁士国王。要点提示in return作为回报 in return for sth_She gave me food and clothing and asked for nothing in return.她给了我食物和衣服，没有要求任何回报。Can I buy you lunch in return for your help?感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？He taught me English, and I helped him with maths_ _.他帮我学英语，作为回报，我帮他数学。_ _ _his help, I bought him a gift.作为对他帮助的回报，我给他买了件礼物。归纳拓展in turn 依次，轮流，转而，反过来The price can affect production and production,_, can have an effect on the price. A. in return B. in turn C. in return for D. by turn. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which _ will promote its economic development.(06年山东)A. in nature B. in return C. in turn D. in fact7. About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors.这间琥珀屋长约4米，用作接待重要来宾的小型会客室。work/act/serve as担任，充当；reception hall会客厅，会客室。要点导航 reception U 接待，接收，招待；C 招待会，欢迎会。If you spoke their language, youd get a friendlier reception.如果你说的是他们的语言，你会受到更友好的接待。Please leave your key at_.请将你的钥匙留在接待处。A reception will be held in honour of the presidents visit.将举行招待会以欢迎总统来访。思维拓展 receive和accept辨析：receive只指客观“收到”，不涉及主观“接受”与否。它还有受到之意。例如：I received an invitation.我收到了请柬。The novel received great praise.这本小说备受赞扬。_她已经收到了他的礼物，但她是不会接受的。accept指主观同意“接受”，另外还有“承认”、“相信”之意。例如：I accepted the invitation.我接受了邀请。He has decided not to accept the job.他决定不接受这项工作。He accepts full responsibility for what happened.他承认对所发生的事负责任。8. Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to the palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到了圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。 要点导航 在“have sth. done”结构中，宾语sth.和后面的宾语补足语done是被动关系，表示“叫某人做某事，使某事得以完成”。例如：I had my hair cut yesterday. 昨天我理发了。If you wont get out, Ill have you arrested.如果你不滚出去，我就叫警察把你抓起来。思维拓展 “have sth. done”结构还有以下两种含义： 表示“请别人干什么事”。例如。I had my hair cut yesterday.我昨天理发了。表示“经历某事，遭受某事”，此时，句子强调的不是主语的意志，而是经历了某件事。例如：_. 昨天他的表被人偷了。Three famous parks in and around London had over 1,400 trees blown over.伦敦市内和郊区的三个著名的公园里有1400多颗树被刮倒。表示“允许或忍受某事发生”，用于否定句时，多与wont或cant连用，表示“拒绝接受或不允许某一局面”之意。例如：I wont have my house turned into a hotel.把我的家变成旅店，我不干。Is this the radio you want to have_? A. to repair B. repairing C. repaired D. to be repaired During the hurricane, many people had their houses_. A. destroyed B. destroying C. to be destroyed D. destroy 归纳拓展have+宾语+do 让某人做某事 have+宾语+doing让或使某人或某物不停的做某事或处于某种状态,有时也可以表示容忍某人做某事： Dont have the water_ like that-its a waste of money. A. run B. to run C. running D .ran Whom would you rather have_ with you to the theater tonight? A. gone B. going C. go D. to go9. In 1770, the room was completed the way she wanted it.1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。要点导航 the way she wanted是方式状语从句，the way的用法与连词相同，后面常常接that从句。in a way, in the way也有类似的用法。例如：Do it the way you were taught.要照教你的那样做。(the way=the way in which)I was never allowed to do things the way I wanted to do them.他们从不允许我按照自己的意愿行事。He was looking at her in a way that surprised her.他看着她的样子让她很惊讶。We have to make it work in the way that they want it to.我们必须按照他们的想法把事情办好。10. Almost six hundred candles lit the room. 将近600根蜡烛照亮了这个房间。要点提示light的用法很多，现总结如下：n. 光，光线（不可数名词） The oil lamp_ _ _ _. 那盏油灯发出微弱的光。n 灯(可数名词)When you leave, make sure you_ _ _ _. 当你离开时，务必把灯关掉。light vt.& vi.点火；点燃；照亮。用法如下：I lit another cigarette. 我又点燃一枝烟。The fire wont light. 火点不着。His bedroom was lit by a bare electric bulb.他的卧室用未加灯罩的电灯泡照明。 light up 照亮 After supper, he_ _ _ and sat in the sofa reading an evening paper.晚饭后，他点着一支雪茄，坐在沙发上看起了电视。adj .轻的；浅色的；天亮的 light blue 浅蓝色 It was not yet light when I got to school. 当我到学校时，天还没有亮。归纳拓展light 的过去式及过去分词有两种情况：lighted, lighted/lit, lit.一般lit 不作前置定语如：a _candle 一支燃着的蜡烛。在英语中还有这样的例子：learned He is a_（有学问的）young man 11Sadly, although the Amber room was one of the great wonders of the world, it is now missing. 可悲的是，虽然琥珀屋是世界上一件伟大而令人赞叹的奇品，可是现在却找不到了。 要点提示 wonder n. 奇迹；奇观（可数）；惊奇（不可数） _wonders 创造奇迹 no wonder 难怪 - -He is always the first to come and the last to leave.-_is no wonder he always takes the first place in class.A. It B. There C. That D. This vt. 想知道，纳闷 这时，该词后面可以接what/who/how when/where/why/whether+从句或动词不定式。vi.感到惊异，感到疑惑 We_ _ his hard diligence.我们叹服他的勤奋。12. This was a time when the two countries were at war.这是在两国交战的时期。句中time意为“一段时间”，后接when引导的定语从句。要点导航 at war 处于交战状态。 at war with 例如：In 1920 Poland and Russia were still at war.1920年，波兰和俄国仍在交战。At that time our country was at war with Japan.那时我国正和日本作战。思维拓展 at表示“处于状态”，构成以下常见短语：at ease 稍息，at risk 处于危险境地，at a disadvantage 处于不利地位，at lunch 在吃午饭，at rest 静止不动，at sea 在航海，at work 在工作，at school 在上学。at play_ at dinner_ at ones meal_13. However, before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were only able to remove the furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.尽管如此，在纳粹分子到达夏宫之前，俄国人只能把琥珀屋里的家具和小型艺术饰品搬走。(1) remove要点导航 remove vt.移动，搬开（常与to，from搭配）。例如：He removed his hand from her shoulder.他把手从她的肩膀上拿开。The patient was removed from the private room to a ward.那病人从单人房移到大病房了。思维拓展 remove和move辨析：remove作“移动，搬开”解为及物动词，指将某物从一处转移到别处，常用于书面语。作“迁移，移居”解为旧用法。例如：Reference books may not _the library.参考书不允许带出图书馆。 (2) furniture要点导航 furniture U （可移动的）家具。例如：a piece of furniture/an article of furniture 一件家具This old Chinese square table is a very valuable piece of furniture.这张旧的中国八仙桌是一件很珍贵的家具。_.我们以前几乎没有什么家具。思维拓展 furnish vt.装置（家具等）（常与with搭配）。例如：The apartment is well furnished.那间公寓家具齐全。The room was _the simplest essentials.房间里只布置了最简单的必需品。14. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时它是波罗的海边的一个德国城市。要点导航 There is no doubt that 毫无疑问（that从句为同位语从句，表示与之同位的no doubt的实际内容，同位语从句亦可由whether引导）。例如：There is no doubt that we will defeat them in the next game.毫无疑问，我们会在下次比赛中击败他们。There is some doubt whether he is the best man for the job.他是不是担任那项工作的最适当人选，有点疑问。思维拓展 doubt vt.怀疑，疑虑。常接宾语从句，在否定句和疑问句中，接that引导的从句；在肯定句中，接whether/if引导的从句。例如：I dont doubt that he is honest.我不怀疑他是诚实的。We doubt if he is honest.我们怀疑他是否诚实。I dont doubt_ _ _ _/_ _. 我不怀疑他是诚实的/他的诚实。There is_ _ that he is sure to succeed.毫无疑问他会赢。 这个句子还可以写为： _ _that he is sure to succeed.We dont doubt_ he is intelligent.(We are sure that he is intelligent) 我们对他的才智没有怀疑。Learning about Language1. The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and moving it away.那位老人看到一些德国人拆毁了琥珀屋，把它运走了。taking apart the Amber Room和moving it away均为现在分词短语，作宾语补足语。要点导航 take apart 把拆开。例如：We had to take the engine apart. 我们不得不卸下引擎。Take the bike apart and try to repair it this morning.请拆开这自行车并设法于今天上午修好。思维拓展 apart adv.分离；分别地。apart from 例如：She lives apart from her parents.她和父母分开住。The two plants are three miles apart.这两座工厂相隔三英里。We should consider this problem _others.我们应该将这个问题与其他的分开来考虑。Using Language1. The judge does not consider how each eyewitness looks or where that person lives or works.法官并不考虑证人的长相如何，也不考虑这个人住在哪里，在哪里工作。要点导航 consider vt.考虑，细想。用法如下： consider + sth.考虑某事。We considered his suggestion. 我们考虑了他的建议。 consider doing sth.考虑做某事。Having you considered using the lab in your free class? 你有没有考虑过在可以自由活动的课上利用这个实验室呢？I considered going to see Paul in winter.我考虑过在冬天去看保罗。 consider + wh-clasue/疑问词 + to do sth.考虑。We considered how we should help them.我们仔细考虑该如何帮他们。We have considered how to do a tomato experiment.我们已经考虑过如何做西红柿实验的问题。Have you considered _ _ _tomorrow? 你考虑了明天做什么了吗？ I first considered_ him a letter, but later I considered _ _ _ _to see him for myself. 我起初考虑着给他写封信，但我后来认为有必要亲自去看看他。思维拓展 consider vt.认为，觉得。常构成以下结构： consider sb./sth. + (to be) adj./n. 认为。I consider it a great honor.我认为这是极大的荣幸。We consider it (to be ) true.我们认为这是真实的。 consider it + adj./n. + to do 认为做某事。 She considers it impolite to talk while eating.她认为边吃边说话是不礼貌的。 consider sb./sth.as 认为是。Liz Quinn was considered (as) an excellent teacher.莉兹奎因被认为是一位优秀的教师。 consider + that-clause 认为。We consider that the driver is not to blame.我们认为这不是司机的过错。注意：consider作为及物动词，其后面形式虽灵活，但不能直接接不定式作宾语。 （1）consideration n.考虑 _further consideration进一步的考虑 take sth._ consideration 把某事考虑在内 （2）considering 鉴于，考虑到；这时，看起来considering作状语，而分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语并不一致。如： _ _, he is the right person to do the job. 考虑到各种因素，他是做这件工作的合适人选。问题探究 consideras表示“把当作，认为是”之意，你能说出几个它的同义短语吗？_ _ _ _ _2. The judge cares only whether the eyewitness has given useful information, which must be facts, rather than opinions.法官所考虑的只是目击者是否提供了有用的信息，它必须是事实，而不是看法。which引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰information。rather than在定语从句中连接两个表语。
展开阅读全文