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111Unit 3Life in the future教 材 面 面 观单词拓展1._n印象；感想；印记_vt.给以印象；使铭记；压印_adj.给人印象深刻的2_adj.时常发生的；连续不断的_adv.不断地_n坚定性；持久性3_adj.在前的；早先的_adv.在前地4_n指导；向导；导游vt.指引；指导_n指引；指导；领导5_n乘客员；服务员_n女乘务员6_n周围的事物；环境adj.周围的7_vt.容忍；忍受_n忍受；宽恕_adj.忍受的；容忍的；有耐力的8_n调整；调节；校正_v调整；调节_adj.可调整的，可校准的9_vi. & vt.按压；逼迫n按；压；印刷；新闻_adj.被压的_adj.紧急的；急迫的_n压力；压；挤10_adj.乐观(主义)的_n乐观(主义)_n乐观(主义)者11_n瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的_adv.立刻，立即conj.一(就)12_adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的_n贪心；贪婪_adv.贪婪地13_vt.回收利用；再利用14_n代表；典型人物adj.典型的；有代表性的_v代表；代理；描绘；描述15_n定居；解决_vt.安排；料理；调停；解决短语回顾1.take_拿起；接受；开始；继续2_sight of. 看不见3speed_ 加速4_sb.around 领某人参观5in_time 立刻6be_on ones feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原7sweep_ 打扫；横扫8_repair 在修建中9_sb.for 因而责怪某人10slide_ 移动；溜进句型背诵1._ about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.我很担心这次旅行，所以头几天我心里总是不踏实。2I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached _ looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying in all directions.当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。3At first my new surroundings were_ _ _.开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。4_ _a lack of fresh air，my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。5Arriving home, he showed me into a _ _， _ room.回到家之后，他把我带到一个明亮而洁净的大房间。6_，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，偷偷地爬上床就睡着了。自我诊断单词拓展1impression；impress；impressive2.constant；constantly；constancy3.previous；previously4.guide；guidance5.steward；stewardess6.surrounding7.tolerate；tolerance；tolerant8.adjustment；adjust；adjustable9.press；pressed；pressing；pressure10.optimistic；optimism；optimist11.instant；instantly12.greedy；greed；greedily13.recycle14.representative；represent15.settlement；settle短语回顾1up2.lose3.up4.show5.no6.back7.up8.under9.blame10.into句型背诵1Worried2.what3.difficult to tolerate4.Hit by5.large bright, clean6.Exhausted考 点 串 串 讲重点单词1.previous adj.以前的；早先的previous to.在前；先于(to为介词)No previous experience is necessary for this job.这一工作无需相关的经验。Previous to this, shed always been ill.这以前，她身体一向不好。用法拓展previously adv.先前地；以前地The world record was previously held by a Spanish athlete.这项世界纪录以前是由一位西班牙运动员保持的。即境活用用previous的正确形式填空She has two children from a _ marriage.It was time to interview the farmer, for whom I had _ worked._ to her departure, she gave a big party.答案：previouspreviouslyPrevious2bend v弯曲；专心于；屈服n弯曲Is it possible to bend nature to human will?有可能让大自然服从人类的意志吗？He bent his mind to the research project.他全力以赴地做这个研究课题。There is a sharp bend in the river.河流中有一个急转弯。归纳延伸bend down弯身bend towards/across弯腰朝bend the truth歪曲事实bend.to.迫使bend ones mind/efforts/thoughts to集中精力于，专心致志于即境活用单项填空As there are cars and buses passing by, I couldnt _ my mind to my study.AbendBputCfix Dconcentrate翻译句子他俯下身来对我耳语。(bend towards)_这个男孩正专心致志地看科幻小说。(bend ones mind to)_答案：AHe bent towards me and whispered in my ear.The boy is bending his mind to the science fiction.3master n主人；雇主；大师；硕士adj.主人的；熟练的；高明的；主要的vt.征服；控制；精通He was a master of English style.他是一位英文文体大师。The sculpture of a group of heroes in the centre of the city square shows a master hand.市中心广场的英雄群像的雕塑显示了高超的艺术。French was a language he had never mastered.法语这门语言他一直没有学好。归纳延伸n. be your own master自己当老板，自己做主be master of完全控制，掌握adj. master chef/craftsman一流的厨师/工匠v. master ones fear控制恐惧即境活用完成句子They lived _(惧怕他们的人)You should be _(对自己的未来做主)_(手段高明的窃贼)was finally caught by him.答案：in fear of their mastermaster of your futureThe master thief4instant adj.立即的；即刻的n片刻；顷刻(1)an instant reply/response立即回答(2)an instant death猝死(3)at that instant在那瞬间(4)for an instant一瞬间(5)on the instant立即；即时(6)the instant(that)一就(as soon as)(7)for instance例如(8)instantly adv.立即地conj.一就(as soon as)I took an instant dislike to him.我一见他就不喜欢他。The instant I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for.我一看到他就认出他正是警方在寻找的那个人。You cant rely on her，for instance, she arrived an hour late for an important meeting yesterday.她这个人靠不住。举例说吧，昨天一个重要会议她就迟到了一小时。即境活用单项填空He telephoned her _ he came home. Which of the following is wrong?Ainstant BinstantlyCthe instant Dimmediately答案：A5impression n印象；感想；印记They say that first impressions are very important.据说第一印象很重要。用法拓展(1)make/leave a/an. impression on sb.给某人留下印象(2)make no impression on sth.对某事无影响(3)his impression of herher impression on him她给他留下的印象(4)impress vt.“使(某人)印象深刻；使铭记；打动”(5)impress.on/upon.使铭记(6)impress sth. on ones mind让某人牢记某事(7)impress sb. with sth.使对留有深刻印象(8)be impressed by/with被深深打动/感动(9)impressive adj.给人印象深刻的；感人的His speech made quite an impression on the audience.他的演说给听众留下了相当好的印象。The teacher impressed the importance of English on/upon me.老师让我铭记(向我强调)英语的重要性。The girl impressed her fiances family with her liveliness and sense of humour.姑娘又活泼又富有幽默感，未婚夫家人十分喜欢她。We are very impressed with/by the standard of the childrens works.这些儿童作品水平之高，给我们留下了深刻印象。即境活用单项填空The speech The Change We Need made by the Barack Obama before the final election is strongly impressed _ my memory.AtoBoverCby DonWhy do you suggest Guilin?I believe _ beauty of _ nature there will make _ excellent impression upon the tourists.Aa; the; an Bthe; the; anCthe; /; the Dthe; /; an答案：DD6lack vi. & vt.缺乏；没有n缺乏；短缺的东西Hes good at his job but he seems to lack confidence.他擅长于自己的工作，但似乎缺乏信心。The plants died through/for lack of water.植物因缺水而枯死。用法拓展(1)have no lack of.不缺乏(2)lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时常与介词for或in连用。(3)lack (for) sth.缺少(4)be lacking (in) sth.缺少(5)for/by/from/through lack of因缺乏，因没有(6)(a)lack of.方面的短缺We cant walk any further for lack of strength.我们因缺乏力气不能再走了。Nowadays, many children have no lack of toys.当今许多孩子并不缺乏玩具。Being lacking in experience. He lost the job.他因缺乏经验而失去这项工作。A lack of food caused her to grow weak.缺少食物导致她长得很弱。We still lack the necessary information.我们仍缺少必要的信息。易混辨析lack/shortage与be short oflack/shortage与be short of都可以表示“缺乏，没有”(1)lack可作为一个通用性名词，意指整体或局部的不足。(2)shortage在表示局部欠缺方面与lack同义，但它在指固定的、必须的或一般习惯量的总数不足时，比lack所表示的不足更甚。(3)lack(或通常用be lacking in)常与抽象名词连用；当谈及物体和物质时，be short of比lack更常用。在这类句子中如用lack，就显得非常正式。They are so rich that they lack for nothing.他们非常富裕，什么也不缺。There was a severe shortage of petroleum during the war.战争期间石油严重短缺。The teacher said that the child lacked/was lacking in confidence.老师说这孩子缺乏信心。We are short of sugar/apples.我们缺少糖/苹果。即境活用单项填空Though _ money, he managed to start his own business.Alacked Blacking ofClacking Dlacked of答案：C7switch n开关；转换vt.转换Which switch do I press to turn it off?我按哪个开关能把它关了？He used to play tennis, but now hes switched to golf.他过去常常打网球，但是现在改打高尔夫球了。用法拓展(1)switch off把(电灯或电器)关掉，关上；不听；不理不睬(2)switch to变换到(3)switch on把开关打开；接通(4)switch out关上When I heard the word“football”， I switched off.我听见“足球”两个字就腻味。Please switch the lights off as you leave.你离开的时候请把灯关了。即境活用单项填空We made a _ in our plan to go swimming when it started to rain.AturnBswitchCpoint Dexchange答案：B重点短语1.catch sight of 瞥见Father didnt draw the curtains apart for fear that I would catch sight of him.父亲没把窗帘拉开害怕我会看见他。Dont let me catch sight of you doing it again!别让我再看到你干这种事了！I caught sight of her out of the corner of my eye.我用眼一瞟，看见了她。归纳延伸lose sight of看不到in sight看得见out of sight看不见与catch相关的短语：catch up with赶上catch fire着火catch a hold of抓住catch a glimpse of瞥见catch the bus 赶车be caught in被围困；被钩住catch cold患感冒catch sb. doing撞见某人正在做(不好的事)catch ones eye/attention引起注意即境活用请选择以上短语填空Helen let out a cry when she _a snake.There is no need to seek carefully chosen words and phrases to _(吸引读者的注意)We should _advanced world technical levels.答案：caught sight ofcatch the readers eyecatch up with2assist in帮助；协助We all assisted in mending the roof.我们都帮助修理屋顶。We asked him to assist us in designing a new bridge.我们请他帮助我们设计一座新桥。We are looking for people who would be willing to assist in the groups work.我们正寻找愿意协助这个团体工作的人。归纳延伸assist sb.协助某人assist in协助做某事assist sb. in/with sth.协助某人做某事assist sb. in doing sth.易混辨析assist, help与aidassist强调在提供帮助时，以受助者为主，所给的帮助起第二位或从属的作用，常译为“协助”。help最普通用词，含义广泛。指一般性的或迫切需要的帮助，侧重积极地为他人提供物质、精神或其他方面的帮助。如：help sb.帮助某人She might be able to help us.她有可能帮我们的忙。help to do帮忙做某事By helping them we are helping to save ourselves.靠帮助他们来帮助我们拯救自己。help sb. (to) do帮助某人做某事A short while ago, my sister helped me to carry one of my old bookcase up the stairs.片刻之前，我妹妹帮我把我的一只旧书橱抬上了楼。help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事Do you mind helping me with this?你能帮我一下吗？aid为正式用词，主要指帮助他人脱离危险或战胜困难，侧重强调对急需帮助的弱者的帮助。如：aid sth.帮助，有助于A good dictionary can aid language learning.一部好词典有助于语言学习。aid sb. with sth.帮助某人某事I aided him with money.我资助了他。aid sb. to do帮助某人做某事I aided her to continue her research.我帮助她继续她的研究。即境活用完成句子They are _ their enquiries(配合警方的询问)We will _ somewhere to live(帮你找个住的地方)The nurse _(在手术室帮助医生)答案：assisting the police with assist you in findingassisted the doctor in the operating room3sweep up打扫；横扫The fallen leaves were swept up into the air by strong north wind.落叶被强劲的北风吹到了空中。用法拓展在英语中有很多由up这个小尾巴构成的动词词组，它们的含义十分丰富，要想较快较准确地记住这些词组的含义，还得从up身上进行研究，总结出一些易记的规律。当up出现在以下动词后面的时候，表示完全、彻底、完、光。如：burn up烧尽/drink up喝光/finish up结束/eat up吃光/use up用光/sit up熬夜/cut up歼灭当up出现在以下动词后面的时候，没有具体含义，用以加强语气。如：light up点着/clean up打扫干净/come up出现/turn up出现/clear up整理/get up起床/hold up举起/sweep up横扫当up出现在以下这些动词后面的时候，表示(在时间上、程度上)赶上，达到之意。如：catch up赶上/keep up保持/make up弥补/go up上升/build up树立/speed up加速/bring up抚养成人即境活用单项填空Lets _ the dust from the ground.Abuild upBset upCkeep up Dsweep up答案：D4speed up 加速Wed better speed up if we want to be on time.我们如果想要准时赶到，最好加快速度。The new system will speed up the registration process.该项新制度将加快注册过程。用法拓展(1)speed by很快地过去，飞逝(2)with speed快速地(3)at a speed of以的速度(4)at full/top/high speed全速地/最高速(5)pick up speed 加速(6)gather speed加速The weeks sped by and soon it was time to go back to school.几个星期转眼就过去了，很快又到了开学的时候。The police car is running at a speed of 100 miles pre hour to chase after the truck ahead of it.警车以每小时一百英里的速度追赶前面那辆卡车。即境活用单项填空The Internet is widely used, which _ the development of English.Aspeeds upBtakes overCgets across Dturns toI drove my car _ a speed of 150 kilometers an hour this afternoon. It was great fun.Did you go crazy. You could have killed yourself.Aat BforCwith Don答案：AA5remind sb. of sth.使某人回想起或意识到The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。Remind me to write to mother.提醒我给妈妈写信。Please remind me that I must call her up before nine.请提醒我九点前给她打个电话。用法拓展remind sb. of sth.提醒某人，使某人想起remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人去做某事remind sb.that从句提醒某人remind sb. when/how/what etc提醒即境活用翻译句子谁能告诉我下一步该做什么？_他的话语让我想起了假期我们一起做的事情。_他提醒我晚上准时去听演讲。_答案：Can someone remind me what I should do next?His words remind me of what we did together during the holiday.He reminds me to attend the lecture on time this evening.6lose sight of.看不见They stood by the sea till they lost sight of the ship.他们一直站在海边，直到看不见那条船了。用法拓展lose ones sight丧失视力，失明at the sight of.一看见at first sight乍看一下；乍一看in the sight of sb./in sb.s sight依某人的意见；在某人看来keep sight of./kept.in sight看住；监视in sight看得见(within sight)out of sight，out of mind眼不见，心不烦catch/get/have sight of看见；瞥见lose sight of看不见；失明out of sight在视线外；看不见out of sight of在看不见的地方in/within sight of在看得见的地方come into sight/view在视野内have near/short sight近视be nearsighted近视have good/poor sight视力好(差)Success is in sight.成功在望。We fell in love with the smart cellphone at first sight，but much to our regret，it was too dear.我们一眼就看上了那部精致的手机，但非常遗憾，它太贵了。When I passed by the shop，I caught sight of the skirt in its window.我经过那家商店时，看见了展示在橱柜内的这条裙子。即境活用单项填空At first_，the bag seems made of real leather，but actually it is just an imitation.Asight BlookCappearance Dview答案：A重点句式1.I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying in all directions.当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。what looked like a large market是宾语从句，充当reached的宾语。what在宾语从句中作主语，表示地点。考点归纳what引导名词性从句(包括主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句)时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，有时可不必译出，因为没有准确的汉语意思和它相吻合，但它在从句中充当的成分决定了它独一无二的位置。What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.过去认为不可能的事现在已成为现实。(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)China is no longer what it used to be.中国已不再是过去的样子。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语)That they won the game was what we had expected.他们赢得了这场比赛，这正是我们所期盼的。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作宾语)What you say must be suited to what you do.你必须言行一致。(第一个what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语；第二个what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语)易混辨析that和what在作名词性从句的练习时，我们经常会碰到对what与that进行辨析的情况。(1)what作连词时，它本身必须是名词性从句中的一个成分，即充当主语、宾语或表语。(2)that作连词时，它在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，没有具体含义，在宾语从句中，甚至还常被省略。The teacher finally understood what had happened.那位教师最后明白发生了什么事。That Mathilde lived an unhappy life for ten years moved us to tears.玛蒂尔德过了十年的不开心生活，这使我们感动得热泪盈眶。People all over the world know (that) the Great Wall was built by the Chinese working people.全世界人民都知道长城是由中国劳动人民建造的。2Arriving home, he showed me into a large bright, clean room.回到家之后，他把我带到一个明亮而洁净的大房间。a large bright, clean room“一个明亮而洁净的大房间”考点归纳多个词修饰名词，其顺序通常如下：限观形令色国材。(1)限指限定词，如冠词、数词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词(2)观指表示观点的描绘性形容词，如beautiful, pretty, handsome, tiresome, ugly等(3)形指形状、大小，如big, large, huge, small, tiny, little, long, short, round, square等(4)令指年龄，如young, old等(5)色指颜色，如black, blue, pink等(6)国指国籍，如Chinese, Japanese, American, British等描述国家的形容词(7)材指材料、质地等，如wood, silk, paper, steel, plastic等I once visited a beautiful little white Chinese wood bridge.我曾经参观过一座美丽的中国小白木桥。We all have had a good time in the last few sunny days.在过去为数不多的阳光明媚的日子里我们玩得很开心。即境活用单项填空How was your recent visit to Beijing?It was great. We visited some stadiums of Olympics and spent the _ days in the Birds Nest.Alast few brightBfew last brightCbright last few Dlast bright fewThere is a _ cup on the table.Anice new big plasticBnew plastic big niceCnice big new plasticDnew nice plastic big答案：AC3While I was observing them, the path moved us on.当我还在观察时，运送带又向前移动了。while引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作与从句的情况同时进行或发生。注意：while在引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语动词只能是表状态的词或延续性动词，而不能用瞬间动词。如：I picked up English while I was studying in England.我在英国学习期间学会了英语。用法拓展while还有下列意义：(1)(表时间)趁着；(2)(表让步)尽管(相当于although)；(3)(表示对比)然而(相当于whereas)；(4)(表示条件)只要(相当于as long as)Strike the iron while it is hot.趁热打铁。While I understand you, I dont agree with you.尽管我理解你，可我不同意你的观点。I am fond of pop music while my parents like classical music.我喜欢流行音乐而我父母喜欢古典音乐。4I have to constantly rub my eyes to remind myself that I have travelled to the year AD 3005.我不得不经常地揉眼睛，以提醒自己我已经旅行来到公元3005年了。(1)rub v擦，摩擦。如：He rubbed out the writing.他擦去写的字。(2)constantly adv.经常地，反复地。如：His report was constantly interrupted by applause.他的报告频频被掌声打断。constant adj.经常的，不变的，忠贞的。如：I am Jays constant fan and supporter.我是周杰伦忠实的粉丝和支持者。(3)remind vt.使记住，提醒；使想起；使记起。如：He reminded me that I hadnt replied to his letter.他提醒我还没给他回信。即境活用翻译句子他点了点头，然后疲倦地揉了揉眼睛。(rub)_时尚总是日新月异。(constantly)_这个房间温度保持恒定。(constant)_答案：He nodded and then rubbed his eyes tiredly.The fashion is always constantly changing.The temperature in this room remains constant.5I got lost when we reached what looked like a large market because of the people flying by in all directions.由于人们朝四面八方飞去，当我到达看上去像个大市场的地方时我迷失了。(1)what引导的宾语从句做reach的宾语。如：I dont know what you mean.我不明白你什么意思。(2)look like强调外表看上去如何。如：What does your sister look like?你姐姐长什么样子？She is tall and very beautiful.她很高，长得很漂亮。易混辨析be like强调一个人的外貌，品质；也可问天气如何。如：Whats your sister like?你姐姐怎么样？/你姐姐是怎样一个人？She is kind.她很善良。(3)in all directions朝四面八方in the direction of朝方向in sb.s direction朝某人的方向in the opposite direction朝相反的方向under the direction of在指导下即境活用介词填空Help came _ a totally unexpected direction.He was surprised _ the direction his career had taken._ the direction of Larry, the project goes well.答案：fromatUnder6The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink，which made us sleepy，our eyes closed.座椅很舒服，喝了一杯镇静的饮料后，我们昏昏欲睡，闭上了眼睛。our eyes closed是独立主格结构，“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。“独立主格结构”实质就是带有自己主语的非限定性状语从句。如：The test finished，we began our holiday.考试结束了，我们开始放假。Weather permitting，we will go camping tomorrow.天气允许的话，我们明天去野营。即境活用单项填空The murderer was brought in，with his hands_behind his back.Abeing tied Bhaving tiedCto be tied Dtied_yesterday，we went out for a walk.AAs a fine dayBIt was a fine dayCIt being a fine dayDFor it was a fine dayAll things_，the plan of the trip will have to be called off.Abe considered BconsideredCconsidering Dhaving considered答案：DCB7There hovering carriages float above the ground and by bending and pressing down on the driving stick strongly one can move swiftly.这些气垫车是在地面上漂浮着的，只要用力把操纵杆弯下或压下，你就可以迅速地移动。(1)by doing常表示方式，方法或手段。如：She earned money by selling newspapers.她靠卖报纸挣钱。What do you mean by saying that to me?你给我说那些话什么意思？(2)swiftly adv.迅速地，敏捷地。如：He walked swiftly towards home down the dark street.他沿着黑暗的街道迅速地走回家去。swift adj.迅速的，快的，敏捷的。如：Bolt is really a swift runner.博尔特真是个跑得很快的人。易混辨析swift，fast，rapid，speedy与quickswift指运动的流畅性与稳定性；也指动作的轻盈。如：a swift current稳定的电流The cheetah is the swiftest of animals.猎豹是最轻捷的动物。fast和rapid通常可以互换，然而fast更多指运动中的人或物，而rapid指相关的活动或运动。如：a fast car飞驰的汽车rapid development快速的发展speedy指速度快或指快速或匆忙。如：We hoped for a speedy resolution to the problem.我们期待着问题的快速解决。quick 大多指花费极少时间，也可指反应或动作的敏捷。如：Lets eat a quick snack.让我们吃一顿快餐吧！即境活用单项填空_my watch，the time is eleven.AIn BByCFrom DOnFarmers can increase their corn crops three times simply_watering their fields.Athrough BwithCby Din答案：BC8Worried about the journey，I was unsettled for the first few days.我很担心这次旅行，所以头几天我心里总是不踏实。worried about the journey为形容词短语充当原因状语。相当于原因状语从句because I was worried about the journey。分词作状语时，过去分词表示与句子主语为被动关系；现在分词表示与句子主语为主动关系。如：Left alone in the d
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