资源描述
111Unit 1 Festival around the worldPart 1 Teaching Design第一部分 教学设计Period 2 A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language(Modal verbs: may/ might, can/ could, will/ would, shall/ should, must/ cant)IntroductionIn this period students will be first helped by the teacher to discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions, and then to discover and learn to use the following useful structures: may/ might, can/ could, will/ would, shall/ should, must/ cant. The following steps of teaching may be taken: Warming up，Learning about grammar and Closing down by doing a quiz.ObjectivesTo help students learn about Modal verbsTo help students discover and learn to use some useful words and expressionsTo help students discover and learn to use some useful structuresProcedures1. Warming up by discovering useful words and expressionsTurn to page 4 and do exercises No. 1, 2 and 3. Check your answers against your classmates. 2. Reading and findingTurn to page 1 and read the text of FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS. As you read, find out examples of may/ might, can/ could, will/ would, shall/ should, must/ can used in the sentences. 3. Doing exercises No. 1, 2 and 3 on page 5Turn to page 5 and do the exercises No. 1, 2 and 3 in groups of four. 4. Study the uses of Modal verbsNext we go on to make a careful study of all the modal verbs. （用原版）ModalsWords like can, will, may, must, and a few others are called modals. Modal auxiliary verbs help other verbs express a meaning or an idea. Some common uses of the modals are these:Ability: He can speak English now.He couldnt speak English a year ago.Im not able to come to the game on Friday.Permission: All passengers may now board.We can board now.Obligation: You must fasten your seat belts. (strong)You should pay attention. (weak)You out to pay attention.Possibility: It may rain.How could I forget an import thing like that?He cant /must have known the result.Meanings similar to those of the modals can often be conveyed by real verb forms:He has to =mustis able to speak English. =canis allowed to =mayis supposed to =should(be) able toability, less used than cane.g. Im not able to come to the game on Friday.canabilitye.g. Can you play the piano?asking for and giving permissione.g. “Mom, can I go the cinema tonight?”“No, you cant. You have homework to do”offere.g. Can I help you?request, instructione.g. Can you switch on the light for me?capabilitye.g. The summers in England can be really unpredictable.with be to make criticismse.g. Susan can be a real pain in the neck at times.cantability e.g. I cant come to the game on Friday.when you feel sure something is not possible (opposite of must)e.g. The tennis match cant be over yet. (Im sure it isnt).couldpossibility or uncertainty (can also use might)e.g. He could be the one for you!request (more polite than can)e.g. Could you switch on the light for me?suggestion e.g. We could go on a picnic this afternoon. asking for and giving permission e.g. “Could I use your phone?” “Yes, of course you can”unwillingness e.g. I couldnt possibly leave Tom alone while hes in this state. with comparative adjectives to express possibility or impossibility e.g. I could be fitter.e.g. He couldnt study harder.had betterstrong advice (less used than should) e.g. Youd better do the washing up now. e.g. Id better not go out tonight, because I have to get up early tomorrow.mayto express although in clauses e.g. I may be married to you, but that doesnt give you the right to treat me like dirt. possibility or uncertainty (formal) e.g. There may be a cure for AIDS within the next ten years. asking for and giving permission (less usual, more formal) e.g. “May I use your phone?”“Yes, of course you may”may as well/might as welldescribes the only thing left to do, something which the speaker is not enthusiastic about e.g. Im so bored, I may as well do some housework. mightpossibility or uncertainty e.g. There might be a cure for AIDS within the next ten years. unreal situatione.g. If I knew her better, I might invite her to the ball. mustwhen you feel sure something is true (opposite of cant)e.g. The tennis match must be over by now. (Im sure it is).necessity, personal feelings e.g. I havent spoken to Liz for ages. I must give her a call. order, strong suggestion e.g. You must stop smoking or youll get lung cancer. shallcertainty or desire (mainly British English) e.g. I shall give up chocolate for Lent. in formal rules and regulations (mainly British English) e.g. Racism or sexism shall not be tolerated in this building. in questions to ask for instructions and decisions, and to make offers and suggestions (mainly British English) e.g. What shall I do? When shall we come and see you?Shall we go to the cinema this evening?shantcertainty (less usual, mostly British English)e.g. I shant be late for the meeting.shouldexpectation (can use ought to) e.g. If you like Picasso, you should enjoy the exhibition. suggestion, advice, opinion (can use ought to) e.g. You should have more driving lessons before you take the test. when something is not right or as you expect ite.g. The price on this can of beans is wrong. It should say $1.20, not $2.20.criticism (can use ought to) e.g. You shouldnt shout at your mother like that. uncertainty e.g. Should I ask her out on a date? should + words of thinking, to make an opinion less direct e.g. I should think he could find a more compatible match. with be and adjectives describing chance, including odd, strange, typical, natural, interesting, surprised, surprising, funny (=odd) and What a coincidence.e.g. Its odd that he should ask you so many personal questions.after in case to emphasise unlikelihood e.g. Im not going out tonight in case she should call me. If.shoulde.g. If Jane should drop by when I am out, tell her to come back later.polite order or instruction e.g. Applications should be sent by 3rd January. willassumption e.g. Oh, thatll be John on the phone. request (can and could are more common)e.g. Will you go to the shop for me?intention or willingness e.g. “Ill take grans pearls then”. “You wont!”“I will!”order e.g. Will you please shut up? insistence e.g. “I wont clean my room!” “Yes you will!”habits and typical behaviour e.g. Sarah will sit and gaze at the stars all night. criticism e.g. She will drink too much when she goes out. wontemphatically forbid an action, in response to a will expression e.g. “Ill take grans pearls then”. “You wont!”“I will!”refusal e.g. “I wont clean my room!” “Yes you will!”wouldrequest (can and could are more common) e.g. Would you go to the shop for me? would like - offer/invitation e.g. Would you like a cup of tea? after be, followed by adjectives doubtful, unlikely, to emphasise a tentative action e.g. Its doubtful that he would be there in time of need. annoying habit, typical of a person e.g. She would ask me for money, wouldnt she? certainty in a suppressed conditional sentence e.g. I would never agree to that. (even if he asked me) wouldntcertainty in a suppressed conditional sentence e.g. I wouldnt agree to that. (even if he asked me.) 5. Closing down by doing a quizTo end the period you are going to take a quiz on modal verbs: can, could, may and mightUse one ofthe modal verbs in brackets to fill each gap:1They (can/might)_ be away for the weekend but Im not sure.2You (may/might)_ leave now if you wish.3(Could/May)_ you open the window a bit, please?4He (can/could)_ be from Sheffield, judging by his accent.5(May/Can)_ you swim?6Listen, please. You (may not/might not)_ speak during this exam.7They (cant/may not)_ _ still be out!8You (couldnt/might not)_ smoke on the bus.9With luck, tomorrow (can/could)_ be a cooler day.10You (can/might)_ be right but Im going back to check the times.Keys: 15 might, may, Could, could, Can;610:may, cant, couldnt, could, might111
展开阅读全文