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111班级_姓名_层次_ Unit11 The Media （7）Grammar:动名词的用法Tips: A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲学习目标：掌握动名词的用法 A级 学习重点：动名词的作用C级学习难点：动名词的形式的掌握B级学习过程：语法解析-动名词（A级）一、 定义动名词由动词原形+ing构成，具有名词，动词一些特征。是一种非谓语动词，不能充当谓语，但有时态和语态的变化。二、动名词的作用动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等1、作主语Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。【注意】也可用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。例如：It is no use/no good/useless crying over spilt milk. 洒掉了牛奶，再哭也没用。It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。2、作表语动名词作表语时,表示主语的内容。主语与表语可互换位置。Your task is cleaning the windows. (=Cleaning the windows is your task.) 你的任务就是擦窗户。What I hate most is being laughed at. (=Being laughed at is what I hate most.) 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。3、作宾语（1）作动词的宾语常见的只能用动名词作宾语的动词有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannot help, cant stand, imagine, keep, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, suggest,等。例如：I enjoy watching TV.我喜欢学习英语。I am considering making a study plan.我正在考虑制定一个学习计划。（2）作介词的宾语put off,keep on,depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, think of, give up,worry about, burst out, insist on, be used to, get used to, devoteto, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to 例如：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？4、作定语动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。例如：*a walking stick a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking*a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing*a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading三、动名词的形式 主动式 被动式 一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done1、动名词的一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生或稍后发生；完成式表示动作先于谓语动词发生。Would you mind my opening the window?你介意我打开窗户吗？I am sorry for having given you so much trouble. 我非常抱歉给你带来如此多的麻烦。（先“给带来麻烦”再说“抱歉” ）They were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.他们因提前完成工作而受到表扬。（先“完成”再受到“表扬” ）2.动名词的语态主要看与逻辑主语的关系，如果逻辑主语是动名词的执行者就用主动语态，是承受者就用被动语态。I enjoy listening to English songs.我喜欢听英文歌曲。（“我”与“听”是主动关系）No one likes being laughed at in public.没有人喜欢在公共场合被嘲笑。（“人”与“嘲笑”是被动关系）I am sorry for having given you so much trouble. 我非常抱歉给你带来了如此多的麻烦。（“我”与“给你麻烦”是主动关系，并且先“给带来麻烦”再说“抱歉” ）I remembered having been taken to Beijing three times. 我记得自己曾被带到北京三次。（“我”与“带”是被动关系，并且先“被带”再“记得” ）3、want（需要）, need（需要）, require（需要）后接动词-ing形式表示被动或直接接动词不定式的被动。例如These trees need wantrequire watering.= These trees need wantrequire to be watered.这些树需要被浇四、动名词的否定形式not doing请将以下肯定句变为否定句：His coming made me happy. 练一练1. Do you feel like _ out or would you rather _ dinner at home? A. going.to have B. to go.to have C. to go.having D. going.have 2. It is no arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. A. use B. help C. time D. way3. We had some trouble _ the house and nobody seemed _ where it was. A. in finding.knowing B. finding.to know C. to find.knowing D. to find.to know 小结反思今天学的动名词学习了哪些？哪里还有疑惑？ Unit11 The Media （7）Grammar:动名词的用法当堂检测卡班级： 姓名： 层次： 评价1. We cant imagine _ in the entrance examination, for she has never been to school. A. she succeeding B. her succeeding C. she succeed D. her to succeed 2. It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview. the answers ready will be of great help.A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having3. We suggested _ in hotels but the children were anxious _ out. A. sleeping.to camp B. sleeping.camping C. to sleep.to camp D. to sleep.camping 4. Seeing is _.A.to believe B.believing C.believed D.being believed5. He is looking forward to _ his holiday in Britain. A. spend B. have spentC. spending D. having been spending 6. No one enjoys_at.A.laughing B.to laughC.being laughed D.to be laughed 7. His room needs _ , so he must have it_.A.painting； painted B.painted； paintingC.painting； painting D.painted； painted 8.The young trees we planted last week require _with great care.A.looking afterB.to look after C.to be looked after D.Both A and C9.The story was so funny that we _.A.couldnt help laugh B.cant but laughC.couldnt help laughing D.couldnt help but to laugh111
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