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111课题： 1 .meansn 方法，手段(回归课本P10)People in agricultural areas，without any means to earn their living，move to the cities，.农业区的人们没有谋生手段时便向城市进发，归纳拓展【温馨提示】means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，其单复数同形。当means作主语且有every，each等词修饰时谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等词修饰时谓语动词用复数。All possible means have been tried. Every possible means has been tried.所有(每一种)可能的办法都已经试过了。This plan must be realized by all means.这个计划必须完成。Thoughts are expressed by means of words.思想靠语言来表达。By no means should he be left alone.绝不能把他单独留下。例句探源(2010年高考江苏卷)Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?_.Ours is much stronger than theirs.AOf course BIt dependsCDont mention it DBy no means解析：选D。by no means表示绝不；It depends表示看情况而定。2 .considerateadj.体贴的；想得周到的(回归课本P133)We can all help by being more considerate and thinking of our neighbours.我们都可以通过更体贴的多想想我们的邻居来提供帮助。归纳拓展Since I am now preparing for the College Entrance Examination，my mother is very considerate of me.自从我在为高考做准备，妈妈就对我的照顾很细心。Its very considerate of you to remember my birthday.你想的真周到还记得我的生日。例句探源用consider的适当形式填空(1)You should be_to others.答案：considerate(2)He is very energetic，_his age.答案：considering(3)Take everything into_，I decided to accept the job.答案：consideration(4)All things_，this is really a good plan.答案：considered3 .refer to 提到，涉及；查阅(回归课本P6)Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earths temperature.地球变暖是指地球气温的平均上升归纳拓展Dont refer to the matter again.不要再提这件事了。Refer to the dictionary when you dont know how to spell a word.当你不知道怎么拼写一个单词时，查阅一下词典。He referred his success to the good teaching he had had.他把他的成功归于他以前所受的良好教育。例句探源(2011年泰安模拟)On AIDS Day，the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems _paid special attention to.Areferred to beingBreferred to beCrefer to being Drefer to be解析：选B。referred to为过去分词作后置定语；demand后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即should动词原形的形式，这里省略了should。11.answer for sth.对某事负责；为某事受谴责(回归课本P132)Hunters in general have a lot to answer for in terms of endangered animals.就濒危动物而言，猎人通常应付许多责任。归纳拓展in answer(to sth.)as a reply 作为回应answer(sb.)back 反驳；回嘴；顶嘴；还口answer to sb.(for sth.) 向某人(为某事)负责；对某人承担(某事的)责任They shall answer for their behavior.他们应对自己的行为负责。The doctor came at once in answer to my phone call.医生一接到我的电话立刻就来了。(朗文P60)Stop answering your mother back!不准和母亲顶嘴！例句探源11You may get away with this kind of thing now，but you will have to _it some day.Aanswer backBanswer toCanswer for Danswer up解析：选C。句意：现在你可以逃过此事，但日后你将必须对此承担责任。answer for对负责，符合句意。4 .on somebodys behalf 代表(回归课本P132)We need to speak out on their behalf before they disappear for good.在它们永远消失之前，我们需要代表它们公开站出来说出心声。归纳拓展on behalf of sb.on sb.s behalfin behalf of sb.in sb.s behalf US都可表示“做某人的代表或代言人；为了帮助某人”。Im here on behalf of my family to give our regards to you.我在这里代表我们全家向你问候。I paid the money on your behalf. 我替你付了钱。We collected money in behalf of the poor students.我们为帮助贫困学生而募捐。例句探源完成句子(1)I am appealing_(代表)the famine victims.答案：on behalf of(2)_(代表)my colleagues and myself Id like to give a warm welcome to you all.答案：On behalf of句型梳理1【教材原句】Without these naturally occurring gases, the suns rays would bounce back into space leaving_the_Earth_cold_and_impossible_to_live_on.(P6)如果没有这些自然存在的气体，太阳的光线将会离开地球，返回到太空，使地球变得寒冷，人类将无法居住。【句法分析】(1)without 在本句中表示一个假设的条件，后面的主句中用“woulddo”表示对将来的虚拟，像这样表假设条件的介词还有but for；连词or, otherwise，它们引导的句子在英语中称为含蓄条件句。Without/But for your help, I wouldnt have done it well.没有你的帮助我不会干得很好的。(2)leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on 为现在分词短语作结果状语。Football is played in over 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.在80多个国家里都有足球这项体育活动，使它成为世界上最受欢迎的一项运动。They have been discussing the problem for 2 hours, reaching no agreement at last.他们对这个问题一直讨论了两个小时，最后也没达成协议。The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_in the natural light during the day.Ato letBlettingClet Dhaving let解析：选B。考查现在分词作伴随状语；如选A表动词不定式作目的状语，必须把题干中的逗号省略。2【教材原句】Given this data，it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.(P24)鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。【句法分析】本句中given为介词，意思为“鉴于”(表示原因)。另外，它还可以表示假设，意为“倘若；假定”。Given the present conditions，I think shes done rather well.考虑到目前的条件，我认为她已做得相当出色。Given her interest in children/Given that she is interested in children，I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考虑到她喜欢孩子，我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。Given the chance，Ill do it again.如果有机会，我会再做一次。归纳拓展类似的还有regarding(关于，有关)/considering( 鉴于，考虑到)/concerning(关于，涉及)/provided/providing(假定)； judging from.(根据来判断)等。Considering the strength of the opposition，we did very well to score two goals.就对方的实力而论，我们能进两个球就很不错了。We did more work concerning the aging population.我们关于老龄人口的工作进一步开展。Provided/Providing the price is right，well buy everything you produce.倘若价格合适，我们将采购你们的全部产品。14_that you are right，we wont be able to do anything about it.AGivingBConsideredCGiven DSeen解析：选C。句意：倘若你正确的话，我们就不能做任何事了。given在此意为“倘若”，后面可跟名词、代词和that从句。2【教材原句】 .，Titanic，was on its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City，when_it_struck_an_iceberg and sank about 153 km south of Newfoundland.(P17)，泰坦尼克号在作首次航海，从南安普敦开往纽约城，突然间撞上冰山，在纽芬兰岛南153公里的地方沉船。【句法分析】when it struck an iceberg and.在此为时间状语从句，when“这时，就在这时突然间”，不可用while代替。I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.我正想着这件事时，突然听到有人叫我的名字。He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door.他刚要走就有人敲门。We had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang.我们刚刚入睡，铃声就响了起来。归纳拓展完成句子I had just gone out _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (这时风就把门关上了)答案：when the wind had the door closed111
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